DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS
|
|
- Jonas Sanders
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS By Ronak Desai, System Design Engineer, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. This article will discuss the design of an ignition control used in Electrical Power Steering system of automobiles by using a microcontroller plus ASIC or microcontroller plus programmable logic SoC. Such a system receives the ignition input from the user and vehicle inputs through a CAN transceiver and drives the three-phase brushless automotive motor. Using available processing headroom, the MCU can also perform battery monitoring, temperature sensing, direct drive LED or LCD display with temperature, battery status, speed value, and distance and error/warning messages. This article discusses design techniques as well as design challenges for Ignition control in Electrical Power Steering system used in automotive application. The Ignition control in Electrical Power Steering system used in an automotive application includes below blocks: Backlight LCD Temperature Reading Speedometer Battery Status Fuel Status Distance Optional EEPROM Temperature Sensor Hall Effect Relay Drivers Vehicle Inputs CAN Transceiver Microcontroller Plus ASIC Signal Conditioning Inputs OR Obstacle sensor PSoC Gate Drivers Fuel sensor Battery Input DC/DC Converter Battery Charger Fuel Gauge Battery Protection Temperature Sesnsor Battery Management DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS Page 1 of 6 Published in EE Times Automotive ( Month 2011
2 Figure 1. Ignition control in Electrical Power Steering system Block diagram Microcontroller: An ultra-low power microcontroller is required for the operation as it is battery operated system. In addition to handling the ignition system, motor, and other system features, it can also be used for the central locking system as well as for communication with different external devices used in the vehicle. CAN Transceiver: The transceiver is used for receiving vehicle input and communicating it to the microcontroller. Steering motor: This is typically a brushless motor, either sensored (Hall Effect based) or sensorless. It needs to be reliable and efficient for an automotive application. Rechargeable Lead Acid/ Lithium Battery: A variety of battery types are used from lead-acid to lithium batteries. A rechargeable lead-acid battery is commonly used in automotive applications. Display: Typically an LCD display with backlight is used for showing temperature, battery input, speed value, and distance and ERROR/Warning messages. Keypad: Automotive applications typically use a mechanical button based keypad. Power management: This subsystem provides power to run functional blocks and oversees battery activity. The host microcontroller with comparators and discrete logic or internal programmable logic can be used to manage a lead-acid battery. It also provides safety and critical information about battery to the user. Ignition Systems Ignition systems used in the automotive industry are commonly 16- or 32-bit microcontrollers with ASIC-based circuitry for Ignition control. The PSoC family from Cypress, for example, provides an MCU plus programmable logic to control and manage the many functions and features within the automobile. Once the driver uses the ignition key to start the automobile, an input is sent to the microcontroller to start the three-phase brushless automotive motor. The microcontroller also receives the vehicle steering angle, monitors torque sensor and vehicle inputs signals from the user through the CAN transceiver, and moves the vehicle. PSoC MCUs implement driver circuitry in programmable logic to drive the three-phase brushless automotive motor at the speed required by the driver. The speed of the motor will be varying over time and be controlled as via acceleration brake sensor input from the driver. The microcontroller uses either internal or external serial EEPROM (I2C/SPI based) for storing data like distance readings. The MCU s RTC provides accurate time to be shown on the display. Temperature monitoring is done using an on-board RTD or thermistor-based temperature sensing device. Apart from Electrical Power Steering system, the MCU can use obstacle sensor to get information about nearby vehicles while parking, In addition, a fuel sensor provides information about how much fuel is in the engine. The MCU also monitors the battery input and displays its status on the LCD display. Relay driver circuitry is used to switch ON/OFF Brake light/ Head lights and aiming directional lights. DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS Page 2 of 6
3 The power supply subsystem consists of a rechargeable Lead Acid/ Lithium Battery as a power source. The subsystem also implements the battery charger. The battery input is down converted to a DC voltage for the microcontroller and other circuitry. Use of the ignition key enables and disables on board regulators. The power supply subsystem also implements protections mechanisms such as over-current, over-heating, and start-up fail condition. Power is also provided for charging external devices like cell phones. Implementation of an Ignition control system PSoC is a combination of a 32-bit microcontroller with programmable logic, high-performance analog-to-digital conversion capabilities, and commonly used fixed-function peripherals. It s ARM Cortex M3 microprocessor core offers Flash memory up to 256KB, SRAM up to 64KB, and internal EEPROM up to 2KB. The Ignition control system uses 6 on-board N-Channel MOSFETs and Gate driver circuitry to drive the three-phase brushless motor. An internal PWM, Clock, Multiplexer, and Comparators drive and control the three-phase brushless motor. The 16-bit PWM is used to drive the FET-based gate driver circuitry to control the motor. The duty cycle of the PWM is varied based upon the speed required as set by the system and driver. An internal PGA, Comparators, and 12-bit 1MSPS SAR ADC with sample-and-hold (S/H) capabilities is used to control the speed of the motor by varying the PWM duty cycle. It is also used to measure different sensor inputs like battery monitoring, low-cost temperature sensing using temperature sensing devices like thermistor or RTD, implementing an obstacle sensor, and fuel sensor. Because these capabilities are integrated into the MCU, no external amplifies o or comparators are required. In addition to the Electrical Power Steering system, the MCU running the ignition subsystem can directly drive the relay for the horn, Brake light/ Headlight, and Directional lights as well as direct drive the LCD display to displaying temperature readings, battery status, the vehicle speed, and distance and Error/ Warning messages. PSoC has operating rage of 1.71V to 5.5V so it can be easily interface with external peripherals for other applications. When using a rechargeable Lead Acid/ Lithium Battery as the power source, the input voltage is down converted by an onboard board step-down regulator. MCUs like PSoC support low operating voltages down to 1.71V and ultra low power operation achieves larger battery life. Using the PSoC Creator IDE tool, all the interface and logic can be designed within a single development environment. PSoC Creator provides a readily-available library of component blocks for designing interfaces and logic like SARADC and PGA for analog sensors and other inputs, as well as components like PWMs, CLK, MUX, and Comparators for the motor drive application. Components are also available for directly driving character and segment LCDs, operating a CAN protocol interface, a RTC component for real-time measurements, and an internal system clock that does not requires external clock/oscillator circuitry. PSoC Creator also enables customer to tap into an entire tools ecosystem with integrated compiler tool chains, RTOS solutions, and production programmers. With PSoC Creator, customer can create and share user-defined, custom peripherals using hierarchical schematic design. Customer can automatically place and route select components and integrate simple glue logic, normally located in discrete multiplexers. Overcurrent protection in an ignition control system is used to turn off the motor driving PWMs and thus stop the motor operation. PSoC has Comparator-based triggering of PWM Kill signals to quickly and reliably terminate motor-driving when an overcurrent condition is detected. The input to this block is from the bus current. The cut-off reference to this block is the maximum amount of the current that can be drawn by the motor. The Bus current input is given to the comparator and the cutoff reference is configurable and set by the DAC. The comparator output is set high if the bus current is less than the reference threshold. The comparator output is connected to the KILL signal input of the PWM. When this KILL input is high, the PWM output is turned off, thus preventing the motor from being damaged. The implementation of this complete block using PSoC creator components does not require any addition firmware to be written by the designer of the Ignition control system. Sensorless motor control A sensorless motor control system does not requires Hall sensors, instead, it uses ba ack-emf zero crossing detection technique to control the motor movement. When the motor rotates, each winding generates a voltage known as the back Electromotive Force (Back EMF) which opposes the main voltage supplied to the windings. Back EMF polarity is in the opposite direction of the voltage used for winding excitation and directly proportional to the motor speed. DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS Page 3 of 6
4 Figure 2. PSoC based Sensorless Motor control In the figure 2, back EMF signals from three phases terminate and the DC bus is scaled and routed to the MCU. The MCU switches the terminate input to the comparator using the MUX, and then compares it with the DC bus voltage. Cascaded digital logic filters out the PWM signal to get the real zero-crossing signal. The microcontroller will decide the commutation according to this information. An optional current control will be applied to the PWM output control to regulate the motor current. This inner loop is based on a comparator; and the feedback bus current will be compared with the reference current value that is provided by a 12-bit DAC. Changing the DAC output will modify the output current value. Sensor-based (HALL effect) motor control A sensor-based brushless motor control uses a Hall sensor input to detect rotor position and thus control the motor movement. It provides HALL sensor inputs to the microcontroller and work as a closed loop system. Design Challenges A high-performance integrated microcontroller with a higher MIPS CPU core, faster ADC (>= 10-bit), internal Flash, SRAM memory, Internal EEPROM, and integrated analog and digital peripherals is required to perform key functions like high-performance analog measurements, operate a CAN interface, drive the three-phase Motor control, LCD drive, Low power operation, RTC, Interfaces with different external protocols. A power MOSFET with Low Ron and Low gate capacitance is required for driving three phase automotive motor. Designing the board with high power MOSFET driver circuitry and handling high on-board current from Battery input is a design challenge for board designer. As this system involves electro-mechanical components, designing a compact and cost effective electro-mechanical solution for Ignition control in Electrical Power Steering system is a design challenge for system designer. DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS Page 4 of 6
5 Certifying this electro-mechanical design with EMI/EMC standards is a design challenge for system designers. Fault detection and recovery mechanism is required for automotive applications. Power supply design with Battery protection, over-current, overheating, start-up fail condition is required for Ignition control in Electrical Power Steering system used in automotive application. It is advantageous to choose a microcontroller with OTP features to prevent reverse engineering of firmware by competitors and hackers. System Limitations PSoC MCUs also support CapSense technology which replaces mechanical button with CapSense based keypad. It also reduces failure due to mechanical buttons and provides better product reliability. Implementation of touch screen-based design on the front panel instead of LCD display and keypad will provide better user interface and flexibility in the automobiles. Implementing interfaces for external devices like ipod / iphone enables communicate to these devices through UART or USB. User can control ipod / iphone devices and charge the devices in the vehicle. Failure Analysis and Returned Materials: Increasing the number of internal and external interfaces on the board is going to increase the number of ways that an intruder can create havoc on the system. This is one of the single largest limitations of this embedded system. Ignition control in Electrical Power Steering system used in automotive application is currently implemented using Microcontroller plus ASIC based solutions. PSoC is a combination of Microcontroller and ASIC. Using PSoC Based Ignition control one can reduce the complete product cost (by reducing the BOM cost) and project cost (Implementation in PSoC Creator) in Automotive industry. Cypress Semiconductor 198 Champion Court San Jose, CA Phone: Fax: Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor intended to be used for medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress products in life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges. PSoC Designer, Programmable System-on-Chip, and PSoC Express are trademarks and PSoC is a registered trademark of Cypress Semiconductor Corp. All other trademarks or registered trademarks referenced herein are property of the respective corporations. This Source Code (software and/or firmware) is owned by Cypress Semiconductor Corporation (Cypress) and is protected by and subject to worldwide patent protection (United States and foreign), United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create derivative works of, and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in conjunction with a Cypress integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source Code except as specified above is prohibited without the express written permission of Cypress. Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein. Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress product in a life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges. DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS Page 5 of 6
6 Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement. DESIGNING AN IGNITION CONTROL FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS Page 6 of 6
Digital Multiplexer and Demultiplexer. Features. General Description. Input/Output Connections. When to Use a Multiplexer. Multiplexer 1.
PSoC Creator Component Datasheet Digital Multiplexer and Demultiplexer 1.10 Features Digital Multiplexer Digital Demultiplexer Up to 16 channels General Description The Multiplexer component is used to
More informationPSoC Creator Component Data Sheet. Calculation accuracy 0.01 C for -200 C to 850 C temperature range
1.10 Features Calculation accuracy 0.01 C for -200 C to 850 C temperature range Provides simple API function for resistance to temperature conversion Displays Error Vs Temperature graph General Description
More informationDesigning an efficient Programmable Logic Controller using Programmable System On Chip
Designing an efficient Programmable Logic Controller using Programmable System On Chip By Raja Narayanasamy, Product Apps Manager Sr, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is
More informationThermistor Calculator. Features. General Description. Input/Output Connections. When to use a Thermistor Calculator 1.10
PSoC Creator Component Data Sheet Thermistor Calculator 1.10 Features Adaptable for majority of negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors Look-Up-Table (LUT) or equation implementation methods
More informationScanning Comparator (ScanComp) Features. General Description. Input/Output Connections. When to Use a Scanning Comparator. clock - Digital Input* 1.
Scanning Comparator (ScanComp) 1.0 Features Scan up to 64 single ended or differential channels automatically Note The number of input and output channels will be limited by the hardware available in the
More informationSIMPLE TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE SOLAR PANEL EFFICIENCY USING A MICROCONTROLLER OR SOC
SIMPLE TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE SOLAR PANEL EFFICIENCY USING A MICROCONTROLLER OR SOC By Udayan Umapathi, Applications Engineer at Cypress Semiconductor and Gautam Das G, Applications Engineer at Cypress
More informationDESIGNING SECURE USB-BASED DONGLES
DESIGNING SECURE USB-BASED DONGLES By Dhanraj Rajput, Applications Engineer Senior, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. The many advantages of USB Flash drives have led to their widespread use for data storage
More informationNew Technologies Bridge the Gap Between Custom ASICs and ARM-Based Microcontrollers
New Technologies Bridge the Gap Between Custom ASICs and ARM-Based Microcontrollers By Mark Saunders, Product Marketing Manager Sr, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. One perspective for thinking of the embedded
More informationPSoC Programmer Release Notes
PSoC Programmer Release Notes Version 3.13.4 Release Date: November 16, 2011 Thank you for your interest in the PSoC Programmer. The release notes lists all the new features, installation requirements,
More informationAN2680 Application note
Application note Fan speed controller based on STDS75 or STLM75 digital temperature sensor and ST72651AR6 MCU Introduction This application note describes the method of defining the system for regulating
More informationCAPACITIVE SENSING MADE EASY, Part 2 Design Guidelines
CAPACITIVE SENSING MADE EASY, Part 2 Design Guidelines By Pushek Madaan and Priyadeep Kaur, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. When it comes to capacitive sensing design, layout plays a crucial role. Giving importance
More informationPSoC Programmer Release Notes
PSoC Programmer Release Notes Version 3.16.1 Release Date: November 1, 2012 Thank you for your interest in the PSoC Programmer. The release notes lists all the new features, installation requirements,
More informationDesign of an Insulin Pump. Purpose of an Insulin Pump:
Design of an Insulin Pump Purpose of an Insulin Pump: Insulin is a hormone central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. It is secreted regularly within the body and aids in converting
More informationHow to design an insulin pump
How to design an insulin pump Learn about the purpose of an insulin pump, its overall workings, and the requirements needed for its design as well as implementation. By Asha Ganesan Applications Engineer
More informationAPPLICATION NOTE. Atmel AVR443: Sensor-based Control of Three Phase Brushless DC Motor. Atmel AVR 8-bit Microcontrollers. Features.
APPLICATION NOTE Features Atmel AVR443: Sensor-based Control of Three Phase Brushless DC Motor Less than 5µs response time on Hall sensor output change Theoretical maximum of 1600k RPM Over-current sensing
More informationAN2358. Manchester Decoder Using PSoC 1. Introduction. Contents. Manchester Code Principle
AN2358 Author: Philippe Larcher Associated Project: Yes Associated Part Family: CY8C29x66, CY8C27x43, CY8C24X94, CY8C24x23A, CY8C23x33, CY8C21x34, CY8C21x23 Software Version: PSoC Designer 5.4 Related
More informationSTM32L. Ultra-low-power Cortex -M3 devices
STM32L Ultra-low-power Cortex -M3 devices STM32L press release STM32L 32- to 128-Kbyte products are entering full production 2 nd half March 2011 Part of industry s largest ARM Cortex -M 32-bit microcontroller
More informationPAC52XX Clock Control Firmware Design
APPLICATION NOTE PAC52XX Clock Control Firmware Design TM Marc Sousa Senior Manager, Systems and Firmware www.active-semi.com Copyright 2014 Active-Semi, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS APPLICATION NOTE... 1 Table
More informationSTEPPER MOTOR SPEED AND POSITION CONTROL
STEPPER MOTOR SPEED AND POSITION CONTROL Group 8: Subash Anigandla Hemanth Rachakonda Bala Subramanyam Yannam Sri Divya Krovvidi Instructor: Dr. Jens - Peter Kaps ECE 511 Microprocessors Fall Semester
More informationPSoC Programmer Release Notes
PSoC Programmer Release Notes Version 3.18.1 Release Date: May 8, 2013 Thank you for your interest in the PSoC Programmer. The release notes lists all the new features, installation requirements, supported
More informationMicrocontroller for Variable Speed BLDC Fan Control System. T.C. Lun System Engineer, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Microcontroller for Variable Speed BLDC Fan Control System T.C. Lun System Engineer, Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 Introduction Portable, feature rich, high-performance and compact in size are typical
More informationComparison of 2.4-GHz proprietary RF and Bluetooth 4.0 for HIS applications Page 1 of 6
Comparison of 2.4-GHz proprietary RF and Bluetooth 4.0 for HID applications By: Anitha TG, Applications Engineer & Sai Prashanth Chinnapalli, Applications Engineer Sr, Cypress Semiconductor Corp. With
More informationEmbedded Systems on ARM Cortex-M3 (4weeks/45hrs)
Embedded Systems on ARM Cortex-M3 (4weeks/45hrs) Course & Kit Contents LEARN HOW TO: Use of Keil Real View for ARM Use ARM Cortex-M3 MCU for professional embedded application development Understanding
More informationES_LPC4357/53/37/33. Errata sheet LPC4357/53/37/33. Document information
Rev. 1.1 8 August 2012 Errata sheet Document information Info Keywords Abstract Content LPC4357FET256; LPC4357FET180; LPC4357FBD208; LPC4353FET256; LPC4353FET180; LPC4353FBD208; LPC4337FET256; LPC4337FET180;
More informationAN10850. LPC1700 timer triggered memory to GPIO data transfer. Document information. LPC1700, GPIO, DMA, Timer0, Sleep Mode
LPC1700 timer triggered memory to GPIO data transfer Rev. 01 16 July 2009 Application note Document information Info Keywords Abstract Content LPC1700, GPIO, DMA, Timer0, Sleep Mode This application note
More informationAN4646 Application note
Application note Peripheral interconnections on STM32F401 and STM32F411 lines Introduction On top of the highest performance and the lowest power consumption of the STM32F4 family, STM32F401/411 peripherals
More informationFigure 1. Example of a Security System
Security Systems: Migration to Cloud-Enabled IP-Based Solutions Introduction Security systems are used in a variety of locations, such as residential homes, office buildings, hospitals, industrial facilities,
More informationPSoC Programmer Release Notes
PSoC Programmer Release Notes Version 3.14 Release Date: February 23, 2012 Thank you for your interest in the PSoC Programmer. The release notes lists all the new features, installation requirements, supported
More informationAN10849. LPC1700 RTC hardware auto calibration. Document information. RTC, Hardware Auto Calibration, LPC1700, Graphic LCD
Rev. 01 1 July 2009 Application note Document information Info Keywords Abstract Content RTC, Hardware Auto Calibration, LPC1700, Graphic LCD Using the LPC1700 RTC s auto calibration feature Revision history
More informationHow to Turn an AC Induction Motor Into a DC Motor (A Matter of Perspective) Steve Bowling Application Segments Engineer Microchip Technology, Inc.
1 How to Turn an AC Induction Motor Into a DC Motor (A Matter of Perspective) Steve Bowling Application Segments Engineer Microchip Technology, Inc. The territory of high-performance motor control has
More informationSEGGER emwin Graphic Library (emwingraphics)
1.0 Features The component integrates emwin 8051 Graphic Library for PSoC3 and full-featured emwin Graphic Library V5.02 for PSoC 5 The libraries can be used with the Keil_PK51, GCC, Keil MDK, and Keil
More informationAN3265 Application note
Application note Handling hardware and software failures with the STM8S-DISCOVERY Application overview This application is based on the STM8S-DISCOVERY. It demonstrates how to use the STM8S window watchdog
More informationSMARTCARD XPRO. Preface. SMART ARM-based Microcontrollers USER GUIDE
SMART ARM-based Microcontrollers SMARTCARD XPRO USER GUIDE Preface Atmel SMARTCARD Xplained Pro is an extension board to the Atmel Xplained Pro evaluation platform. Atmel SMARTCARD Xplained Pro is designed
More informationOpen Architecture Design for GPS Applications Yves Théroux, BAE Systems Canada
Open Architecture Design for GPS Applications Yves Théroux, BAE Systems Canada BIOGRAPHY Yves Théroux, a Project Engineer with BAE Systems Canada (BSC) has eight years of experience in the design, qualification,
More informationSingle Phase Two-Channel Interleaved PFC Operating in CrM
Freescale Semiconductor Application Note Document Number: AN4836 Rev. 0, 12/2013 Single Phase Two-Channel Interleaved PFC Operating in CrM Using the MC56F82xxx Family of Digital Signal Controllers by Freescale
More informationAN3998 Application note
Application note PDM audio software decoding on STM32 microcontrollers 1 Introduction This application note presents the algorithms and architecture of an optimized software implementation for PDM signal
More informationThe new 32-bit MSP432 MCU platform from Texas
Technology Trend MSP432 TM microcontrollers: Bringing high performance to low-power applications The new 32-bit MSP432 MCU platform from Texas Instruments leverages its more than 20 years of lowpower leadership
More information3-Phase BLDC Motor Control with Hall Sensors Using 56800/E Digital Signal Controllers
Freescale Semiconductor Application Note AN1916 Rev. 2.0, 11/2005 3-Phase BLDC Motor Control with Hall Sensors Using 56800/E Digital Signal Controllers Leonard N. Elevich Contents 1. Application Benefits...1
More informationAdding WiFi to Your Embedded System. WPG Americas & Gainspan Titus Wandinger (WPG) & Su Li (Gainspan) April 23, 2013
Adding WiFi to Your Embedded System WPG Americas & Gainspan Titus Wandinger (WPG) & Su Li (Gainspan) April 23, 2013 Your partners for Embedded Wi-Fi Multi Market Leader 32 bit ARM MCU Leader Ultra low
More informationBLDC Motor Control with Hall Effect Sensors Using the 9S08MP
Freescale Semiconductor Application Note Document Number: AN458 Rev., 4/2 BLDC Motor Control with Hall Effect Sensors Using the 9S8MP by: Eduardo Viramontes Systems and Applications Engineering Freescale
More informationDesignWare IP for IoT SoC Designs
DesignWare IP for IoT SoC Designs The Internet of Things (IoT) is connecting billions of intelligent things at our fingertips. The ability to sense countless amounts of information that communicates to
More informationAtmel Power Line Communications. Solutions for the Smart Grid
Atmel Power Line Communications Solutions for the Smart Grid Key Applications Powering the Smart Grid Home and industrial automation Control systems Smart metering Intelligent lighting Smart appliances
More informationBrushless DC Motor Controller Product Specification Assembly 025F0129
Brushless DC Motor Controller Product Specification Assembly 025F0129 September 16, 2009 025F0129 ST B Brushless DC Motor Controller Data Sheet Page 1 Revision History ECN # Date Rev Description By 07058
More informationApplication Note AN-1187
Application Note AN-1187 IR3230 Sensorless BLDC Motor Drive By Alex Lollio Table of Contents Application Note AN-1234... 1 Introduction... 2 Basic Working Principle... 3 Motor Control... 4 Motor Control
More informationGENERAL POWER SYSTEM WIRING PRACTICES APPLIED TO TECNADYNE DC BRUSHLESS MOTORS
1/5/2006 Page 1 of 6 GENERAL POWER SYSTEM WIRING PRACTICES APPLIED TO TECNADYNE DC BRUSHLESS MOTORS 1. Introduction The purpose of this application note is to describe some common connection and filtering
More informationHow To Use A Watt Saver On A Microcontroller (Watt Saver) On A Cell Phone Or Mp3 Player
Watt Saver for a Cell Phone AC Adapter Reference Design Document Number: DRM130 Rev 1, 10/2013 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Contents Section number Title Page Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview...5
More informationThe Heartbeat behind Portable Medical Devices: Ultra-Low-Power Mixed-Signal Microcontrollers
The Heartbeat behind Portable Medical Devices: Ultra-Low-Power Mixed-Signal Microcontrollers The proliferation of sophisticated yet affordable personal medical devices is transforming the health care industry,
More informationAnalog-to-Digital Converters
Analog-to-Digital Converters In this presentation we will look at the Analog-to-Digital Converter Peripherals with Microchip s midrange PICmicro Microcontrollers series. 1 Analog-to-Digital Converters
More informationUsing Altera MAX Series as Microcontroller I/O Expanders
2014.09.22 Using Altera MAX Series as Microcontroller I/O Expanders AN-265 Subscribe Many microcontroller and microprocessor chips limit the available I/O ports and pins to conserve pin counts and reduce
More informationMotor Control using NXP s LPC2900
Motor Control using NXP s LPC2900 Agenda LPC2900 Overview and Development tools Control of BLDC Motors using the LPC2900 CPU Load of BLDCM and PMSM Enhancing performance LPC2900 Demo BLDC motor 2 LPC2900
More informationReconfigurable System-on-Chip Design
Reconfigurable System-on-Chip Design MITCHELL MYJAK Senior Research Engineer Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PNNL-SA-93202 31 January 2013 1 About Me Biography BSEE, University of Portland, 2002
More informationDigital Systems Based on Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering/Rizzoni (McGraw Hill
Digital Systems Based on Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering/Rizzoni (McGraw Hill Objectives: Analyze the operation of sequential logic circuits. Understand the operation of digital counters.
More informationData Acquisition Module with I2C interface «I2C-FLEXEL» User s Guide
Data Acquisition Module with I2C interface «I2C-FLEXEL» User s Guide Sensors LCD Real Time Clock/ Calendar DC Motors Buzzer LED dimming Relay control I2C-FLEXEL PS2 Keyboards Servo Motors IR Remote Control
More informationSoftware Real Time Clock Implementation on MC9S08LG32
Freescale Semiconductor Document Number: AN4478 Rev. 0, 03/2012 Software Real Time Clock Implementation on MC9S08LG32 by: Nitin Gupta Automotive and Industrial Solutions Group 1 Introduction The MC9S08LG32
More informationMicro800 Programmable Controllers. Bulletin 2080 Selection Guide
Micro800 Programmable Controllers Bulletin 2080 Selection Guide Important User Information Solid state equipment has operational characteristics differing from those of electromechanical equipment. Safety
More informationAN2389 Application note
Application note An MCU-based low cost non-inverting buck-boost converter for battery chargers Introduction As the demand for rechargeable batteries increases, so does the demand for battery chargers.
More informationBrightSign Expander Hardware Guide
Hardware Guide PCBA: Rev C Version: 0.1 Saratoga, CA, USA 1 Table of Contents OVERVIEW... 3 EXPANDER BLOCK DIAGRAM... 4 PORTS... 6 POWER CONNECTOR... 6 OPTICAL SPDIF CONNECTOR... 6 DB25 SWITCH/LED CONNECTOR...
More informationSolar Energy Conversion using MIAC. by Tharowat Mohamed Ali, May 2011
Solar Energy Conversion using MIAC by Tharowat Mohamed Ali, May 2011 Abstract This work introduces an approach to the design of a boost converter for a photovoltaic (PV) system using the MIAC. The converter
More informationAN3252 Application note
Application note Building a wave generator using STM8L-DISCOVERY Application overview This application note provides a short description of how to use the STM8L-DISCOVERY as a basic wave generator for
More informationAT88CK490 Evaluation Kit
AT88CK490 Evaluation Kit CryptoAuthentication USB Dongle HARDWARE USER GUIDE Atmel AT88CK490 CryptoAuthentication Evaluation Kit Introduction The Atmel AT88CK490 CryptoAuthentication Evaluation Kit is
More informationFlexible Active Shutter Control Interface using the MC1323x
Freescale Semiconductor Document Number: AN4353 Application Note Rev. 0, 9/2011 Flexible Active Shutter Control Interface using the MC1323x by: Dennis Lui Freescale Hong Kong 1 Introduction This application
More informationAVR151: Setup and Use of the SPI. Introduction. Features. Atmel AVR 8-bit Microcontroller APPLICATION NOTE
Atmel AVR 8-bit Microcontroller AVR151: Setup and Use of the SPI APPLICATION NOTE Introduction This application note describes how to set up and use the on-chip Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) of the
More informationBLWR23MDA Series. 24V, 15A Brushless Controller / Motor. User s Guide. 910 East Orangefair Lane, Anaheim, CA 92801 e-mail: info@anaheimautomation.
BLWR23MDA Series 24V, 15A Brushless Controller / Motor User s Guide A N A H E I M A U T O M A T I O N 910 East Orangefair Lane, Anaheim, CA 92801 e-mail: info@anaheimautomation.com (714) 992-6990 fax:
More informationA Practical Guide to Free Energy Devices
A Practical Guide to Free Energy Devices Device Patent No 29: Last updated: 7th October 2008 Author: Patrick J. Kelly This is a slightly reworded copy of this patent application which shows a method of
More informationBLY17MDA Series. 24V, 10A Brushless Controller/Motor. User s Guide. 910 East Orangefair Lane, Anaheim, CA 92801 e-mail: info@anaheimautomation.
BLY17MDA Series 24V, 1A Brushless Controller/Motor User s Guide A N A H E I M A U T O M A T I O N 91 East Orangefair Lane, Anaheim, CA 9281 e-mail: info@anaheimautomation.com (714) 992-699 fax: (714) 992-471
More informationAPPLICATION NOTE Atmel AT02509: In House Unit with Bluetooth Low Energy Module Hardware User Guide 8-bit Atmel Microcontroller Features Description
APPLICATION NOTE Atmel AT259: In House Unit with Bluetooth Low Energy Module Hardware User Guide Features 8-bit Atmel Microcontroller Low power consumption Interface with BLE with UART Bi-direction wake
More informationELEC 5260/6260/6266 Embedded Computing Systems
ELEC 5260/6260/6266 Embedded Computing Systems Spring 2016 Victor P. Nelson Text: Computers as Components, 3 rd Edition Prof. Marilyn Wolf (Georgia Tech) Course Topics Embedded system design & modeling
More informationPOWER STEERING GROUP 37A 37A-1 CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION... 37A-2 ELECTRICAL POWER STEERING.. 37A-5 STEERING WHEEL... 37A-3
37A-1 GROUP 37A CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION........ 37A-2 STEERING WHEEL.............. 37A-3 STEERING SHAFT AND COLUMN.. 37A-4.. 37A-5 GENERAL INFORMATION............. 37A-5 STEERING GEAR....................
More information3.2 inch QVGA TFT Color LCD User s Guide Version 1 & 2
3.2 inch QVGA TFT Color LCD - User s Guide 3.2 inch QVGA TFT Color LCD User s Guide Version 1 & 2 Give graphics and to your application! EA2-USG-0701 v2.1 Rev A 3.2 inch QVGA TFT Color LCD - User s Guide
More informationAndroid based Alcohol detection system using Bluetooth technology
For more Project details visit: http://www.projectsof8051.com/android-based-alcohol-detection-system-usingbluetooth-technology/ Code 1435 Project Title Android based Alcohol detection system using Bluetooth
More informationTHE INPUT/OUTPUT SYSTEM. Key Points
M O D U L E T W O THE 2 INPUT/OUTPUT SYSTEM Key Points In the first module, you learned about the basic architecture and operation of the Allen-Bradley Micrologix 1000, including a brief introduction to
More informationFinal Design Report 19 April 2011. Project Name: utouch
EEL 4924 Electrical Engineering Design (Senior Design) Final Design Report 19 April 2011 Project Name: utouch Team Members: Name: Issam Bouter Name: Constantine Metropulos Email: sambouter@gmail.com Email:
More informationSierra Dual 24 Volt Brushless DC Motor Controller Product Specification
Sierra Dual 24 Volt Brushless DC Motor Controller Product Specification Assembly 025A0215 600A0942 Rev. A May 14, 2012 025A0215 Brushless DC Motor Controller Page 1 Revision History ECN # Date Rev Description
More information1-Mbit (128K x 8) Static RAM
1-Mbit (128K x 8) Static RAM Features Pin- and function-compatible with CY7C109B/CY7C1009B High speed t AA = 10 ns Low active power I CC = 80 ma @ 10 ns Low CMOS standby power I SB2 = 3 ma 2.0V Data Retention
More informationZigBee Technology Overview
ZigBee Technology Overview Presented by Silicon Laboratories Shaoxian Luo 1 EM351 & EM357 introduction EM358x Family introduction 2 EM351 & EM357 3 Ember ZigBee Platform Complete, ready for certification
More informationMAXREFDES46# Quick Start Guide UG6207; Rev 1; 9/15. Abstract
MAXREFDES46# Quick Start Guide UG6207; Rev 1; 9/15 Abstract The MAXREFDES46# 4-Channel Analog Input Output Quick Start Guide describes the steps required to quickly get the MAXREFDES46# reference design
More informationTutorial for MPLAB Starter Kit for PIC18F
Tutorial for MPLAB Starter Kit for PIC18F 2006 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. WebSeminar Title Slide 1 Welcome to the tutorial for the MPLAB Starter Kit for PIC18F. My name is
More informationwith Electronic Assistant
TECHNICAL DATASHEET #TDAX100200 BLDC Motor Drive Drives a 12V, 24V or 48V BLDC motor Bidirectional, up to 25A Smooth speed control using Hall Sensors CAN (SAE J1939) with Electronic Assistant Features:
More informationZigBee-2.4-DK 2.4 GHZ ZIGBEE DEVELOPMENT KIT USER S GUIDE. 1. Kit Contents. Figure 1. 2.4 GHz ZigBee Development Kit
2.4 GHZ ZIGBEE DEVELOPMENT KIT USER S GUIDE 1. Kit Contents The 2.4 GHz ZigBee Development Kit contains the following items, shown in Figure 1. 2.4 GHz 802.15.4/ZigBee Target Boards (6) Antennas (6) 9
More informationAN11008 Flash based non-volatile storage
Rev. 1 5 January 2011 Application note Document information Info Content Keywords Flash, EEPROM, Non-Volatile Storage Abstract This application note describes the implementation and use of a library that
More informationMECE 102 Mechatronics Engineering Orientation
MECE 102 Mechatronics Engineering Orientation Mechatronic System Components Associate Prof. Dr. of Mechatronics Engineering Çankaya University Compulsory Course in Mechatronics Engineering Credits (2/0/2)
More informationHello, and welcome to this presentation of the STM32L4 reset and clock controller.
Hello, and welcome to this presentation of the STM32L4 reset and clock controller. 1 The STM32L4 reset and clock controller manages system and peripheral clocks. STM32L4 devices embed three internal oscillators,
More informationSerial port interface for microcontroller embedded into integrated power meter
Serial port interface for microcontroller embedded into integrated power meter Mr. Borisav Jovanović, Prof. dr. Predrag Petković, Prof. dr. Milunka Damnjanović, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia
More informationProgramming Logic controllers
Programming Logic controllers Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a microprocessor based system that uses programmable memory to store instructions and implement functions such as logic, sequencing,
More informationDesigning an Induction Cooker Using the S08PT Family
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Document Number: AN5030 Application Note Rev. 0 11/2014 Designing an Induction Cooker Using the S08PT Family by: Leo Pan, Dennis Lui, T.C. Lun 1 Introduction This application
More informationAVR125: ADC of tinyavr in Single Ended Mode. 8-bit Microcontrollers. Application Note. Features. 1 Introduction
AVR125: ADC of tinyavr in Single Ended Mode Features Up to 10bit resolution Up to 15kSPS Auto triggered and single conversion mode Optional left adjustment for ADC result readout Driver source code included
More informationAN1991. Audio decibel level detector with meter driver
Rev. 2.1 20 March 2015 Application note Document information Info Keywords Abstract Content SA604A, LM358, RSSI, cellular radio The SA604A can provide a logarithmic response proportional to the input signal
More informationIntroduction to Electronic Signals
Introduction to Electronic Signals Oscilloscope An oscilloscope displays voltage changes over time. Use an oscilloscope to view analog and digital signals when required during circuit diagnosis. Fig. 6-01
More informationSMART DRUNKEN DRIVER DETECTION AND SPEED MONITORING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES
SMART DRUNKEN DRIVER DETECTION AND SPEED MONITORING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES Bandi Sree Geeta 1, Diwakar R. Marur 2 1,2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University, (India) ABSTRACT
More informationUSER GUIDE EDBG. Description
USER GUIDE EDBG Description The Atmel Embedded Debugger (EDBG) is an onboard debugger for integration into development kits with Atmel MCUs. In addition to programming and debugging support through Atmel
More informationOWNER S OPERATION GUIDE English
OWNER S OPERATION GUIDE English 76E268-0030-0606S -1- Printed in Japan Important WARNING / CAUTION / NOTE Please read this manual and follow its instructions carefully. To emphasize special information,
More informationSimplifying System Design Using the CS4350 PLL DAC
Simplifying System Design Using the CS4350 PLL 1. INTRODUCTION Typical Digital to Analog Converters (s) require a high-speed Master Clock to clock their digital filters and modulators, as well as some
More informationSpeed Control Methods of Various Types of Speed Control Motors. Kazuya SHIRAHATA
Speed Control Methods of Various Types of Speed Control Motors Kazuya SHIRAHATA Oriental Motor Co., Ltd. offers a wide variety of speed control motors. Our speed control motor packages include the motor,
More informationEverything you need for protection scheme testing
Power System Simulator for Testing Protection Relays and Schemes Everything you need for protection scheme testing The is the only instrument with the high power, flexibility and software to perform full
More informationUPiS - Uninterruptible Power intelligent Supply
UPiS - Uninterruptible Power intelligent Supply www.pimodules.com Introduction The UPiS is an Advanced Powering add-on Module for the RaspberryPi that adds a wealth of additional features to the powering
More informationDIGITAL-TO-ANALOGUE AND ANALOGUE-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION
DIGITAL-TO-ANALOGUE AND ANALOGUE-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION Introduction The outputs from sensors and communications receivers are analogue signals that have continuously varying amplitudes. In many systems
More informationAMZ-FX Guitar effects. (2007) Mosfet Body Diodes. http://www.muzique.com/news/mosfet-body-diodes/. Accessed 22/12/09.
Pulse width modulation Pulse width modulation is a pulsed DC square wave, commonly used to control the on-off switching of a silicon controlled rectifier via the gate. There are many types of SCR s, most
More informationWhite Paper Implementing a Flexible CPLD-Only Digital Dashboard for Automobiles
Introduction White Paper Implementing a Flexible CPLD-Only Digital Dashboard for Automobiles An automotive dashboard acts as a nerve center that consolidates all information pertaining to the safe driving
More informationAMC1100: Replacement of Input Main Sensing Transformer in Inverters with Isolated Amplifier
Application Report SLAA552 August 2012 AMC1100: Replacement of Input Main Sensing Transformer in Inverters with Isolated Amplifier Ambreesh Tripathi and Harmeet Singh Analog/Digital Converters ABSTRACT
More informationSmart Thermostat page 1
Smart Thermostat page 1 3. APPROACH In today s home appliances market, automation is becoming the norm and Smart Thermostat is a typical automation appliance able to be applied easily at home. With Smart
More information