Acknowledgments Introduction and Overview p. 1 Introduction p. 1 Segmentation p. 6 Our Investigation p. 10 Protocol Model Baseline p.

Transcription

1 Preface p. xiii Acknowledgments p. xv Introduction and Overview p. 1 Introduction p. 1 Segmentation p. 6 Our Investigation p. 10 Protocol Model Baseline p. 12 Protocol Framework p. 12 Some Notable Trends p. 15 Some Modeling Considerations p. 15 Size of U.S. Industry p. 15 Growth of the Internet During the Late 1990s into the Early 2000s p. 23 Growth of Wireless During the Late 1990s and Early 2000s p. 28 Wireless Internet p. 30 Rest of the Book p. 34 Endnotes p. 34 One View on Regulation p. 38 Optics Technologies p. 41 Transmission Systems p. 41 Optical Fibers p. 44 Fiber-Optic Medium Performance p. 46 Dispersion Compensation Approaches p. 47 Fiber Products p. 51 Fiber-Optic Elements p. 53 Optical Transmitters p. 53 Fiber-Optic Receivers p. 55 WDM Elements p. 55 Regenerators and Optical Amplifiers p. 57 Optical Network Elements in Common Use p. 59 Applications p. 66 Endnotes p. 68 All-Optical Networks p. 69 Introduction p. 69 Motivations, Goals, and Approaches p. 73 OTN Standards Support p. 77 Introductory Concepts p. 84 Evolutionary Approach p. 84 Framework p. 86 Basic OTN Technical Concepts p. 87 Implementations p. 92 Other Developments p. 95

2 Endnotes p. 96 Intelligent Optical Networks and GMPLS p. 99 ION Overview p. 100 Framework p. 100 Positioning of GMPLS in ASTN/ASON p. 110 ION Concepts p. 112 Introduction p. 112 ASON Architecture Principles p. 113 ASON Control Plane Requirements p. 115 ASON Functional Architecture p. 116 ASON Reference Points and GMPLS Protocols p. 117 ASON/ASTN CP Transport Network (Signaling Network) p. 120 Transport Network Survivability and Protection p. 121 Relationship to GMPLS Architecture p. 122 Other ASON/ASTN-Related ITU Activities p. 123 Deployment Status p. 129 Endnotes p. 129 Dense and Coarse WDM p. 133 Introduction to the Technology p. 135 How Does WDM Work? p. 141 Enabling Technologies p. 143 Technical Details p. 148 Operation of a Transponder-Based DWDM System p. 159 Network Design Evolutions p. 160 Long-Haul Application Scope p. 161 Metro Access/Metro Core Application Scope p. 164 CWDM p. 170 Endnotes p. 172 SONET and SDH p. 175 Introduction to SONET/SDH p. 176 SONET/SDH Interleaving p. 179 Detail of the Transport Overhead p. 182 Payload Pointer Processing p. 185 Payload Overhead p. 193 Concatenated Payloads p. 195 Mapping of SONET/SDH Payloads p. 196 Virtual Tributaries p. 197 Support of DS-3 Signals p. 207 Support of ATM, POS, and GFP p. 208 Automatic Protection Switching p. 208 Endnotes p. 214

3 Bibliography p. 215 SDH p. 216 Endnote p. 220 Next Generation SONET, GFP, and Ethernet over SONET p. 221 GFP p. 222 Introduction p. 223 Transparent GFP Description p. 223 Potential Extensions to Transparent GFP p. 232 Conclusions p. 233 Ethernet over SONET p. 233 Introduction p. 233 Virtual Concatenation p. 236 GFP for Ethernet Applications p. 238 What New Services Are Enabled? p. 240 What Products Use These Techniques? p. 241 Endnotes p. 243 Wireless Technologies: WPAN, WLAN, and WWAN p. 245 Overview p. 246 Standards p. 251 Overview p. 251 IEEE Family of Wireless Standards p. 251 WWAN Standardization Activities p. 259 Technology Basics p. 291 WLAN Technologies p. 291 Security Considerations for WLANs p. 297 IEEE a Details p. 301 WPAN Technologies p. 305 WMAN Technologies p. 311 WWAN Technologies: 2.5G and 3G p. 328 Endnotes p. 335 WAN Data Services and Technologies: FR, ATM, and MPLS p. 339 Recent Advances in FR p. 339 Introduction and Scope p. 339 Basic FR Concepts p. 342 Key FRF Implementation Agreements p. 355 CIR Considerations p. 363 Service Level Metrics p. 368 Other Services, Capabilities, and Features p. 371 European Outlook p. 380 Recent Advances in ATM p. 381 Overview and Scope p. 381

4 Applications p. 385 ATM Overview p. 388 ATM Standardization p. 396 Interworking p. 396 MPLS Technology p. 411 Overview p. 412 Key Elements p. 417 MPLS Architecture Overview p. 421 MPLS Basics p. 423 Some Applications of MPLS p. 446 Label Hop-by-Hop Distribution Procedures p. 456 Security Considerations p. 464 Encoding the Label Stack Introduction p. 464 The Label Stack p. 464 Fragmentation and Path MTU Discovery p. 469 Transporting Labeled Packets over PPP p. 474 Transporting Labeled Packets over LAN Media p. 475 IANA Considerations p. 475 Security Considerations p. 476 FR and MPLS p. 476 Endnotes p. 478 Moving Beyond T1: Multilink FR and Other Approaches p. 483 Motivations and Scope p. 485 MFR p. 488 Comparing Alternatives p. 491 IMA p. 491 MLPPP p. 492 MFR p. 493 Endnotes p. 496 Broadband LAN Technologies: GbE and 10GbE p. 497 LAN Introduction p. 497 Standards p. 497 Key Concepts p. 501 MAC Frame Format p. 506 CSMA/CD MAC Method p. 514 Allowable Implementations p. 516 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3z p. 518 Motivations and Goals p. 518 Compatibility with IEEE Standard p. 521 GbE Standard Details p. 523 PMD Sublayer and Baseband Medium, Type 1000BASE-LX (Long-Wavelength Laser) and p BASE-SX (Short-Wavelength Laser)

5 PMD Sublayer and Baseband Medium, Type 1000BASE-CX (Short-Haul Copper) p. 535 PCS, PMA Sublayer, and Baseband Medium, Type 1000BASE-T p. 536 Network Diameter p GbE p. 539 Overview p. 541 Snapshot of Technical Details p. 545 Applications p. 551 WIS, Type 10GBASE-W p. 554 PMD Sublayers p. 567 Other Work, Copper PMD p. 570 ANSI 10GFC p. 572 ESCON/FICON p Gigabit Ethernet Alliance p. 578 Endnotes p. 579 Transparent LAN Services p. 581 Architectures p. 583 TLS Delivery over SONET-Based Private Lines p. 583 TLS Delivery with 10GbE p. 588 TLS Delivery via MPLS p. 588 MPLS-Based Transparent LAN Services p. 591 Conceptual Highlights p. 591 Technical Details p. 597 VPLS Solution Using GRE-Based IP Tunnels p. 613 Architectural Alternatives p. 616 Commonalities and Differences Between Decoupled and Hierarchical Architectures p. 636 Endnotes p. 640 Digital Video and Multimedia Technologies and Applications p. 643 Introduction p. 644 Technical Essentials p. 654 Corporate Applications and QoS Support p. 660 ITU-T H.320/H.323 p. 674 H.320 p. 675 H.323 p. 676 H.324 p. 689 SIP p. 690 H.310 p. 691 Basic Compression Concepts and the MPEG Family p. 694 Digital Video Compression Overview p. 694 JPEG and Motion JPEG p. 710 MPEG-1 p. 711 MPEG-2 p. 714

6 MPEG-4 p. 718 MPEG-7 p. 726 MPEG-21 p. 739 Endnotes p. 754 About the Author p. 759 Index p. 761 Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.