Human Body Review #2: Bone, Muscle, and Skin

Transcription

1 Name: Class: Date: Human Body Review #2: Bone, Muscle, and Skin Modified True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true. 1. The outermost layer of the skin is the epidermis. 2. The knee is an example of a ball-and-socket joint. 3. X-rays can show whether bones have been broken because X-rays are reflected by bone tissue. 4. To bend a joint, one muscle extends while another muscle returns to its original length. 5. The muscles that are under your control are called voluntary muscles. 6. The bones that make up your backbone are called tarsals. 7. Blood cells are produced in red bone marrow. 8. A well-balanced diet that includes the mineral calcium can help prevent osteoporosis. 1

2 Name: Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 9. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeleton? a. providing shape and support for the body b. obtaining oxygen c. protecting internal organs d. producing blood cells 10. The bones of the skeleton store minerals such as phosphorus and a. sodium. c. iron. b. calcium. d. potassium. 11. Much of a newborn baby s skeleton is made of a. hard bone. c. cartilage. b. soft bone. d. ligaments. 12. The spaces in bones are filled with a. blood. c. cartilage. b. water. d. marrow. 13. Which type of joint allows the greatest range of movement? a. pivot joint c. gliding joint b. hinge joint d. ball-and-socket joint 14. What kind of motion is possible with a hinge joint? a. rotating c. backward or forward b. sliding d. side to side 15. By eating dairy products, you are helping to maintain healthy bones because dairy products a. stimulate the growth of new bone. c. help form the canals in bone. b. enable nerve tissue to grow in bone. d. are good sources of calcium. 16. How does exercise help maintain healthy bones? a. by decreasing the need for calcium in the bones b. by decreasing the need for phosphorus in the bones c. by making bones grow stronger and denser d. by making bones produce stronger outer membranes 17. The injury in which a bone comes out of its joint is called a a. concussion. c. dislocation. b. fracture. d. sprain. 18. The images of bones appear in X-ray photographs because a. X-rays do not have enough energy to pass through soft tissues. b. X-rays are absorbed by bones, and the images of bones appear as white areas on the film. c. X-rays pass through bones, and strike the film beneath the bones. d. a computer produces the images. 2

3 Name: 19. Warming up before exercising helps prevent injury because a. it helps bones absorb calcium. b. it eliminates the need for wearing protective gear. c. it makes bones more flexible. d. it makes joints more flexible. 20. If you injure a bone or joint, you should not return to regular activity until a. arthroscopy has been performed. b. the pain and swelling have decreased. c. the injury has had time to heal. d. you have eaten a high-calcium diet for a few days. 21. Which type of muscle is found only in the heart? a. voluntary muscle c. smooth muscle b. cardiac muscle d. soft muscle 22. Which type of muscle tires quickly during exercise? a. smooth muscle c. skeletal muscle b. breathing muscle d. cardiac muscle 23. How do pairs of skeletal muscles work together? a. Both muscles contract at the same time. b. Both muscles extend at the same time. c. While one muscle in the pair contracts, the other returns to its original length. d. One muscle in the pair pulls on a bone, while the second muscle pulls on the first muscle. 24. Skeletal muscles must work in pairs because a. muscle cells can only contract. b. muscle cells can only extend. c. it takes two muscles to move a bone in one direction. d. when muscles work in pairs, they tire less quickly. 25. Exercise is important for muscles because it a. prevents muscles from becoming tired. b. helps maintain strength and flexibility. c. gives muscles more energy. d. prevents muscle injuries. 26. How does the skin protect the body from disease? a. by keeping disease-causing microorganisms outside the body b. by gathering information about the environment c. by increasing body temperature when it is cold d. by supplying water to the body through the pores 27. How does the skin help regulate body temperature? a. by removing wastes from the body b. by blocking information about the environment c. by enabling excess heat to escape from the body d. by allowing body temperature to change when the weather becomes warmer or cooler 3

4 Name: 28. Washing your skin helps prevent a. skin cancer. c. chapping. b. sunburn. d. acne. 29. When you drink plenty of water, you are helping to keep your skin healthy by a. preventing skin cancer. b. reducing the damage that the sun causes to skin. c. replacing water lost through perspiration. d. drowning bacteria that enter your body through the skin. 30. Nerves and blood vessels in the skin are located in the a. pores. c. epidermis. b. dermis. d. canals. 31. The living cells in the epidermis are located a. above the dead cells. c. in the fat layer. b. beneath the dead cells. d. only around hair follicles. 32. The bones that form the backbone are called a. vertebrae. c. tibia. b. metatarsals. d. carpals. 33. Beneath the outer membrane of bone there is a layer of a. blood vessels. c. spongy bone. b. canals. d. compact bone. 34. What is the best way to prevent osteoporosis? a. Exercise regularly and include calcium in your diet. b. Reduce exercise and add phosphorus to your diet. c. Eat more green vegetables and red meats. d. Get plenty of bedrest. 35. Which diagnostic method uses magnetism to find injuries to muscles and other soft tissues? a. arthroscopy c. X-rays b. fracture d. MRI 36. Which type of muscle controls digestion? a. involuntary muscle c. skeletal muscle b. voluntary muscle d. cardiac muscle 37. The pigment melanin in the skin functions to a. keep water within the skin. b. produce new living cells in the epidermis. c. help protect the skin from sunburn. d. surround and protect hair follicles. Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 38. The wrist is a type of movable joint known as a(n) joint. 4

5 Name: 39. One way to keep bones healthy is to get regular in the form of activities such as running. 40. Bones are strong and hard because they contain the minerals and phosphorus. 41. A(n) occurs when ligaments are stretched too far and tear in places. 42. One way to prevent bone and joint injuries is to warm up before to make the joints flexible. 43. The type of involuntary muscle that moves food through the digestive tract is called muscle. 44. Skeletal muscles work by, or becoming shorter and thicker. 45. The in skin provide information about such things as pressure and pain. 46. The protects the delicate tissue of the brain. 47. The layer of skin that contains nerves and blood vessels is the. 48. As an infant grows, hard bone replaces most of the that forms an infant s skeleton. 49. A muscle is attached to a bone by a connective tissue called a(n). 50. A colored substance called helps to protect the skin from burning. 51. Washing your skin can help prevent a bacterial infection of the skin called. 52. A kind of connective tissue called a(n) holds together the bones in movable joints. 53. The shape of the human body is different from the shape of a turtle s body because the shapes of the human and the turtle are different. 5

6 Human Body Review #2: Bone, Muscle, and Skin Answer Section MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE 1. T 2. F, hinge 3. F, absorbed 4. F, contracts 5. T 6. F, vertebrae 7. T 8. T MULTIPLE CHOICE 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. A 1

7 37. C COMPLETION 38. gliding 39. exercise 40. calcium 41. sprain 42. exercising 43. smooth 44. contracting 45. nerves 46. skull 47. dermis 48. cartilage 49. tendon 50. melanin 51. acne 52. ligament 53. skeletons 2