The Gasification Technology in GoBiGas and two more gasification projects
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- Annice McKinney
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1 The Gasification Technology in GoBiGas and two more gasification projects Lead R&D engineer
2 Metso is a global supplier of sustainable technology and services Our customers operate in the following industries: - Mining - Construction - Power generation - Oil and gas - Recycling - Pulp and paper About 29,000 employees in more than 50 countries net sales EUR 7.5 billion. Our shares are listed on NASDAQ OMX Helsinki Ltd. 2
3 Power business line A forerunner in fluidized bed boilers to power plants for combustion of biomass, coal and other fuels A global leader in chemical recovery solutions for pulp and paper mills Main offices Production/Service centers Sales and/or engineering offices Gothenburg Tampere - Net sales EUR 715 million in ,900 employees worldwide - Sales and engineering offices around the world - Production and service centers worldwide Charlotte Curitiba 3
4 Metso Power Wide scope of fuel-flexible power technology Boiler plants Modular power plants Heating plants Automation Gasification systems Power solutions Recovery boilers Environmental systems Automation Rebuilds and upgrades Profilers Intelligent control valves ESD valves Automation systems 4
5 Metso CFB gasifier Industrial experience Götaverken - Atmospheric CFB gasification - Värö project start-up 1987 Tampella Power - 15 MWth pressurized FB gasifier and gas cleaning - Piloting ended 1996 Metso BFB & CFB boilers - Fluid bed technology - Project execution resources New gasification development - Product gas filtration tests - Dryer technology - Own process dimensioning tools 5
6 More value from biomass and waste From Combustion to Biorefinary agro waste heat 2010 wood Combustion steam peat electricity fossil heat 2020 agro waste wood peat fossil Fuel handling and pre-processing Combustion Gasification Pyrolysis Torrefaction steam electricity Biogas Bio-oil Biocoal LignoBoost Lignin 6
7 GoBiGas Application of Gasification to a Biorefinary Gasification: Metso scope Forest residues Wood pellets Steam Dryer Fuel handling Air preheater Flue gas Hot water Bag filter De-NOx Air Gasifier Combustor Sulphur rich gas Hot water Tar removal Bed material Tar Tar } Methanation Tar removal Sulphur removal Shift Steam CO2 to inert Biomethane Drying Upgrading Methanation CO2- removal gas system/ atm 7 Source: GoBiGas
8 Requirements on the gas from the gasification No nitrogen - Should not dilute the SNG Indirect gasification or oxygen/steam gasification Clean: no tar, S, Cl... - Life time of catalyst Gas cleaning High pressure needed in the methanation. Either by high pressure gasification or compression of the gas High content of methane is an advantage - Heat is lost in the methanation Gasification temperature below 1000 C 1% 4% CO + 3H N 2 => CH 4 + H 2 O N 2 CO + 3H 2 => CH 4 + H 2 O ( H=-206 kj/mole) 8
9 Selection in GoBiGas: Indirect gasification Göteborg Energi - GoBiGas Delivery project Indirect Gasification Metso Power Technology agreement Repotec 9
10 Gasification Island - Overview 10
11 Gasification in Dual Fluidized Bed Producer gas Flue gas Fuel Gasifier Combustor Air Fuel is feed to the BFB gasifier The gasifier is fluidized with steam Char in fly and bottom ash from the gasifier is burnt in the combustor riser Bed material is circulated to transport heat from the combustor to the gasifier Fly ash from the combustion is recirculated to the gasifier Steam 11
12 Fuel feeding system Fuel: Initially wood pellets, aiming for forest residue Purged locked hoppers system Off-gas to PCC Feeding to the bed with cooled screw 12
13 Gas Cleaning Overview Cooler Filter Scrubber Cooling of producer gas Dust removal in a textile filter Removal of tars and water solvable pollutants in an oil scrubber Scrubber oil and water are separated. Oil is recirculated to the scrubber and water is vaporized and used as fluidization steam. 13
14 Combustion and heat recovery Combustion is made in two stages: riser & post combustion chamber. In addition to char also waste streams are incinerated. The heat of the flue gas is used to super heat the steam, preheat the air and for district heating. 14
15 References: Repotec Güssing, Austria, CHP plant Start of construction: 2000 Start of operation: November 2001 Fuel: wood chips Fuel Capacity: 8 MW Electricity production: 2 MW District Heat production: 4.5 MW Electrical efficiency: 25 % Total efficiency: 80 % Operational time: h ( end 2012) Availability gasifier: h/year 15
16 References: Repotec Ulm, Germany, CHP plant Start of operation: 2012 Electrical efficiency: 35 % Fuel: Wood chips Total efficiency: 80 % Fuel Capacity: 14.3 MW Two gas engines and ORC for Electricity production: 5 MW production of electricity District Heat production: 6.5 MW 16
17 CFB gasification projects
18 Vaskiluodon Voima biomass gasification plant 140 MW biomass gasifier and dryer Adjoined to the existing 560 MW coal-fired power plant Up to 40 percent replacement of coal 18 month from contract to operation Total project cost < 40 M Start up Dec 2012 Instrumentation, electrification and automation Product gas Dried biomass Wet biomass Biomass receiving and pre-handling Large-scale belt dryer CFB gasifier 140 MW fuel Existing PC boiler modifications and new burners 18
19 Lahti Energia Waste gasification for power production 2 x 80 MW th gasifiers Total investment 160 M tn/a SRF Gas boiler 121 bar, 540 o C - 50 MW el & 90 MW heat - e = 31% (net) Waste fuel receiving & handling Gas boiler and APC Gasifier and gas cooler Old PC boiler Fuel handling Gasifier Gas cooling Gas filter Gas boiler and flue gas cleaning 19
20 Metso s gasification solutions Product gas for industrial kilns Product gas for power boilers Product gas from waste for power production Indirect gasification of biofuels Sawdust, forest residues, fresh wood, bark MW fuel units Typically includes a dryer Dusty product gas Also other types of kilns possible Woody biomass, bark, peat, straw Superior electricity efficiency (Existing) power boilers MW fuel units Typically includes a dryer (Gas filtering) Waste-derived fuel High electricity efficiency Typically a new gas boiler Gas filtering -> clean product gas MW fuel units or multiple units connected to a boiler Suitable for clean biofuels Suitable for cases HIGH HEATING VALUE GAS is needed (SNG, refinery feed motors) 20
21 Mesto s gasification solutions Technology for biofuels and waste Opens new possibilities To utilize biofuels or waste instead of fossile fuels Industrial furnaces o Metallurgical processes o Industrial furnaces or kilns o Lime kilns o Etc. Partial or complete fuel change in existing plants o Increased fuel flexibility o High electrical effeciency o Moderate cost High efficiency use of corrosive fuels like waste 21
22 Thank You!
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