Data Conversion Circuits Dr. Lynn Fuller
|
|
|
- Bennett Smith
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING Data Conversion Circuits Dr. Lynn Fuller Webpage: 82 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester, NY Tel (585) Department webpage: Conversion_Circuits.ppt Page 1
2 INTRODUCTION Analog electronic circuits are different from digital circuits in that the signals are expected to have any value rather than two discrete values. Primitive analog components include the diode, mosfet, BJT, resistor, capacitor, etc,. Analog circuit building blocks include single stage amplifiers, differential amplifiers, constant current sources, voltage references, etc. Basic analog electronic circuits include the operational amplifier, inverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier, integrator, bistable multivibrator, peak detector, comparator, RC oscillator, etc. Mixed-mode analog integrated circuits include D-to-A, A-to-D, etc. This document will introduce some mixed-mode analog/digital electronic circuits. Page 2
3 OUTLINE Analog Multiplexer D to A A to D Binary Counter A to D Flip Flops Shift Registers/Counters Design Examples Blue Tooth References Homework Page 3
4 3 BIT ANALOG MULTIPLEXER V8 V7 V6 V5 V4 V3 V2 V1 b1 b1 b2 b2 b3 b3 LSB MSB Vout MSB LSB b3 b2 b1 Vout V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 Page 4
5 128 PHOTODIODES Data Conversion Circuits ANALOG MULTIPLEXER APPLICATION ANALOG MULTIPLEXER D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SWITCHES A A B B C C Analog out A.G 7 BIT COUNTER Sync Sync pulse (at B) Clock Reset Page 5
6 CMOS ANALOG MULTIPLEXER LAYOUT V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 b1 b1 b2 b2 b3 b3 Vout Page 6
7 DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION A digital word of n bits is converted to an analog voltage. If n = 3 then 2 n or 8 different analog values are possible. If n=1 then 124 different analog values are possible. b1 D to A Analog Vout bn For example if the reference voltage is 3 volts and n = 3 and the digital word is 11 then the Analog Vout = 3V x 5/8 = 1.875V 11=5 2 n =8 Page 7
8 3 BIT D TO A Vref b1 b1 b2 b3 b3 b2 Vref 7/8 Vref 6/8 Vref 5/8 Vref 4/8 Vref 3/8 Vref 2/8 Vref 1/8 LSB MSB Vout Resistors are all equal value Page 8
9 BINARY-WEIGHTED RESISTOR D TO A Vref R 2R 4R b3 b2 b1 I R/2 I3 I2 I1 I = I3 + I2 + I1 - + Vo = -I R/2 With the switches as shown Vo = What is Vo for a 11 digital input? -Vref R/2 = -Vref /8 4R How is this architecture extended to more bits? Page 9
10 R-2R RESISTOR LADDER D TO A Vref R R 2R Vref/R Vref/2R Vref/4R Vref/8R 2R 2R 2R b3 b2 b1 I R I3 = Vref/2R I2 = Vref/4R I1 = Vref/8R I3 I2 I1 I = I3 + I2 + I1 - + Vo = -I R With the switches as shown Vo = What is Vo for a 11 digital input? -Vref R = -Vref /8 8R How is this architecture extended to more bits? Page 1
11 DAC LAYOUT DAC1 Rai DAC2 Chia Test Devices Saxer DAC4 Knauz DAC3 Reisiger Page 11
12 FEEDBACK-COMPARATOR A TO D CONVERTER Analog Comparator Vin + - Up/Down Control Up/Down Counter Clock b1 b2 b3 bn n-bit Digital Output Vo DAC Analog Vin must be less than DAC Vref. Could take a lot of clock cycles (time) for each conversion. Page 12
13 DUAL SLOPE A TO D CONVERTER Analog -Vin Vref S1 R Vx S2 - + C Vx Comparator Clock - + Counter b1 b2 b3 bn n-bit Digital Output Slope = Vin/RC Slope = -Vref/RC Fixed T1 time Variable time T2 Page 13
14 8V 3 BIT FLASH ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER +V Vin 7V 6V 5V 4V 3V 2V 1V 3.5V Comparators Segment Detector 1 Decoding Logic Page 14
15 LAYOUT OF FLASH A TO D Page 15
16 WIRELESS CAPACITANCE TO DIGITAL CONVERTER RC Oscillator 2.4 khz RC Oscillator 5 Hz CTS TX RX SCLK RCLK 5 Hz Stop Bit 1 1-bit (Left) Shift Register 1 3 V RTS 1 Bluetooth Serial RF Link Start Bit CCKEN RCO CCLK 8-bit Binary Counter RCLK CCLR Internal Counter RC Oscillator Sensor Page 16
17 UP/DOWN COUNTER AND SHIFT REGISTERS Many of these circuits need Up/Down counters and shift registers. In the next few pages we will look at one type of counter and see how to modify it to also function as a shift register. Binary Counter Serial Output Asynchronous Reset Count Up Enable Shift Out Clock Input Count Up Clock Input Start Bit and Stop Bit Page 17
18 EDGE TRIGGERED D TYPE FLIP FLOP Page 18
19 D (Edge Triggered)Flip Flop Realization Page 19
20 D FF (Edge Triggered) Input File:.incl rit_sub_param.txt m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m2 8 1 cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u vdd 16 3 vd 15 PULSE( 3 NS NS NS 15NS 3NS) vclock 9 PULSE( 3 5NS NS NS 1NS 2NS) Microelectronic *****transient******* Engineering.tran.1n.5u.end Page 2
21 EDGE TRIGGERED D FF SIMULATION RESULTS CLK D Q Page 21
22 JK FLIP FLOP Page 22
23 Modification to Convert D FF to JK FF Page 23
24 JK FF Input File:.incl rit_sub_param.txt m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m2 8 1 cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u Transistors on next page Page 24
25 JK FF Input File: vdd 16 3 vj 17 PULSE( 3 NS NS NS 1NS 15NS) vk 23 PULSE( 3 NS NS NS 5NS 1NS) vclock 9 PULSE( 3 5NS NS NS 5NS 15NS) ********************** m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u *****transient*******.tran.1n.5u.end Page 25
26 JK FF Simulation Output: J K CLK Q Q Page 26
27 Constructing 8 bit Binary Counter Using T FF T Flip Flop is a JK FF With J and K connected together and labeled T Page 27
28 8 Bit Binary Counter Input File:.incl rit_sub_param.txt.subckt Tff m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m2 8 1 cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u vd 16 3 vjk dc ********************** Page 28
29 8 Bit Binary Counter Input File: m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosp w=7.5u l=2u ad=35p pd=25u as=35p ps=25u m cmosn w=3u l=2u ad=15p pd=16u as=15p ps=16u ***************************.ends xb Tff xb Tff xb Tff xb Tff xb Tff xb Tff xb Tff xb Tff Vcountenable 4 3 vcount 41 PULSE(3 NS NS NS 5NS 1NS).tran.1n 13u.end Page 29
30 8 Bit Binary Counter Output: Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Page 3
31 8 Bit Binary Counter Output: Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Page 31
32 8-BIT BINARY COUNTER Page 32
33 ADDITIONAL CIRCUITRY TO RESET, SHIFT, COUNT Page 33
34 UP/DOWN COUNTER AND SHIFT REGISTERS Page 34
35 8-BIT BINARY COUNTER/SHIFT REGISTER peek in 1 level Page 35
36 COUNTER AND SHIFT REGISTER Page 36
37 REFERENCES 1. Switched Capacitor Circuits, Phillip E. Allen and Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio, Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishers, Active Filter Design Using Operational Transconductance Amplifiers: A Tutorial, Randall L. Geiger and Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio, IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine, March 1985, pg Microelectronic Circuits, 5 th Edition, Sedra and Smith, Chapter 9 section Page 37
38 HOMEWORK DATA CONVERSION 1. Create one good homework problem and its solution related to the material covered in this document. (for next years students) 2. Design an R-2R 3-Bit A-to-D converter and show it works using SPICE. 3. Design and simulate a 2-bit analog MUX and show it works using SPICE. Page 38
Single Supply Op Amp Circuits Dr. Lynn Fuller
ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING Single Supply Op Amp Circuits Dr. Lynn Fuller Webpage: http://people.rit.edu/lffeee 82 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester, NY 146235604 Tel (585)
Selected Filter Circuits Dr. Lynn Fuller
ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING Selected Filter Circuits Dr. Lynn Fuller Webpage: http://people.rit.edu/lffeee 82 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester, NY 146235604 Tel (585) 4752035
Conversion Between Analog and Digital Signals
ELET 3156 DL - Laboratory #6 Conversion Between Analog and Digital Signals There is no pre-lab work required for this experiment. However, be sure to read through the assignment completely prior to starting
Digital to Analog and Analog to Digital Conversion
Real world (lab) is Computer (binary) is digital Digital to Analog and Analog to Digital Conversion V t V t D/A or DAC and A/D or ADC D/A Conversion Computer DAC A/D Conversion Computer DAC Digital to
NTE2053 Integrated Circuit 8 Bit MPU Compatible A/D Converter
NTE2053 Integrated Circuit 8 Bit MPU Compatible A/D Converter Description: The NTE2053 is a CMOS 8 bit successive approximation Analog to Digital converter in a 20 Lead DIP type package which uses a differential
WEEK 8.1 Registers and Counters. ECE124 Digital Circuits and Systems Page 1
WEEK 8.1 egisters and Counters ECE124 igital Circuits and Systems Page 1 Additional schematic FF symbols Active low set and reset signals. S Active high set and reset signals. S ECE124 igital Circuits
DEGREE: Bachelor in Biomedical Engineering YEAR: 2 TERM: 2 WEEKLY PLANNING
SESSION WEEK COURSE: Electronic Technology in Biomedicine DEGREE: Bachelor in Biomedical Engineering YEAR: 2 TERM: 2 WEEKLY PLANNING DESCRIPTION GROUPS (mark X) SPECIAL ROOM FOR SESSION (Computer class
Interfacing Analog to Digital Data Converters
Converters In most of the cases, the PIO 8255 is used for interfacing the analog to digital converters with microprocessor. We have already studied 8255 interfacing with 8086 as an I/O port, in previous
Digital to Analog Converter. Raghu Tumati
Digital to Analog Converter Raghu Tumati May 11, 2006 Contents 1) Introduction............................... 3 2) DAC types................................... 4 3) DAC Presented.............................
To design digital counter circuits using JK-Flip-Flop. To implement counter using 74LS193 IC.
8.1 Objectives To design digital counter circuits using JK-Flip-Flop. To implement counter using 74LS193 IC. 8.2 Introduction Circuits for counting events are frequently used in computers and other digital
Operating Manual Ver.1.1
4 Bit Binary Ripple Counter (Up-Down Counter) Operating Manual Ver.1.1 An ISO 9001 : 2000 company 94-101, Electronic Complex Pardesipura, Indore- 452010, India Tel : 91-731- 2570301/02, 4211100 Fax: 91-731-
Analog/Digital Conversion. Analog Signals. Digital Signals. Analog vs. Digital. Interfacing a microprocessor-based system to the real world.
Analog/Digital Conversion Analog Signals Interacing a microprocessor-based system to the real world. continuous range x(t) Analog and digital signals he bridge: Sampling heorem Conversion concepts Conversion
ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTERS
LB no.. SYNCHONOUS COUNTES. Introduction Counters are sequential logic circuits that counts the pulses applied at their clock input. They usually have 4 bits, delivering at the outputs the corresponding
A Lesson on Digital Clocks, One Shots and Counters
A Lesson on Digital Clocks, One Shots and Counters Topics Clocks & Oscillators LM 555 Timer IC Crystal Oscillators Selection of Variable Resistors Schmitt Gates Power-On Reset Circuits One Shots Counters
DIGITAL-TO-ANALOGUE AND ANALOGUE-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION
DIGITAL-TO-ANALOGUE AND ANALOGUE-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION Introduction The outputs from sensors and communications receivers are analogue signals that have continuously varying amplitudes. In many systems
EE 42/100 Lecture 24: Latches and Flip Flops. Rev B 4/21/2010 (2:04 PM) Prof. Ali M. Niknejad
A. M. Niknejad University of California, Berkeley EE 100 / 42 Lecture 24 p. 1/20 EE 42/100 Lecture 24: Latches and Flip Flops ELECTRONICS Rev B 4/21/2010 (2:04 PM) Prof. Ali M. Niknejad University of California,
A Lesson on Digital Clocks, One Shots and Counters
A Lesson on Digital Clocks, One Shots and Counters Topics Clocks & Oscillators LM 555 Timer IC Crystal Oscillators Selection of Variable Resistors Schmitt Gates Power-On Reset Circuits One Shots Counters
Counters & Shift Registers Chapter 8 of R.P Jain
Chapter 3 Counters & Shift Registers Chapter 8 of R.P Jain Counters & Shift Registers Counters, Syllabus Design of Modulo-N ripple counter, Up-Down counter, design of synchronous counters with and without
The components. E3: Digital electronics. Goals:
E3: Digital electronics Goals: Basic understanding of logic circuits. Become familiar with the most common digital components and their use. Equipment: 1 st. LED bridge 1 st. 7-segment display. 2 st. IC
Part 1. MAX 525 12BIT DAC with an Arduino Board. MIDI to Voltage Converter Part1
MIDI to Voltage Converter Part 1 MAX 525 12BIT DAC with an Arduino Board 1 What you need: 2 What you need : Arduino Board (Arduino Mega 2560) 3 What you need : Arduino Board (Arduino Mega 2560) Digital
Chapter 9 Latches, Flip-Flops, and Timers
ETEC 23 Programmable Logic Devices Chapter 9 Latches, Flip-Flops, and Timers Shawnee State University Department of Industrial and Engineering Technologies Copyright 27 by Janna B. Gallaher Latches A temporary
Digital Logic Design Sequential circuits
Digital Logic Design Sequential circuits Dr. Eng. Ahmed H. Madian E-mail: ahmed.madian@guc.edu.eg Dr. Eng. Rania.Swief E-mail: rania.swief@guc.edu.eg Dr. Eng. Ahmed H. Madian Registers An n-bit register
DIGITAL COUNTERS. Q B Q A = 00 initially. Q B Q A = 01 after the first clock pulse.
DIGITAL COUNTERS http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_logical_organization/digital_counters.htm Copyright tutorialspoint.com Counter is a sequential circuit. A digital circuit which is used for a counting
Module 3: Floyd, Digital Fundamental
Module 3: Lecturer : Yongsheng Gao Room : Tech - 3.25 Email : yongsheng.gao@griffith.edu.au Structure : 6 lectures 1 Tutorial Assessment: 1 Laboratory (5%) 1 Test (20%) Textbook : Floyd, Digital Fundamental
BINARY CODED DECIMAL: B.C.D.
BINARY CODED DECIMAL: B.C.D. ANOTHER METHOD TO REPRESENT DECIMAL NUMBERS USEFUL BECAUSE MANY DIGITAL DEVICES PROCESS + DISPLAY NUMBERS IN TENS IN BCD EACH NUMBER IS DEFINED BY A BINARY CODE OF 4 BITS.
Chapter 8. Sequential Circuits for Registers and Counters
Chapter 8 Sequential Circuits for Registers and Counters Lesson 3 COUNTERS Ch16L3- "Digital Principles and Design", Raj Kamal, Pearson Education, 2006 2 Outline Counters T-FF Basic Counting element State
Evaluating AC Current Sensor Options for Power Delivery Systems
Evaluating AC Current Sensor Options for Power Delivery Systems State-of-the-art isolated ac current sensors based on CMOS technology can increase efficiency, performance and reliability compared to legacy
Experiment # 9. Clock generator circuits & Counters. Eng. Waleed Y. Mousa
Experiment # 9 Clock generator circuits & Counters Eng. Waleed Y. Mousa 1. Objectives: 1. Understanding the principles and construction of Clock generator. 2. To be familiar with clock pulse generation
COMBINATIONAL and SEQUENTIAL LOGIC CIRCUITS Hardware implementation and software design
PH-315 COMINATIONAL and SEUENTIAL LOGIC CIRCUITS Hardware implementation and software design A La Rosa I PURPOSE: To familiarize with combinational and sequential logic circuits Combinational circuits
Content Map For Career & Technology
Content Strand: Applied Academics CT-ET1-1 analysis of electronic A. Fractions and decimals B. Powers of 10 and engineering notation C. Formula based problem solutions D. Powers and roots E. Linear equations
Wiki Lab Book. This week is practice for wiki usage during the project.
Wiki Lab Book Use a wiki as a lab book. Wikis are excellent tools for collaborative work (i.e. where you need to efficiently share lots of information and files with multiple people). This week is practice
1.1 Silicon on Insulator a brief Introduction
Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements Chapter 1: Overview 1.1 Silicon on Insulator a brief Introduction 1.2 Circuits and SOI 1.3 Technology and SOI Chapter 2: SOI Materials 2.1 Silicon on Heteroepitaxial
ANALOG & DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
ANALOG & DIGITAL ELECTRONICS Course Instructor: Course No: PH-218 3-1-0-8 Dr. A.P. Vajpeyi E-mail: apvajpeyi@iitg.ernet.in Room No: #305 Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. 6.002 Electronic Circuits Spring 2007
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.002 Electronic Circuits Spring 2007 Lab 4: Audio Playback System Introduction In this lab, you will construct,
Microcomputers. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion
Microcomputers Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion 1 Digital Signal Processing Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) converts an input analog value to an output digital representation. This
CHAPTER 11: Flip Flops
CHAPTER 11: Flip Flops In this chapter, you will be building the part of the circuit that controls the command sequencing. The required circuit must operate the counter and the memory chip. When the teach
LM 358 Op Amp. If you have small signals and need a more useful reading we could amplify it using the op amp, this is commonly used in sensors.
LM 358 Op Amp S k i l l L e v e l : I n t e r m e d i a t e OVERVIEW The LM 358 is a duel single supply operational amplifier. As it is a single supply it eliminates the need for a duel power supply, thus
ARRL Morse Code Oscillator, How It Works By: Mark Spencer, WA8SME
The national association for AMATEUR RADIO ARRL Morse Code Oscillator, How It Works By: Mark Spencer, WA8SME This supplement is intended for use with the ARRL Morse Code Oscillator kit, sold separately.
Having read this workbook you should be able to: recognise the arrangement of NAND gates used to form an S-R flip-flop.
Objectives Having read this workbook you should be able to: recognise the arrangement of NAND gates used to form an S-R flip-flop. describe how such a flip-flop can be SET and RESET. describe the disadvantage
Digital Fundamentals. Lab 8 Asynchronous Counter Applications
Richland College Engineering Technology Rev. 0 B. Donham Rev. 1 (7/2003). Horne Rev. 2 (1/2008). Bradbury Digital Fundamentals CETT 1425 Lab 8 Asynchronous Counter Applications Name: Date: Objectives:
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS. Counters. By: Electrical Engineering Department
Counters By: Electrical Engineering Department 1 Counters Upon completion of the chapter, students should be able to:.1 Understand the basic concepts of asynchronous counter and synchronous counters, and
Layout of Multiple Cells
Layout of Multiple Cells Beyond the primitive tier primitives add instances of primitives add additional transistors if necessary add substrate/well contacts (plugs) add additional polygons where needed
Fig1-1 2-bit asynchronous counter
Digital electronics 1-Sequential circuit counters Such a group of flip- flops is a counter. The number of flip-flops used and the way in which they are connected determine the number of states and also
Indirect X-ray photon counting image sensor with 27T pixels and 15 electrons RMS accurate threshold
Indirect X-ray photon counting image sensor with 27T pixels and 15 electrons RMS accurate threshold B. Dierickx 1,2, B. Dupont 1,3, A. Defernez 1, N. Ahmed 1 1 Caeleste, Antwerp, Belgium 2 Vrije Universiteit
A Digital Timer Implementation using 7 Segment Displays
A Digital Timer Implementation using 7 Segment Displays Group Members: Tiffany Sham u2548168 Michael Couchman u4111670 Simon Oseineks u2566139 Caitlyn Young u4233209 Subject: ENGN3227 - Analogue Electronics
12-Bit Serial Daisy-Chain CMOS D/A Converter DAC8143
a FEATURES Fast, Flexible, Microprocessor Interfacing in Serially Controlled Systems Buffered Digital Output Pin for Daisy-Chaining Multiple DACs Minimizes Address-Decoding in Multiple DAC Systems Three-Wire
Diode Applications. by Kenneth A. Kuhn Sept. 1, 2008. This note illustrates some common applications of diodes.
by Kenneth A. Kuhn Sept. 1, 2008 This note illustrates some common applications of diodes. Power supply applications A common application for diodes is converting AC to DC. Although half-wave rectification
Systematic Design for a Successive Approximation ADC
Systematic Design for a Successive Approximation ADC Mootaz M. ALLAM M.Sc Cairo University - Egypt Supervisors Prof. Amr Badawi Dr. Mohamed Dessouky 2 Outline Background Principles of Operation System
Analog Signal Conditioning
Analog Signal Conditioning Analog and Digital Electronics Electronics Digital Electronics Analog Electronics 2 Analog Electronics Analog Electronics Operational Amplifiers Transistors TRIAC 741 LF351 TL084
UC3842/UC3843/UC3844/UC3845
SMPS Controller www.fairchildsemi.com Features Low Start up Current Maximum Duty Clamp UVLO With Hysteresis Operating Frequency up to 500KHz Description The UC3842/UC3843/UC3844/UC3845 are fixed frequencycurrent-mode
ADC0808/ADC0809 8-Bit µp Compatible A/D Converters with 8-Channel Multiplexer
ADC0808/ADC0809 8-Bit µp Compatible A/D Converters with 8-Channel Multiplexer General Description The ADC0808, ADC0809 data acquisition component is a monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit analog-to-digital
Supply voltage Supervisor TL77xx Series. Author: Eilhard Haseloff
Supply voltage Supervisor TL77xx Series Author: Eilhard Haseloff Literature Number: SLVAE04 March 1997 i IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments (TI) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to
Chapter 12. Data Converters. à Read Section 19 of the Data Sheet for PIC18F46K20. Updated: 4/19/15
Chapter 12 Data Converters à Read Section 19 of the Data Sheet for PIC18F46K20 Updated: 4/19/15 Data Converters: Basic Concepts Analog signals are continuous, with infinite values in a given range. Digital
PLL frequency synthesizer
ANALOG & TELECOMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS LABORATORY EXERCISE 4 Lab 4: PLL frequency synthesizer 1.1 Goal The goals of this lab exercise are: - Verify the behavior of a and of a complete PLL - Find capture
CHAPTER IX REGISTER BLOCKS COUNTERS, SHIFT, AND ROTATE REGISTERS
CHAPTER IX-1 CHAPTER IX CHAPTER IX COUNTERS, SHIFT, AN ROTATE REGISTERS REA PAGES 249-275 FROM MANO AN KIME CHAPTER IX-2 INTROUCTION -INTROUCTION Like combinational building blocks, we can also develop
PCM Encoding and Decoding:
PCM Encoding and Decoding: Aim: Introduction to PCM encoding and decoding. Introduction: PCM Encoding: The input to the PCM ENCODER module is an analog message. This must be constrained to a defined bandwidth
Signal Conversion. David J. Beebe
3 Signal Conversion David J. Beebe The power of the computer to analyze and visually represent biomedical signals is of little use if the analog biomedical signal cannot be accurately captured and converted
DATA SHEETS DE COMPONENTES DA FAMÍLIA LÓGICA TTL GATES AND INVERTERS POSITIVES NAND GATES AND INVERTERS DESCRIÇÃO
GATES AND INVERTERS POSITIVES NAND GATES AND INVERTERS Hex Invertes 74LS04 Quadruple 2 Inputs Gates 74LS00 Triple 3 Inputs Gates 74LS10 Dual 4 Inputs Gates 74LS20 8 Inputs Gates 74LS30 13 Inputs Gates
Single-Stage High Power Factor Flyback for LED Lighting
Application Note Stockton Wu AN012 May 2014 Single-Stage High Power Factor Flyback for LED Lighting Abstract The application note illustrates how the single-stage high power factor flyback converter uses
Op Amp Circuit Collection
Op Amp Circuit Collection Note: National Semiconductor recommends replacing 2N2920 and 2N3728 matched pairs with LM394 in all application circuits. Section 1 Basic Circuits Inverting Amplifier Difference
A 1-GSPS CMOS Flash A/D Converter for System-on-Chip Applications
A -GSPS CMOS Flash A/D Converter for System-on-Chip Applications Jincheol Yoo, Kyusun Choi, and Ali Tangel Department of Computer Science & Department of Computer & Engineering Communications Engineering
RAM & ROM Based Digital Design. ECE 152A Winter 2012
RAM & ROM Based Digital Design ECE 152A Winter 212 Reading Assignment Brown and Vranesic 1 Digital System Design 1.1 Building Block Circuits 1.1.3 Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) 1.1.4 SRAM Blocks in
Chapter 6: From Digital-to-Analog and Back Again
Chapter 6: From Digital-to-Analog and Back Again Overview Often the information you want to capture in an experiment originates in the laboratory as an analog voltage or a current. Sometimes you want to
Sequential Logic: Clocks, Registers, etc.
ENEE 245: igital Circuits & Systems Lab Lab 2 : Clocks, Registers, etc. ENEE 245: igital Circuits and Systems Laboratory Lab 2 Objectives The objectives of this laboratory are the following: To design
Memory Elements. Combinational logic cannot remember
Memory Elements Combinational logic cannot remember Output logic values are function of inputs only Feedback is needed to be able to remember a logic value Memory elements are needed in most digital logic
Standart TTL, Serie 74... Art.Gruppe 13.15. 1...
Standart TTL, Serie 74... Art.Gruppe 13.15. 1... Standart TTL, Serie 74... 7400 Quad 2-Input Nand Gate (TP) DIL14 7402 Quad 2 Input Nor Gate (TP) DIL14 7403 Quad 2 Input Nand Gate (OC) DIL14 7404 Hex Inverter
Master/Slave Flip Flops
Master/Slave Flip Flops Page 1 A Master/Slave Flip Flop ( Type) Gated latch(master) Gated latch (slave) 1 Gate Gate GATE Either: The master is loading (the master in on) or The slave is loading (the slave
Tire pressure monitoring
Application Note AN601 Tire pressure monitoring 1 Purpose This document is intended to give hints on how to use the Intersema pressure sensors in a low cost tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS). 2 Introduction
Transmission Gate Characteristics
Transmission Gate Characteristics enb in outp (6/2) (6/2) outn 1G out en Figure 1. Transmission Gate Circuit for Simulation. The transmissionn gate is on when en=5v and enb=0v, assuming the bulk of PMOS
DS1621 Digital Thermometer and Thermostat
Digital Thermometer and Thermostat www.dalsemi.com FEATURES Temperature measurements require no external components Measures temperatures from 55 C to +125 C in 0.5 C increments. Fahrenheit equivalent
Digital Logic Elements, Clock, and Memory Elements
Physics 333 Experiment #9 Fall 999 Digital Logic Elements, Clock, and Memory Elements Purpose This experiment introduces the fundamental circuit elements of digital electronics. These include a basic set
3-Phase DC Brushless Motor Pre-Drivers Technical Information NJM2625A
3Phase DC Brushless Motor PreDrivers 1.FEATURE NJM2625 is a controller and predriver for speed control 3phase blushless DC motor. The device provides the proper sequencing of 3phase drive output with external
css Custom Silicon Solutions, Inc.
css Custom Silicon Solutions, Inc. GENERAL PART DESCRIPTION The is a micropower version of the popular timer IC. It features an operating current under µa and a minimum supply voltage of., making it ideal
MAS.836 HOW TO BIAS AN OP-AMP
MAS.836 HOW TO BIAS AN OP-AMP Op-Amp Circuits: Bias, in an electronic circuit, describes the steady state operating characteristics with no signal being applied. In an op-amp circuit, the operating characteristic
Counters. Present State Next State A B A B 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
ounter ounters ounters are a specific type of sequential circuit. Like registers, the state, or the flip-flop values themselves, serves as the output. The output value increases by one on each clock cycle.
Programmable Single-/Dual-/Triple- Tone Gong SAE 800
Programmable Single-/Dual-/Triple- Tone Gong Preliminary Data SAE 800 Bipolar IC Features Supply voltage range 2.8 V to 18 V Few external components (no electrolytic capacitor) 1 tone, 2 tones, 3 tones
Asynchronous Counters. Asynchronous Counters
Counters and State Machine Design November 25 Asynchronous Counters ENGI 25 ELEC 24 Asynchronous Counters The term Asynchronous refers to events that do not occur at the same time With respect to counter
1. Learn about the 555 timer integrated circuit and applications 2. Apply the 555 timer to build an infrared (IR) transmitter and receiver
Electronics Exercise 2: The 555 Timer and its Applications Mechatronics Instructional Laboratory Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Lab Director: I. Charles Ume,
Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico Recinto de Bayamón Escuela de Ingeniería Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica
Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico Recinto de Bayamón Escuela de Ingeniería Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica Inventario de Materiales Edificio: Escuela de Ingeniería Oficina o Salón: G-221 Descripción(Circuitos
Lecture 250 Measurement and Simulation of Op amps (3/28/10) Page 250-1
Lecture 5 Measurement and Simulation of Op amps (/8/) Page 5 LECTURE 5 SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT OF OP AMPS LECTURE ORGANIZATION Outline Introduction Open Loop Gain CMRR and PSRR A general method of measuring
Contents COUNTER. Unit III- Counters
COUNTER Contents COUNTER...1 Frequency Division...2 Divide-by-2 Counter... 3 Toggle Flip-Flop...3 Frequency Division using Toggle Flip-flops...5 Truth Table for a 3-bit Asynchronous Up Counter...6 Modulo
Dr. Julio R. García Villarreal San José State University San José, California - USA VEE -18V VCC 18V. 22kOhm R6 R1 RTD VPROCESS VARIABLE
1 VCC 18V VEE -18V R1 RTD VPROCESS VARIABLE 220 Ohm R2 50% 22kOhm R4 22kOhm R5 8.5V Key = A 10kOhm R3 TEMP. ADJUST 22kOhm R6 U1A LF444 22kOhm R7 U1B LF444 (R9 ADJUSTED TO 710 ohms) DEADBAND ADJUST 22kOhm
24-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) for Weigh Scales FEATURES S8550 VFB. Analog Supply Regulator. Input MUX. 24-bit Σ ADC. PGA Gain = 32, 64, 128
24-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) for Weigh Scales DESCRIPTION Based on Avia Semiconductor s patented technology, HX711 is a precision 24-bit analogto-digital converter (ADC) designed for weigh
Lab Unit 4: Oscillators, Timing and the Phase Locked Loop
Chemistry 8 University of WisconsinMadison Lab Unit : Oscillators, Timing and the Phase Locked Loop Oscillators and timing circuits are very widely used in electronic measurement instrumentation. In this
12-Bit, 4-Channel Parallel Output Sampling ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER
For most current data sheet and other product information, visit www.burr-brown.com 12-Bit, 4-Channel Parallel Output Sampling ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER FEATURES SINGLE SUPPLY: 2.7V to 5V 4-CHANNEL INPUT
AMIS-52150. Low power Transceiver with Clock and Data Recovery
AMIS-52150 Low power Transceiver with Clock and Data Recovery Introduction The AMIS 52150 is a cost-effective, ultra-low power single-chip wireless transceiver. It combines the proven Amplitude Shift Key/On-Off
LM139/LM239/LM339/LM2901/LM3302 Low Power Low Offset Voltage Quad Comparators
Low Power Low Offset Voltage Quad Comparators General Description The LM139 series consists of four independent precision voltage comparators with an offset voltage specification as low as 2 mv max for
Flip-Flops and Sequential Circuit Design. ECE 152A Winter 2012
Flip-Flops and Sequential Circuit Design ECE 52 Winter 22 Reading ssignment Brown and Vranesic 7 Flip-Flops, Registers, Counters and a Simple Processor 7.5 T Flip-Flop 7.5. Configurable Flip-Flops 7.6
Flip-Flops and Sequential Circuit Design
Flip-Flops and Sequential Circuit Design ECE 52 Winter 22 Reading ssignment Brown and Vranesic 7 Flip-Flops, Registers, Counters and a Simple Processor 7.5 T Flip-Flop 7.5. Configurable Flip-Flops 7.6
Digital Systems Based on Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering/Rizzoni (McGraw Hill
Digital Systems Based on Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering/Rizzoni (McGraw Hill Objectives: Analyze the operation of sequential logic circuits. Understand the operation of digital counters.
Using Arduino Microcontrollers to Sense DC Motor Speed and Position
ECE480 Design Team 3 Using Arduino Microcontrollers to Sense DC Motor Speed and Position Tom Manner April 4, 2011 page 1 of 7 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------
STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPARATORS
STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPARATORS A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Technology In Electronics and Communication Engineering
AC/DC Power Supply Reference Design. Advanced SMPS Applications using the dspic DSC SMPS Family
AC/DC Power Supply Reference Design Advanced SMPS Applications using the dspic DSC SMPS Family dspic30f SMPS Family Excellent for Digital Power Conversion Internal hi-res PWM Internal high speed ADC Internal
Ultrasound Distance Measurement
Final Project Report E3390 Electronic Circuits Design Lab Ultrasound Distance Measurement Yiting Feng Izel Niyage Asif Quyyum Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science
Design Project: Power inverter
Design Project: Power inverter This worksheet and all related files are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, version 1.0. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/,
DS2187 Receive Line Interface
Receive Line Interface www.dalsemi.com FEATURES Line interface for T1 (1.544 MHz) and CEPT (2.048 MHz) primary rate networks Extracts clock and data from twisted pair or coax Meets requirements of PUB
A simple RF/Microwave frequency counter
Matjaz Vidmar, S53MV A simple RF/Microwave frequency counter I decided to design a simple, easily reproducible counter around a PIC 16F876A. The basic counter range is extended to at least 180MHz using
A/D Converter based on Binary Search Algorithm
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Politecnico di Torino Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble Master s degree in Micro and Nano Technologies for Integrated Systems Master s Thesis A/D Converter