Wood Fingerprinting. WWF s contribution to control wood trade. Scientific methods /21 Johannes Zahnen WWF Germany

Transcription

1 Wood Fingerprinting WWF s contribution to control wood trade Scientific methods /21 Johannes Zahnen WWF Germany

2 What s WWFs role? 1961 WWF was founded In WWF is in over 100 countries, on 5 continents WWF's mission is the conservation of nature. Using the best available scientific knowledge WWF has over 5,000 staff worldwide +5M WWF has over 5 million supporters building a future in which human needs are met in harmony with nature. Photo: Michel Roggo / WWF-Canon WWF Germany /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 2

3 In 50 years almost 50 % of the worlds forests disapeared. 13 Million hectares every year share of illegal logging is estimated at 20% to 40% 15 billion US$ loss for states, industry and forest owners /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 3

4 /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 4

5 Stable Isotope Method H Weight 1 = normal H (also called D) Weight 2 = very seldom Same person; same behaviour; more heavy /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 5

6 Stable Isotopes Stable Isotope method is established in the food sector /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 6

7 Jever: -7,5 18 O/ 16 O; Breweries in Germany Bremen: -8,0-7,5-8,0-8,5-9,0-9,5-10,0-10,5 In [ ] v.s. SMOW Warstein: -7,7 Potsdam: -8,3 Dortmund: -7,6 Köln: -7,6 Bitburg: -8,2 Gotha: -9,2 Wernigerode: -8,9 Radeberg: -9,4 Frankfurt: -8,4 Donaueschingen: -9,6 München: -11, /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 7

8 Stable Isotopes Stable Isotope method is established in the food sector 2004: WWF initiative to adapt the Stable Isotope Method to wood Since then several projects and tests showed the potential of the method in the wood sector 2011: Involvement of IAEA to organize the standardization 2012: Member of the database Steering Committee Blind test within the ITTO project (Africa) /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 8

9 WWF project boreal 2008 (I) Boreal forests: Europe and NW-Russia Isotope patterns allowed to distinguish tested countries Also possible to distinguish areas in Germany Project Report (German): /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 9

10 WWF project boreal 2008 (I) D/H /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 10

11 WWF project tropics 2011 (II) Project II (focus on Teak and Mahongany) used DNA: wood species identification Stable Isotopes: origin New: additional elements like strontium (Sr) Blind Test 13 out of 15 right First time combined isotopes with N-IR analysis (distance 50 km) 14 out of 15 right Project Report (English): /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 11

12 WWF project tropics 2011 (II) Project Report (English): /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 12

13 WWF / TRAFFIC promoting sniffer dogs it is possible to train dogs to find e.g. Mahogany Proceedings - Wildlife Detector Dogs - Budapest 2012 (English): PDF/proceedings_of_the_conference_on_wildlife_detector_dogs_budapest_2012.pdf /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 13

14 WWF / TRAFFIC promoting sniffer dogs August 2013: First wildlife detector dog in China! /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 14

15 WWF remote sensing program Free high resolution pictures every second week Free pictures in lower quality every day It s possible to buy high resolution twice a day /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 15

16 WWF Remote sensing programme Sri Lanka: Detecting illegal activity Sri Lanka: Detecting illegal activity /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 16

17 WWF Remote sensing programme Sri Lanka: Detecting illegal activity Sri Lanka: Detecting illegal activity /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 17

18 Remote sensing programme Small scale visual change detection these areas can be easily monitored for significant changes /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 18

19 Remote sensing programme Small scale visual change detection these areas can be easily monitored for significant changes /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 19

20 WWF paper analysis program Labs are able to identify the composition of pulp types and wood genius. If labs identify so called Mixed Tropical Hardwood (MTH) it is most likely that the wood was harvested in tropical rainforests /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 20

21 WWF paper analysis program WWF found several products with MTH; examples: Free high resolution pictures every second week Free pictures in lower quality every day It s possible to buy high resolution twice a day Report 2009 (English): Report 2012 (English): /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 21

22 Perspective New Methods are relevant for: authorities to Control local wood flows and Control Import / Export (e.g. Lacey Act, FLEGT) companies to control suppliers protected areas According to the question it is good to combine methods: wood anatomy, DNA, Isotopes, NIR, sniffer dogs, remote sensing /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 22

23 With the first trees cut culture starts. With the last trees cut culture ends. Gustave Flaubert; (French Poet, ) /21 WWF s role in timber tracing and tracking Seite: 23