Doubles Facts Objective To review and provide practice for doubles facts.

Transcription

1 Doubles Facts Objective To review and provide practice for doubles facts. epresentations etoolkit Algorithms Practice EM Facts Workshop Game Family Letters Assessment Management Common Core State Standards Curriculum Focal Points Interactive Teacher s Lesson Guide Teaching the Lesson Ongoing Learning & Practice Differentiation Options Key Concepts and Skills Use the Addition/Subtraction Fact Table to practice facts. [Operations and Computation Goal ] Solve facts involving doubles. [Operations and Computation Goal ] Identify patterns in the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table. [Patterns, Functions, and Algebra Goal ] Key Activities Children write and practice doubles facts and almost doubles facts, and review using the Addition/Subtraction Facts Table to identify + and doubles patterns. Ongoing Assessment: Informing Instruction See page. Key Vocabulary doubles facts sum Facts Table row column diagonal Materials Math Journal, pp. Home Link Math Masters, p. (optional) transparency of Math Masters, p. (optional) per partnership: each of number cards, calculator slate Class Facts Table Playing Doubles or Nothing Math Masters, p. per partnership: each of number cards (from the Everything Math Deck, if available) calculator Children practice their recall of addition facts with emphasis on adding doubles. Math Boxes Math Journal, p. Children practice and maintain skills through Math Box problems. Ongoing Assessment: Recognizing Student Achievement Use Math Boxes, Problem. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Home Link Math Masters, p. Children practice and maintain skills through Home Link activities. READINESS Representing Doubles pennies and/or cubes penny stamp Children practice doubles addition facts by using pennies and/or cubes. ENRICHMENT Finding Patterns in the Facts Table Math Masters, p. colored pencil Children work in small groups to identify and explain patterns in the Facts Table. EXTRA PRACTICE Finding Doubles in Literature Two of Everything: A Chinese Folktale Children write doubles facts. ELL SUPPORT Building a Math Word Bank Differentiation Handbook, p. Children add the term sum to their Math Word Banks. Advance Preparation Prepare a large class Facts Table like the one on journal page, using one of the following options: draw the table on the Class Data Pad or chart paper; tape together copies of Math Masters, page and fill in the facts; make an overhead transparency of Math Masters, page. Before the lesson, draw a unit box on the board and fill it in with a label of your choice. Use the unit box and label for all the numbers that are not labeled in this lesson. For the optional Extra Practice activity in Part, obtain a copy of Two of Everything: A Chinese Folktale by Lily Toy Hong (Albert Whitman & Company, ). Teacher s Reference Manual, Grades pp. Lesson

2 Getting Started Mental Math and Reflexes Pose easy addition facts. Have children answer orally. Suggestions: + =?? + = + =? +? = + =? + =?? = + + =? + =? + =? Math Message Write + = and + = on your slate. Write any other doubles facts that you know. What patterns do you notice? Home Link Follow-Up Briefly review the answers. Tell children that the mouse can only go through boxes with a sum of to find the cheese. Ask children to draw the mouse s path. The mouse can move up, down, left, right, or diagonally. Ask a volunteer to display the page. Children can find the path more easily if they first color in each box that has the sum of. Teaching the Lesson NOTE Remember to reserve time every day to complete the number-line, attendance, calendar, temperature, and weather daily routines. See Daily Routines on page xxxv of this book and Teacher s Reference Manual, pages. Math Message Follow-Up Ask children to share their doubles facts as you write them on the board. Skip duplicates. Have children share patterns that they notice about the doubles facts. If no one mentions it, point out that the answers to all the doubles facts are even numbers. Do not erase the board after finishing the follow-up. You will use these doubles facts for the Reviewing the Doubles Facts activity on page. Date Addition/Subtraction Facts Table, Reviewing the Meaning of Sum DISCUSSION Remind children that the number obtained by adding two or more numbers is called the sum. Encourage children to use the word sum. For example, if a child says, The answer to + is, you might say, Yes. You are adding numbers, so the answer is called the sum. Another way to say it is, The sum of and is. Reviewing the Facts Table (Math Journal, p. ; Math Masters, p. or ) PROBLEM SOLVING Use the class Facts Table to review the meanings of row, column, and diagonal. (See Advance Preparation.) As you explain these terms, have children follow along on the table on journal page. Then have children use the table to find the sums for several addition facts. Math Journal, p. Unit Addition and Subtraction Facts

3 Adjusting the Activity Have children make a visual vocabulary reminder at the bottom of the journal page. Consider putting the example below on the board for children to copy: ROW C D O I L A U G M N O N A L ELL Name Date Grid Paper Teaching Aid Master A U D I T O R Y K I N E S T H E T I C T A C T I L E V I S U A L Ongoing Assessment: Informing Instruction Some children may have difficulty locating the cell where a row and column intersect. Suggest that they use a blank sheet of paper with an arrow drawn in the lower right hand corner as pictured to highlight the row and column of interest. To find +, say: Find the row. Go across the row to the column. The number where the row and the column meet is. This tells you that + =. The sum is. By exploring patterns in the Facts Table, children will accelerate their mastery of facts. Ask children to find the + facts in the Facts Table. The + facts appear in the top uncolored row and in the left uncolored column of the table. Have children use their pencils to lightly shade the + facts. See whether they can identify the pattern for + facts in the table. Sample answer: The sums increase by as you move across the row from left to right. The sums increase by as you move down the column. Links to the Future Notice that finding the sum of two numbers on the Facts Table is similar to locating a point on a coordinate grid using ordered pairs. This skill helps prepare children for using ordered pairs to find points on a coordinate grid, a Grade Goal. Reviewing the Doubles Facts (Math Journal, p. ) Use the Facts Table to verify the doubles facts that you wrote on the board during the Math Message Follow-Up. Ask children to examine the table to find any doubles facts that they may have overlooked. Have them lightly shade all of the doubles facts on the Facts Table with a pencil. Ask them to identify the pattern for doubles on the table. Doubles facts form a diagonal pattern from top left to bottom right. The sums increase by as you move down diagonally. All the sums are even numbers. Math Masters, p. Name Date Facts Table, Teaching Aid Master Math Masters, p. Lesson

4 Date Domino-Dot Patterns Draw the missing dots on the dominoes. Find the total number on both halves.. double. double. double. double. double. double. double. double Find the total number of dots..... Practicing Doubles Facts and Almost-Doubles Facts (Math Journal, p. ) INDEPENDENT Children practice doubles facts by exploring domino patterns. Problems through illustrate how knowing doubles facts can help with almost-doubles facts. This is revisited in Lesson -. Example: For + =?: Think +, and more. ; Demonstrating Doubles or Nothing (Math Journal, p. ) PARTNER Children have an opportunity to develop their recall of addition facts with emphasis on doubles facts. Each child uses journal page as his or her record sheet. Each partnership uses number cards. Math Journal, p. Example: Deb s sums for one round of play are:,,,,, and. There are two pairs of repeat sums: and, and and. Deb chooses the sevens. The doubles fact is +. Deb s score for the round is. Ellen s sums for one round of play are:,,,,, and. There is one repeat sum. The doubles fact is +. Ellen s score for the round is. Date Doubles or Nothing Record Sheet Total Round Directions. Shuffle the cards. Place the deck number-side down on the playing surface.. Take the top card from the pile. Write the number that appears on it in one of the squares for Round on your record sheet.. Take turns, continuing until all four squares are filled.. Add the numbers in the squares across each row, down each column, and along each diagonal.. Look for pairs of identical sums. Circle one pair and make it into a doubles fact.. Record the doubles fact sum as the round total. If there are no pairs, the round total is zero.. Use a calculator to find the final score by adding all the round totals. The higher total wins. (See the example in the margin.) See children s work. Round Total Ongoing Learning & Practice Total Round Playing Doubles or Nothing (Math Masters, p. ) Math Journal, p. Grand Total Children continue playing Doubles or Nothing to develop their recall of addition facts with emphasis on doubles facts. Children can use a copy of Math Masters, page as a record sheet. This page is the same as journal page. Unit Addition and Subtraction Facts

5 Math Boxes (Math Journal, p. ) INDEPENDENT Mixed Practice Math Boxes in this lesson are paired with Math Boxes in Lesson -. The skill in Problem previews Unit content. Writing/Reasoning Have children draw, write, or verbalize their answers to the following: How did you know what symbol to put in each blank in Problem? I added the numbers on each side, then I looked for the bigger number. I put the open side by the bigger number. If they were the same I put =. Ongoing Assessment: Recognizing Student Achievement Math Boxes Problem Use Math Boxes, Problem to assess children s understanding of counting back by s. Children are making adequate progress if they successfully count back to. Some children may be able to continue past. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Date Math Boxes. Julie had crayons. Rosa gave her more crayons. How many crayons in all? Unit crayons Number model:. Count back by s.,,,,,,,, Can you keep going?,,. Draw the hands to show :. crayons Math Journal, p.. Use your calculator. Show. Broken key is. Show ways: Sample answers:. Write,, or. +. Kyra has dimes and nickels in her left pocket. She has quarter and pennies in her right pocket. How much money does she have? [can Home Link (Math Masters, p. ) INDEPENDENT Home Connection Children practice the doubles facts and use doubles facts to find the answers to almostdoubles facts. Differentiation Options READINESS Representing Doubles Min To explore doubles using a concrete model, have children use pennies and/or cubes to model doubles facts. Children select a particular number of pennies and then make another group of the same number of pennies. Write the number model to represent these groups on a sheet of paper. Have children use a penny stamp to design a picture to go with a doubles number model. Name Date HOME LINK Doubles Facts Family Note Home Link Master Today we worked with an Addition/Subtraction Facts Table and dominoes to practice with a special kind of addition problem called doubles facts.,, and are examples of doubles facts. We also worked with almost-doubles facts, such as,, and. Review doubles facts and almost-doubles facts with your child. Please return this Home Link to school tomorrow.. Write the sum for each doubles fact. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.. Ask someone to give you doubles facts. You say the sums. Do this for about minutes or until you know all the doubles facts.. Write each sum. Use doubles facts to help you. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Math Masters, p. Lesson

6 ENRICHMENT Finding Patterns in the Facts Table (Math Masters, p. ) Min To further explore patterns in the Facts Table, have children identify and color patterns they see. Children work in small groups on Math Masters, page. When they think they have found an interesting pattern, they should color the grid to show the pattern they have found. At the bottom of Math Masters, page, consider having children describe in numbers or words the pattern they have colored. When groups are finished, have children share their results. Encourage the use of words like row, column, diagonal, and add. Possible patterns: Each number is less than the number to its right and more than the number to its left. Each number is less than the number below it. After the first row, each number is more than the number above it. On the diagonal from top left to bottom right, the numbers increase by as you move down the diagonal. On the diagonal from top right to bottom left, the numbers are the same. EXTRA PRACTICE Finding Doubles In Literature Min Literature Link Read the following book to groups of children, or have the children read the book themselves. Two of Everything: A Chinese Folktale by Lily Toy Hong (Albert Whitman & Company, ) Summary: Doubles facts are illustrated in the story of a brass pot that doubles whatever is put into it. Children can write a doubles fact for every item put into the pot. ELL SUPPORT Building a Math Word Bank (Differentiation Handbook, p. ) Min To provide language support for addition, have children use the Word Bank template found on Differentiation Handbook, page. Ask the children to write the term sum, draw a picture representing the term, and write other related words. See the Differentiation Handbook for more information. Unit Addition and Subtraction Facts