Discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider
|
|
- Jonas Winfred Weaver
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider HEP101-9 March 25, 2013 Al Goshaw 1
2 The Higgs What? 2
3 Outline 1. Some history: From electromagnetism to the weak interaction and the Higgs boson 2. Past searches for the Higgs boson: From the LEP collider at CERN to the Tevatron at Fermilab 3. Using a bigger hammer: The Large Hadron Collider and the experiments at CERN. 4. The July 4 th discovery: Observation of a new Higgs-like particle. 5. Recent results from the ATLAS experiment 3
4 A short history: From electromagnetism to the weak interaction and the Higgs boson 4
5 The electromagnetic force Two hundred years after Newton s formulation of classical gravitation (1666) Maxwell pulled together the complete EM field equations. Prediction of EM waves, the speed of light, etc. and the manual for our modern electronic and optical based society For the E&M force the messenger particle is the mass-less spin 1 boson required by quantum electrodynamics => the photon 5
6 Discovery of the weak interaction At the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century the modern physics revolution including the discovery of forces beyond gravitation and electromagnetism. The discovery of natural radioactivity was the first observation of the weak interaction force from nuclear beta decay It took many years to understand the character of the weak interaction and to discover the messenger particles which are massive spin 1 bosons => Z 0, W +, W
7 Pulling it all together => electroweak theory In the early 1960 s progress was made in unifying electromagnetism and the weak interaction. Sheldon Glashow, Adbus Salam and Steve Weinberg constructed a gauge invariant theory with four messenger particles (the photon, Z, W + and W - ). The basis of the theory was the assumption of an exact U Y (1)xSU L (2) symmetry that required all particles (bosons and fermions) to be mass-less. This was the BIG problem the theory was beautiful for a world of zero mass particles, but this is not our world. The force carriers of the weak interaction (W and Z particles) are very massive GeV, as of course are the quarks and charged leptons. 7
8 Enter the Higgs field In 1964 several theorists working independently (1-4) postulated a new ubiquitous field carried by a spin zero boson with an unusual interaction potential. One of the theorists was Peter Higgs from the University of Edinburgh. His first publication attempt was rejected as not warranting rapid communication to the science community. But in the end his name stuck for this new field and the associated 0 spin boson => the Higgs boson. (1) P.W. Higgs, Phys. Lett. 12 (1964) 132. (2) F, Englert and R. Brout, Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 321. (3) P.W. Higgs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 508. (4) G.S. Guralnik, C.R. Hagen and T.W.B. Kibble, Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 585 8
9 Completing the SM electroweak theory Introducing the Higgs field into the initially zero-mass electroweak Lagrangian, with an interaction with both the gauge bosons and fermions had miraculous effects: Mass terms for the W and Z bosons could be generated while preserving the zero-mass photon. electroweak symmetry breaking Mass terms for the fermions could be generated with a value proportional to the strength of the coupling of the Higgs boson to the fermion s mass. All the couplings of the Higgs bosons to the W/Z bosons and the fermions were defined => all production and decay rates. This was accomplished with the addition of one parameter to the electroweak theory the mass of the Higgs boson: m H = (2µ 2 ) 1/2 where µ is a parameter entering the Higgs potential. 9
10 Searches for the Higgs Boson 10
11 What to look for There are 2 classes of affects that can be used for the experimental verification of the existence of a Higgs boson (as for many other new particle searches) 1. Direct production: Just as photons are produced via bremstrahlung from an accelerated charged particle, Higgs bosons will be produced from the acceleration of any massive particle => Higgs strahlung. 2. Virtual loop affects: Quantum loops containing a Higgs boson will modify precision electroweak predictions. 11
12 The decay modes are known Given the Higgs boson s mass M H, the decay width and branching ratios are predicted. You know exactly what to look for. The Higgs boson favors decays to the most massive particles allowed by energy conservation since the coupling is proportional to the particle s mass. For M H ~ 125 GeV, Γ H ~ 5 MeV and H -> b b has the highest branching ratio. Rare decay modes such as Z Z* and γ γ have low decay rates but are very clean to detect. 12
13 Searches at the CERN Large Electron-Positron Collider The LEP Collider provided a perfect production mechanism for Higgs bosons limited by the e+e- collision cm energy. The LEP center of mass energy was pushed to a limit of 209 GeV in a dedicated search for the Higgs boson. This allowed a search for masses up to M H ~ 209 GeV M Z 2σ The 95% confidence limit limit obtained combining data from 4 LEP experiments is M H > GeV. ( If the LEP cm energy could have been increased by ~ 5% the Higgs boson would have been discovered.) LEP stopped November 2,
14 Searches at the Fermilab Tevatron The Tevatron Collider provided proton antiproton collisions up to a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. However the elementary partonic collisions (quarks and gluons) are typically at much lower center of mass energy. This opens a rich range of Higgs boson production mechanisms in addition to Higgs strahlung. The most sensitive decay channels for detection by the CDF and D0 experiments at the Tevatron are: H > b b and H > W + W - where the b quarks are detected using hadronic jets with a beauty hadron and the W boson from µ/e + neutrino decays. 14
15 Searches at the Fermilab Tevatron The combined data from the CDF and D0 experiments exclude broader range of Higgs boson masses. Using the Tevatron data the allowed mass range was limited to: GeV < M H < 147 GeV or M H > 179 GeV (95% confidence limits) excess In addition the Tevatron collaborations observed an excess of events at the level of 2.7 σ in the search channel: p + p -> W/Z + H with H -> b b for M H ~ GeV. Tevatron stopped Sept Hint of a low mass Higgs? 15
16 Higgs quantum loop corections There has been evidence for a light Higgs boson for many years from fits to measurements of electroweak phenomena. The EWK fits favored a low mass Higgs boson. M H = GeV 16
17 Using a bigger hammer The Large Hadron Collider And the ATLAS and CMS experiments 17
18 Discovery of the Higgs Boson 18
19 Seminar at CERN on July 4, 2012 The ATLAS and CMS experiments presented results of searches for the Higgs boson based upon data collected in 2011 and the first few months of The vibe was that this was important. Peter Higgs and other theory colleagues were invited. The most sensitive channels for the LHC search are the rare decay H -> γ + γ and H -> Z* Z with the Z bosons decaying to µ + µ - or e + e -. Students before seminar These channels allow a precise measurement of the Higgs mass from calculation of the invariant mass of the fully-measured γ/e/µ. 19
20 The optical Higgs boson decay mode H -> γ γ Candidate event from CMS detector Collect events with 2 isolated photons with energies > ~ GeV Calculate the invariant mass of the 2 photons: M γγ = 2E 1 E 2 ( 1 cos θ 12 ) For the case of a Higgs boson production M γγ = M H 20
21 The optical Higgs boson decay mode H -> γ γ CMS experiment ATLAS experiment Both experiments see a signal of a boson with mass ~ 125 GeV 21
22 Search in another decay mode: H -> Z* Z -> µ+µ- µ+ µ- (µ+µ- e+ e-) µ µ e e M4l ~ 125 GeV 22
23 Combine data from Searches in H-> γγ, ZZ and WW Calculate the probability that the background would fluctuate to the observed data versus M H A signal is observed with a statistical significance of 5.9σ corresponding to a background fluctuation of 2 x 10-9 The best mass fit is: M H = GeV (ATLAS experiment) arxiv: v2 [hep-ex] The best mass fit is: M H = GeV (CMS experiment) arxiv: v1 [hep-ex] 23
24 24
25 Recent results from LHC experiments 25
26 Higgs production at the LHC There is now direct experimental evidence for a Higgs field from the observation of a Higgs boson. Here are some results from a conference early in March: 26
27 Discovery channel H -> γ γ H -> γ + γ 27
28 Discovery channel H -> Z Z H -> Z +Z 28
29 Search channel H -> Z γ H -> Z + γ 29
30 Search channel H -> Z γ 30
31 Recent LHC results on Higgs boson observation The conclusions from the ATLAS measurements are: The mass is GeV using the combined H -> γ γ and H -> ZZ channels. The production cross section as measured in several channels is consistent with the SM prediction. The spin-parity of the observed boson is favored to be 0 +. So far, everything checks with the properties of the simple SM Higgs boson postulated in
32 Summary and what s next A new boson of mass ~ 125 GeV has been discovered. The meson s production and decay properties are so far consistent with those predicted for a Standard Model Higgs boson: the production cross sections decays into expected final states So it is quite tempting to declare success, and identify this discovery with the Higgs boson predicted on the backboard by Peter Higgs and others in BUT 32
33 Summary and what s next So far the precision of the branching ratio measurements and the number of channels detected is limited. Many cross checks need to be done. A critical measurement is the spin and parity of the SM Higgs boson. It must have the quantum numbers of the vacuum : J PC = Recent measurements favor this. In addition there are attractive theories beyond the SM that have multiple Higgs-like bosons (so-called super-symmetry theories). One of the 5 Higgs bosons of the simplest version of these SUSY theories is very similar to the SM Higgs boson. Are we seeing one of these? 33
34 Summary and what s next Data accumulated from the LHC experiments in 2012 is being analyzed to obtain as much information as possible. But the current data has limited statistics in very interesting Higgs decay channels. The LHC is now shutdown in for repairs that will allow the proton-proton cm energy to increase from 8 to ~ 14 TeV. This will result in Higgs bosons produced with a higher cross section and allow collection of over 10x as much data. There will also be improvements in the ATLAS and CMS detectors. There is every expectation with this data the question of THE HIGGS WHAT? will be definitely answered. 34
35 END LECTURE 9 35
How To Teach Physics At The Lhc
LHC discoveries and Particle Physics Concepts for Education Farid Ould- Saada, University of Oslo On behalf of IPPOG EPS- HEP, Vienna, 25.07.2015 A successful program LHC data are successfully deployed
More informationTheoretical Particle Physics FYTN04: Oral Exam Questions, version ht15
Theoretical Particle Physics FYTN04: Oral Exam Questions, version ht15 Examples of The questions are roughly ordered by chapter but are often connected across the different chapters. Ordering is as in
More informationHow To Find The Higgs Boson
Dezső Horváth: Search for Higgs bosons Balaton Summer School, Balatongyörök, 07.07.2009 p. 1/25 Search for Higgs bosons Balaton Summer School, Balatongyörök, 07.07.2009 Dezső Horváth MTA KFKI Research
More informationSTRING THEORY: Past, Present, and Future
STRING THEORY: Past, Present, and Future John H. Schwarz Simons Center March 25, 2014 1 OUTLINE I) Early History and Basic Concepts II) String Theory for Unification III) Superstring Revolutions IV) Remaining
More informationConcepts in Theoretical Physics
Concepts in Theoretical Physics Lecture 6: Particle Physics David Tong e 2 The Structure of Things 4πc 1 137 e d ν u Four fundamental particles Repeated twice! va, 9608085, 9902033 Four fundamental forces
More informationSelected Topics in Elementary Particle Physics ( Haupt-Seminar )
Selected Topics in Elementary Particle Physics ( Haupt-Seminar ) Paola Avella, Veronika Chobanova, Luigi Li Gioi, Christian Kiesling, Hans-Günther Moser, Martin Ritter, Pit Vanhoefer Time: Do, 12 ct -14
More informationTop rediscovery at ATLAS and CMS
Top rediscovery at ATLAS and CMS on behalf of ATLAS and CMS collaborations CNRS/IN2P3 & UJF/ENSPG, LPSC, Grenoble, France E-mail: julien.donini@lpsc.in2p3.fr We describe the plans and strategies of the
More informationHighlights of Recent CMS Results. Dmytro Kovalskyi (UCSB)
Highlights of Recent CMS Results Dmytro Kovalskyi (UCSB) Introduction Number of CMS publication is over 0 already It is very hard to review all the recent results in one talk This talk concentrates on
More informationParticle Physics. The Standard Model. A New Periodic Table
5 Particle Physics This lecture is about particle physics, the study of the fundamental building blocks of Nature and the forces between them. We call our best theory of particle physics the Standard Model
More informationREALIZING EINSTEIN S DREAM Exploring Our Mysterious Universe
REALIZING EINSTEIN S DREAM Exploring Our Mysterious Universe The End of Physics Albert A. Michelson, at the dedication of Ryerson Physics Lab, U. of Chicago, 1894 The Miracle Year - 1905 Relativity Quantum
More informationPhysik des Higgs Bosons. Higgs decays V( ) Re( ) Im( ) Figures and calculations from A. Djouadi, Phys.Rept. 457 (2008) 1-216
: Higgs decays V( ) Re( ) Im( ) Figures and calculations from A. Djouadi, Phys.Rept. 457 (2008) 1-216 1 Reminder 10.6.2014 Higgs couplings: 2 Reminder 10.6.2014 Higgs BF as a function of mh Higgs total
More informationSpontaneous symmetry breaking in particle physics: a case of cross fertilization
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in particle physics: a case of cross fertilization Yoichiro Nambu lecture presented by Giovanni Jona-Lasinio Nobel Lecture December 8, 2008 1 / 25 History repeats itself 1960
More informationThe Higgs Boson. Linac08 Victoria BC, Canada CANADA S NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
CANADA S NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS Owned and operated as a joint venture by a consortium of Canadian universities via a contribution through the National Research Council Canada
More informationCross section, Flux, Luminosity, Scattering Rates
Cross section, Flux, Luminosity, Scattering Rates Table of Contents Paul Avery (Andrey Korytov) Sep. 9, 013 1 Introduction... 1 Cross section, flux and scattering... 1 3 Scattering length λ and λ ρ...
More informationOpen access to data and analysis tools from the CMS experiment at the LHC
Open access to data and analysis tools from the CMS experiment at the LHC Thomas McCauley (for the CMS Collaboration and QuarkNet) University of Notre Dame, USA thomas.mccauley@cern.ch! 5 Feb 2015 Outline
More informationOne of the primary goals of physics is to understand the wonderful variety of nature in a
A Unified Physics by by Steven Weinberg 2050? Experiments at CERN and elsewhere should let us complete the Standard Model of particle physics, but a unified theory of all forces will probably require radically
More informationGauge theories and the standard model of elementary particle physics
Gauge theories and the standard model of elementary particle physics Mark Hamilton 21st July 2014 1 / 35 Table of contents 1 The standard model 2 3 2 / 35 The standard model The standard model is the most
More informationIntroduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 01 Page 1 of 8. Natural Units
Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 01 Page 1 of 8 Natural Units There are 4 primary SI units: three kinematical (meter, second, kilogram) and one electrical (Ampere 1 ) It is common in the
More informationPHYSICS WITH LHC EARLY DATA
PHYSICS WITH LHC EARLY DATA ONE OF THE LAST PROPHETIC TALKS ON THIS SUBJECT HOPEFULLY We may have some two month of the Machine operation in 2008 LONG HISTORY... I will extensively use: Fabiola GIANOTTI
More informationMiddle East Technical University. Studying Selected Tools for HEP: CalcHEP
Middle East Technical University Department of Physics Advanced Selected Problems in Physics Studying Selected Tools for HEP: CalcHEP Author: Jack Yakup Araz Supervisor: Assoc. Prof Ismail Turan December
More informationWeak Interactions: towards the Standard Model of Physics
Weak Interactions: towards the Standard Model of Physics Weak interactions From β-decay to Neutral currents Weak interactions: are very different world CP-violation: power of logics and audacity Some experimental
More informationMeasurement of the Mass of the Top Quark in the l+ Jets Channel Using the Matrix Element Method
Measurement of the Mass of the Top Quark in the l+ Jets Channel Using the Matrix Element Method Carlos Garcia University of Rochester For the DØ Collaboration APS Meeting 2007 Outline Introduction Top
More informationCalorimetry in particle physics experiments
Calorimetry in particle physics experiments Unit n. 8 Calibration techniques Roberta Arcidiacono Lecture overview Introduction Hardware Calibration Test Beam Calibration In-situ Calibration (EM calorimeters)
More informationScientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2013
8 OCTOBER 2013 Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 The BEH-Mechanism, Interactions with Short Range Forces and Scalar Particles Compiled by the Class for Physics of the Royal Swedish
More informationThe Standard Model and the LHC! in the Higgs Boson Era Juan Rojo!
The Standard Model and the LHC in the Higgs Boson Era Juan Rojo Saturday Mornings of Theoretical Physics Rudolf Peierls Center for Theoretical Physics Oxford, 07/02/2015 1 The Standard Model of Particle
More informationVrije Universiteit Brussel. Faculteit Wetenschappen Departement Natuurkunde
Vrije Universiteit Brussel Faculteit Wetenschappen Departement Natuurkunde Measurement of the top quark pair production cross section at the LHC with the CMS experiment Michael Maes Promotor Prof. Dr.
More information1 Introduction. 1 There may, of course, in principle, exist other universes, but they are not accessible to our
1 1 Introduction Cosmology is the study of the universe as a whole, its structure, its origin, and its evolution. Cosmology is soundly based on observations, mostly astronomical, and laws of physics. These
More informationThe Dawn of PHYSICS BEYOND THE. By Gordon Kane 68 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
The Dawn of PHYSICS BEYOND THE By Gordon Kane 68 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN STANDARD MODEL The Standard Model of particle physics is at a pivotal moment in its history: it is both at the height of its success
More informationExtensions of the Standard Model (part 2)
Extensions of the Standard Model (part 2) Prof. Jorgen D Hondt Vrije Universiteit Brussel Inter-university Institute for High Energies Content: The Higgs sector of the Standard Model and extensions Theoretical
More informationBounding the Higgs width at the LHC
Bounding the Higgs width at the LHC Higgs XSWG workshop, June 2014 John Campbell, Fermilab with K. Ellis, C. Williams 1107.5569, 1311.3589, 1312.1628 Reminder of the method This is the essence of the original
More informationA Study of the Top Quark Production Threshold at a Future Electron-Positron Linear Collider
A Study of the Top Quark Production Threshold at a Future Electron-Positron Linear Collider Filimon Gournaris Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London A thesis submitted for the degree
More informationFCC 1309180800 JGU WBS_v0034.xlsm
1 Accelerators 1.1 Hadron injectors 1.1.1 Overall design parameters 1.1.1.1 Performance and gap of existing injector chain 1.1.1.2 Performance and gap of existing injector chain 1.1.1.3 Baseline parameters
More informationPeriodic Table of Particles/Forces in the Standard Model. Three Generations of Fermions: Pattern of Masses
Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 01 Page 1 of 8 Periodic Table of Particles/Forces in the Standard Model Three Generations of Fermions: Pattern of Masses 1.0E+06 1.0E+05 1.0E+04 1.0E+03
More informationHigh Energy Physics. Lecture 4 More kinematics and a picture show of particle collisions
High Energy Physics Lecture 4 More kinematics and a picture show of particle collisions 1 Recall from the previous lecture: the momentum of the scattered Particle in an elastic collision is given by p
More informationAspects of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in Physics Beyond the Standard Model
Aspects of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in Physics Beyond the Standard Model Peter Athron Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow Presented as a thesis for the degree of Ph.D. in the
More informationThe Standard Model of Particle Physics - II
The Standard Model of Particle Physics II Lecture 4 Gauge Theory and Symmetries Quantum Chromodynamics Neutrinos Eram Rizvi Royal Institution London 6 th March 2012 Outline A Century of Particle Scattering
More informationThe Standard Model of Particle Physics. Tom W.B. Kibble Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London
The Standard Model of Particle Physics Tom W.B. Kibble Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London Abstract This is a historical account from my personal perspective of the development over the last few
More informationPearson Physics Level 30 Unit VIII Atomic Physics: Chapter 17 Solutions
Pearson Physics Level 30 Unit VIII Atomic Physics: Chapter 17 Solutions Student Book page 831 Concept Check Since neutrons have no charge, they do not create ions when passing through the liquid in a bubble
More informationA SUSY SO(10) GUT with 2 Intermediate Scales
A SUSY SO(10) GUT with 2 Intermediate Scales Manuel Drees Bonn University & Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics SUSY SO(10) p. 1/25 Contents 1 Motivation: SO(10), intermediate scales SUSY SO(10) p. 2/25
More informationA CONFRONTATION WITH INFINITY
A CONFRONTATION WITH INFINITY Nobel lecture 1999. Gerard t Hooft Institute for Theoretical Physics University of Utrecht, Princetonplein 5 3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands e-mail: g.thooft@fys.ruu.nl 1.
More informationarxiv:hep-ph/0310021v2 4 Oct 2003
Physics in Collision - Zeuthen, Germany, June 6-8, 003 arxiv:hep-ph/0300v 4 Oct 003 SEARCHES FOR NEW PARTICLES AT THE ENERGY FRONTIER AT THE TEVATRON Patrice VERDIER LAL, Université Paris-Sud, 9898 Orsay
More information0.33 d down 1 1. 0.33 c charm + 2 3. 0 0 1.5 s strange 1 3. 0 0 0.5 t top + 2 3. 0 0 172 b bottom 1 3
Chapter 16 Constituent Quark Model Quarks are fundamental spin- 1 particles from which all hadrons are made up. Baryons consist of three quarks, whereas mesons consist of a quark and an anti-quark. There
More informationSession 42 Review The Universe, and its Dark Side
95% Session 42 Review The Universe, and its Dark Side Dec 9, 2011 Email: ph116@u.washington.edu Announcements Final exam: Monday 12/12, 2:30-4:20 pm Same length/format as previous exams (but you can have
More informationUniverse. Can scientists theory of everything really explain all the weirdness the universe displays? /// BY EDWARD WITTEN
Can scientists theory of everything really explain all the weirdness the universe displays? /// BY EDWARD WITTEN Astronomers have wrapped up cosmic history in a neat package. Or so it might seem. Some
More informationPhysics for the 21 st Century. Unit 1: The Basic Building Blocks of Matter. Bonnie Fleming and Mark Kruse
Physics for the 21 st Century Unit 1: The Basic Building Blocks of Matter Bonnie Fleming and Mark Kruse What are the basic building blocks that make up all matter? BONNIE FLEMING: The basic building blocks
More informationWhere is Fundamental Physics Heading? Nathan Seiberg IAS Apr. 30, 2014
Where is Fundamental Physics Heading? Nathan Seiberg IAS Apr. 30, 2014 Disclaimer We do not know what will be discovered. This is the reason we perform experiments. This is the reason scientific research
More informationMasses in Atomic Units
Nuclear Composition - the forces binding protons and neutrons in the nucleus are much stronger (binding energy of MeV) than the forces binding electrons to the atom (binding energy of ev) - the constituents
More informationSingle-Top Production at the Tevatron and the LHC: Results and Prospects
Single-Top Production at the Tevatron and the LHC: Results and Prospects Wolfgang Wagner Bergische Universität Wuppertal DESY Zeuthen, June 16, 2011 Content: 1) Introduction / History 2) Experimental Status
More informationMeasurement of the t -Channel Single Top-Quark Production Cross-Section with the ATLAS Detector at s = 7 TeV
FACHBEREICH MAHEMAIK UND NAURWISSENSCHAFEN FACHGRUPPE PHYSIK BERGISCHE UNIVERSIÄ WUPPERAL Measurement of the t -Channel Single op-quark Production Cross-Section with the ALAS Detector at s = 7 ev Dissertation
More informationRisultati recenti dell'esperimento CMS ad LHC e prospettive per il run a 14 TeV
Risultati recenti dell'esperimento CMS ad LHC e prospettive per il run a 14 TeV Luca Lista INFN Napoli 1 78 reconstructed vertices CMS experiment CMS recorded 5fb-1 at 7 TeV and 20 fb-1 at 8 TeV 2 Electroweak
More informationSearching for the Building Blocks of Matter
1 Searching for the Building Blocks of Matter Building Blocks of Matter The Smallest Scales Physicists at Fermilab are searching for the smallest building blocks of matter and determining how they interact
More informationhij Teacher Resource Bank GCE Physics A Other Guidance: Particle Physics By J Breithaupt
hij Teacher Resource Bank GCE Physics A Other Guidance: Particle Physics By J Breithaupt Copyright 2008 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. The Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA) is a
More informationCalibration of the muon momentum resolution in view of the W mass measurement with the CMS experiment
Calibration of the muon momentum resolution in view of the W mass measurement with the CMS experiment GIULIA RIPELLINO Master of Science Thesis Supervisor CERN: Luigi Rolandi Supervisor KTH: Jonas Strandberg
More informationElectroweak effects in Higgs boson production
Electroweak effects in Higgs boson production Frank Petriello University of Wisconsin, Madison w/c. Anastasiou, R. Boughezal 0811.3458 w/ W. Y. Keung, WIP Outline Brief review of experiment, theory for
More informationAbout the Author. journals as Physics Letters, Nuclear Physics and The Physical Review.
About the Author Dr. John Hagelin is Professor of Physics and Director of the Doctoral Program in Physics at Maharishi International University. Dr. Hagelin received his A.B. Summa Cum Laude from Dartmouth
More informationSingle Top Production at the Tevatron
Single Top Production at the Tevatron Daniel Wicke (Bergische Universität Wuppertal) Introduction Outline DØ Cross Section CDF Results DØ V tb Conclusions Revision : 1.7 DESY-Zeuthen, 21-Feb-2007 1 Introduction
More informationTesi di Laurea Magistrale in Fisica. Search for an Invisible Decaying Higgs Boson
Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata Tesi di Laurea Magistrale in Fisica Search for an Invisible Decaying Higgs Boson in Dilepton Events with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider Candidate
More informationDistributed analysis for the ATLAS Experiment in the S.Co.P.E Project
FINAL WORKSHOP OF GRID PROJECTS, PON RICERCA 2000-2006, AVVISO 1575 1 Distributed analysis for the ATLAS Experiment in the S.Co.P.E Project A. Aloisio 1,2, M. Alviggi 1,2, M. Biglietti 1,2, V. Canale 1,2,
More informationReal Time Tracking with ATLAS Silicon Detectors and its Applications to Beauty Hadron Physics
Real Time Tracking with ATLAS Silicon Detectors and its Applications to Beauty Hadron Physics Carlo Schiavi Dottorato in Fisica - XVII Ciclo Outline The ATLAS Experiment The SiTrack Algorithm Application
More informationThe Elegant Universe Teacher s Guide
The Elegant Universe Teacher s Guide On the Web It s the holy grail of physics the search for the ultimate explanation of how the universe works. And in the past few years, excitement has grown among scientists
More informationFINDING SUPERSYMMETRY AT THE LHC
FINDING SUPERSYMMETRY AT THE LHC Tilman Plehn MPI München & University of Edinburgh TeV scale supersymmetry Signals at Tevatron and LHC Measurements at LHC SUSY parameters at LHC (and ILC) Tilman Plehn:
More informationLooking for Magnetic Monopoles AT The Large Hadron Collider. Vicente Vento Universidad de Valencia-IFIC
Looking for Magnetic Monopoles AT The Large Hadron Collider Vicente Vento Universidad de Valencia-IFIC Luis Epele Huner Fanchiotti Carlos García Canal Vasiliki Mitsou Introduction Monopoles Monopole Production
More informationSUSY Breaking and Axino Cosmology
SUSY Breaking and Axino Cosmology Masahiro Yamaguchi Tohoku University Nov. 10, 2010 ExDiP2010@KEK, Japan 1. Introduction Fine Tuning Problems of Particle Physics Smallness of electroweak scale Smallness
More informationTHREE QUARKS: u, d, s. Precursor 2: Eightfold Way, Discovery of Ω - Quark Model: first three quarks and three colors
Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 20 Page 1 of 17 THREE QUARKS: u, d, s Precursor 1: Sakata Model Precursor 2: Eightfold Way, Discovery of Ω - Quark Model: first three quarks and three
More informationAccelerator Physics WS 2011/12
Lecture: Accelerator Physics Heidelberg WS 2011/12 Prof. A. Schöning Physikalisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg Introduction 1 Goal of this Lecture Introduction to Accelerator Physics: experimental
More informationPrHEP JHW2002. Experiments on high energy reactions in the diffractive regime at LHC. 1. Introduction. Twenty-sixth Johns Hopkins Workshop
PROCEEDINGS Experiments on high energy reactions in the diffractive regime at LHC Helsinki Institute for Physics, c/o CERN, Route de Meyrin, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: Stefan.Tapprogge@cern.ch
More informationr 'i, CMU-HEP--91-10 DE92 002769
d, r 'i, CMU-HEP--91-10 DE92 002769 REMARKS ON PSEUDOSCALAR HIGGS PARTICLES" LING-FONG LI Physics Department, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittaburgh, PA 15_18 ABSTRACT It is suggested that Z decays into
More informationGenerally Covariant Quantum Mechanics
Chapter 15 Generally Covariant Quantum Mechanics by Myron W. Evans, Alpha Foundation s Institutute for Advance Study (AIAS). (emyrone@oal.com, www.aias.us, www.atomicprecision.com) Dedicated to the Late
More informationarxiv:hep-ph/9812492v1 24 Dec 1998
MPI-PhT/96-14(extended version) July 1996 A Note on QCD Corrections to A b FB using Thrust to arxiv:hep-ph/9812492v1 24 Dec 1998 determine the b-quark Direction Bodo Lampe Max Planck Institut für Physik
More informationUniversität Karlsruhe (TH) Analyse des Kanals H 4 µ in der objektorientierten Softwareumgebung von CMS. Diplomarbeit
Universität Karlsruhe (TH) IEKP-KA/2003-29 Analyse des Kanals H 4 µ in der objektorientierten Softwareumgebung von CMS Joanna Weng Diplomarbeit bei Prof. Dr. G. Quast Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik
More informationJET ENERGY CALIBRATION IN ATLAS
JET ENERGY CALIBRATION IN ATLAS by Douglas William Schouten B.Sc., University of British Columbia, 2004 a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science
More informationThe origin of neutrino mass
New experimental data, which show that neutrinos have mass, are forcing theorists to revise the Standard Model of particle physics The origin of neutrino mass IF WE look deep into the universe, we see
More informationUnobservability of short-lived unstable particles and its implications for observational claims and theories in physics
Unobservability of short-lived unstable particles and its implications for observational claims and theories in physics Marcoen J.T.F. Cabbolet m.cabbolet@liberalitas.org Paper presented at the 7 th conference
More informationRelativistic kinematics basic energy, mass and momentum units, Lorents force, track bending, sagitta. First accelerator: cathode ray tube
Accelerators Relativistic kinematics basic energy, mass and momentum units, Lorents force, track bending, sagitta Basic static acceleration: First accelerator: cathode ray tube Cathode C consist of a filament,
More informationTop-Quark Studies at CMS
Top-Quark Studies at CMS Tim Christiansen (CERN) on behalf of the CMS Collaboration ICHEP 2010, Paris 35th International Conference on High-Energy Physics tt 2 km 22 28 July 2010 Single-top 4 km New Physics
More informationADVANCEMENTS IN BIG DATA PROCESSING IN THE ATLAS AND CMS EXPERIMENTS 1. A.V. Vaniachine on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations
ADVANCEMENTS IN BIG DATA PROCESSING IN THE ATLAS AND CMS EXPERIMENTS 1 A.V. Vaniachine on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
More informationDirigido por: Susana Cabrera Urbán. Tesis Doctoral Junio 2014. Facultat de Física Departament de Física Atòmica Molecular i Nuclear
Measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 TeV in final states with a τ lepton with the ATLAS detector María Teresa Pérez García-Estañ
More informationarxiv:1006.5339v1 [hep-ph] 28 Jun 2010
FR-PHENO-2010-021 arxiv:1006.5339v1 [hep-ph] 28 Jun 2010 NLO QCD corrections to 4 b-quark production University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL, 61801 USA E-mail: ngreiner@illinois.edu Alberto
More informationATLAS NOTE ATLAS-CONF-2010-063. July 21, 2010. Search for top pair candidate events in ATLAS at s = 7 TeV. The ATLAS Collaboration.
ATLAS NOTE ATLAS-CONF-2010-063 July 21, 2010 Search for top pair candidate events in ATLAS at s = 7 TeV The ATLAS Collaboration Abstract A search is performed for events consistent with top quark pair
More informationRare decays in quark flavour physics
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 73 75 (6) 5 59 www.elsevier.com/locate/nppp Rare decays in quark flavour physics Johannes Albrecht On behalf of the collaboration
More informationTesting the In-Memory Column Store for in-database physics analysis. Dr. Maaike Limper
Testing the In-Memory Column Store for in-database physics analysis Dr. Maaike Limper About CERN CERN - European Laboratory for Particle Physics Support the research activities of 10 000 scientists from
More informationChannels & Challenges New Physics at LHC
Channels & Challenges New Physics at LHC Jürgen Reuter Carleton University, Ottawa Southampton, 15. January 2007 The success of the Standard Model Standard Model describes microcosm gauge interactions:
More informationUnification - The Standard Model
Unification - The Standard Model Information on Physics level 4 Undergraduate Course PT.4.6 K.S. Stelle, Office Huxley 519 November 9, 2015 Rapid Feedback to be handed in to the UG office Level 3 (day
More informationStandard Model of Particle Physics
Standard Model of Particle Physics Chris Sachrajda School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK SUSSP61, St Andrews August 8th 3rd 006 Contents 1. Spontaneous Symmetry
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. Los Angeles. in Proton-Antiproton Collisions at 1.96 TeV. A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Measurement of Electroweak Single Top Quark Production in Proton-Antiproton Collisions at 1.96 TeV A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements
More informationThe standard model of particle physics
The standard model of particle physics Mary K. Gaillard University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Paul D. Grannis State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794 Frank J. Sciulli Columbia
More informationCollege of Arts and Sciences
Note: It is assumed that all prerequisites include, in addition to any specific course listed, the phrase or equivalent, or consent of instructor. 105 SICS AND ASTRONOMY TODAY. (1) This course is intended
More informationSearch for Dark Matter at the LHC
Search for Dark Matter at the LHC Steven Lowette Vrije Universiteit Brussel - IIHE 19 November 2014 3rd CosPa Meeting Université de Liège Content Introduction Generic DM searches at the LHC Explicit DM
More informationVector-like quarks t and partners
Vector-like quarks t and partners Luca Panizzi University of Southampton, UK Outline Motivations and Current Status 2 Couplings and constraints 3 Signatures at LHC Outline Motivations and Current Status
More informationPHYS 1624 University Physics I. PHYS 2644 University Physics II
PHYS 1624 Physics I An introduction to mechanics, heat, and wave motion. This is a calculus- based course for Scientists and Engineers. 4 hours (3 lecture/3 lab) Prerequisites: Credit for MATH 2413 (Calculus
More informationThroughout the twentieth century, physicists have been trying to unify. gravity with the Standard Model (SM). A vague statement about quantum
Elko Fields Andrew Lopez Throughout the twentieth century, physicists have been trying to unify gravity with the Standard Model (SM). A vague statement about quantum gravity is that it induces non-locality.
More informationPrecise measurements of the proton structure towards the new physics discoveries at the LHC
June 2015 Precise measurements of the proton structure towards the new physics discoveries at the LHC Voica Radescu Physikalisches Institut Heidelberg Early ideas Ideas for detecting quarks were formulated
More informationStatement of Hugh E. Montgomery President, Jefferson Science Associates, LLC Director, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
Statement of Hugh E. Montgomery President, Jefferson Science Associates, LLC Director, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment Committee on Science
More informationABOUT THE POSSIBILITY TO MEASURE SOME STANDARD MODEL PARAMETERS AND SEARCH FOR NEW PHYSICS WITH LOW ENERGY NEUTRINOS *
Romanian Reports in Physics, Vol. 64, No. 1, P. 4 3, 01 ELEMENTARY PARTICLE PHYSICS ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY TO MEASURE SOME STANDARD MODEL PARAMETERS AND SEARCH FOR NEW PHYSICS WITH LOW ENERGY NEUTRINOS
More informationAxion/Saxion Cosmology Revisited
Axion/Saxion Cosmology Revisited Masahiro Yamaguchi (Tohoku University) Based on Nakamura, Okumura, MY, PRD77 ( 08) and Work in Progress 1. Introduction Fine Tuning Problems of Particle Physics Smallness
More informationKinematic Tau Reconstruction and Search For The Higgs Boson in Hadronic Tau Pair Decays with the CMS Experiment
Kinematic Tau Reconstruction and Search For The Higgs Boson in Hadronic Tau Pair Decays with the CMS Experiment Von der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der Rheinisch- Westfälischen
More informationTheory versus Experiment. Prof. Jorgen D Hondt Vrije Universiteit Brussel jodhondt@vub.ac.be
Theory versus Experiment Prof. Jorgen D Hondt Vrije Universiteit Brussel jodhondt@vub.ac.be Theory versus Experiment Pag. 2 Dangerous cocktail!!! Pag. 3 The basics in these lectures Part1 : Theory meets
More informationDissertation. Studies for a Top Quark Mass Measurement and Development of a Jet Energy Calibration with the ATLAS Detector. von.
Dissertation Studies for a op Quark Mass Measurement and Development of a Jet Energy Calibration with the ALAS Detector von Andreas Jantsch eingereicht an der Fakultät für Physik echnische Universität
More informationTHE BIG BANG HOW CLOSE CAN WE COME? Michael Dine Final Lecture Physics 171, 2009
THE BIG BANG HOW CLOSE CAN WE COME? Michael Dine Final Lecture Physics 171, 2009 New York Times: April, 2003 Reports a debate among cosmologists about the Big Bang. lll1.html Dr. Tyson, who introduced
More informationParticle Physics. Bryan Webber University of Cambridge. IMPRS, Munich. 19-23 November 2007
Monte Carlo Methods in Particle Physics University of Cambridge IMPRS, Munich 19-23 November 2007 See also ESW: QCD and Collider Physics, C.U.P. 1996 http://www.hep.phy.cam.ac.uk/theory/webber/qcdupdates.html
More information