International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources- BSS Current Status-

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1 International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources- BSS Current Status- 5 th Asian Conference - NEA Tokyo, 3-4 September 2009 Trevor Boal Radiation Protection Unit Division for Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety Department of Nuclear Safety and Security International Atomic Energy Agency

2 Purpose of presentation 1. The current status of the revision of the BSS 2. To discuss how the current draft of the revised BSS deals with optimization process, using does constraints International Atomic Energy Agency

3 Paradigm to be maintained * * Fundamental Safety Principles Safety Fundamentals No. SF-1 Essential principles (moral obligation) 103 The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection * Effects of radiation Recommendations for protection Requirements for Radiation Safety (Basic Safety Standards) Essential requirements (legal obligation) Safety Requirements *indicative covers only No. RS-R-1

4 Hierarchy of Safety Standards Fundamentals Requirements underlying principles - aimed at politicians and regulatory authorities specify obligations and responsibilities ( shall statements) Guides recommendations to support requirements ( should statements)

5 General Information on Safety Standards General Safety Requirements Vol.1 Governmental and Regulatory Framework Vol.2 Leadership and Management for Safety Vol.3 Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources Structure of the Long Term Set of Safety Requirements Specific Safety Requirements 1. Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations 2. B. Safety Design of of Nuclear Power Plants 2.1 Design and Construction 2.2 Commissioning and Operation Vol.4 Safety Assessment Vol.5 Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste Vol.6 Decommissioning and Termination of Activities Vol.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response 3. Safety of Research Reactors 4. Safety of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities 5. Safety of Radioactive Waste Disposal Facilities 6. Safe Transport of Radioactive Material

6 General Information on Safety Standards Vision for the Safety Standards Complete, consistent, coherent, integrated and userfriendly safety series with a manageable number of publications Global Reference used worldwide by Member States to deliver a harmonized high level of safety for protecting people and the environment from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation Sustainable continuous improvement system through effective feedback from application of SSs

7 Basic Safety Standards Review and Revision Process review 2005/6 plan for revision Nov 2006 MEMBER STATES Committees & the Commission on Safety Standards + BSS Secretariat* revision approval Requirements for Radiation Safety (Basic Safety Standards) *participants include: FAO,, ILO, OECD/NEA, PAHO, WHO EC, UNEP, ICRP, IRPA Safety Requirements No. RS-R-1

8 BSS Secretariat Resolution GC(49)/RES/9A 2005 Review BSS Resolution GC(50)/RES/(10) 2006 Revision BSS coordinated by a secretariat Objectives: To support and facilitate the revision by ensuring that the interests, views and responsibilities of each cosponsoring organisation are fully taken into account To provide a forum for cosponsor organisations to inform each other of developments that may need to be taken into account To coordinate the approval process of the cosponsoring organisations for the revised BSS The secretariat has the overall responsibility for the revision of the BSS. The chairs meetings of cosponsoring organisations, which will generally be held in Vienna.

9 Basic Safety Standards BSS secretariat cosponsoring and potential cosponsoring organizations NEA ILO WHO PAHO* FAO* EC UNEP* *not on the picture Meeting January 2009, Vienna

10 Basic Safety Standards Guidance from RASSC and BSS Secretariat Retain BSS role as the international benchmark for radiation safety standards across all fields Recognize the need for stability in international standards; so be conservative and justify proposed changes Maintain close connection with ICRP Keep cosponsors (WHO, PAHO, ILO, NEA, etc) and all Safety Committees fully involved Seek and take note of feedback from Member States on current BSS Assist developing countries to participate.

11 Basic Safety Standards Structure of revised BSS Section 1: Introduction Section 2: General Requirements for Protection and Safety Section 3: Planned Exposure Situations Section 4: Emergency Exposure Situations Section 5: Existing Exposure Situations Schedules: Schedule I: Exemption and Clearance Schedule II: Categorization of Radioactive Sources Schedule III: Dose Limits for Planned Exposure Situations Schedule IV: Criteria for Use in Emergency Preparedness and Response Interface between safety and security is being reviewed by NSNS to assure a link with the security guidance

12 Basic Safety Standards Current Status Review by RASSC/WASSC in June 2009 of version 2.0 and agreement to start transforming in the new format Continuous work by the secretariat together with cosponsors on the new format document cosponsors meeting next week Review by RASSC/WASSC of the overarching requirements and associated conditions in Nov 2009 draft to be sent to RASSC on 1 October 2009 Submit to Member State for comment during Jan/Feb2010, in the new format, together with a document that tracks and justifies changes Continue to involve developing countries through regional workshops Outstanding issues: radon, safety-security interface

13 Basic Safety Standards draft 2.0 Optimization Section 2: General Requirements for Protection and Safety Each party with responsibilities for protection and safety is required to ensure that protection and safety are optimized.

14 Basic Safety Standards draft 2.0 Optimization Section 3: Planned Exposure Situations Generic Requirements Registrants and licensees are required to ensure that protection and safety is optimized, and that appropriate constraints are used. Requirements in relation to human imaging for for purpose other than medical diagnosis and treatment, require optimization subject to dose constraints Occupational Exposure Employers, registrants and licensees are required to ensure that occupational protection and safety are optimized. Employers, registrants and licensees are required to involve workers in optimization of protection and safety, and to use constraints as part of optimization process.

15 Basic Safety Standards draft 2.0 Optimization Section 3: Planned Exposure Situations Public exposure The regulatory body to establish or approve dose constraints for optimization of protection and safety, taking into account good practice and dose contribution from other practices. Registrants, licensees and suppliers to apply principle of optimization, taking into account good practice etc.,. Registrants and licensees to ensure that control of discharges is optimized. Medical exposure Registrants and licensees to ensure optimization process for medical exposures Diagnostic Reference Levels are a tool for optimization process Dose constraints used in optimization of protection and safety of carers and comforters Dose constraints used in optimization of protection and safety of volunteers in biomedical research

16 Basic Safety Standards draft 2.0 Optimization Section 4: Emergency Exposure Situations Emergency management system to provide for justified and optimized protection strategies, which will include reference levels set typically between 20 msv and 100 msv effective dose, expressed in terms of residual dose, and dose contributions from all exposure pathways. The protection strategy is to be optimized to reduce exposures below the reference level. In implementing the emergency response arrangements, the expected residual dose is compared with the applicable reference level, giving priority to those groups whose doses exceed the reference level.

17 Basic Safety Standards draft 2.0 Optimization Section 4: Existing Exposure Situations The appropriate authority to establish a strategy for managing an existing exposure situation shall ensure that it defines its objectives and appropriate reference levels. The reference levels are to be typically expressed as an annual effective dose to the representative person in the range 1 20 msv or other equivalent quantity, the actual value depending on the feasibility of controlling the situation and past experience in managing similar situations. Remedial and protective actions to be optimized, with priority shall be given to those groups of individuals whose residual dose exceeds the reference level and all reasonable steps shall be taken to avoid doses remaining above the reference levels.

18 Thank you for your attention