Propaganda Techniques

Transcription

1 Propaganda Techniques

2 Propaganda Techniques Propaganda techniques and persuasive tactics are used to influence people to believe, buy, or do something.

3 Name Calling This is an attack on a person instead of an issue. This technique links a person, or idea, to a negative symbol. The technique is used with the hope that the audience will reject the person or the idea on the basis of the negative symbol, instead of looking at the available evidence. You attack someone personally by bringing up unrelated and embarrassing details.

4 Name-Calling

5 Name-Calling The speaker criticizes a person/product with little or no reason or evidence. At Burger King Restaurant, you can always get your flame-broiled Whopper sandwich made your way. We are proud to say we are individuals, not billions.

6 Sweeping Generalizations/Stereotyping Makes an oversimplified statement about a group based on limited information. Suggests all members of a group are exactly the same, with the same characteristics and faults.

7 Sweeping Generalizations Teenagers drive too fast, drink too much, listen to nothing but rap music, and have no sense of responsibility!

8 Emotional Appeal Tries to persuade the reader by using words that appeal to the reader s emotions instead of to logic or reason. Plays on the audience s deep-seated emotions. Politicians or advertisers use this technique hope to redirect attention away from the merits of a particular proposal and toward steps that can be taken to reduce the emotion.

9 Emotional Appeal

10 York Peppermint Patty

11 Pepsi Advertisement

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14 Bridgestone Tires Commercial

15 Testimonial Persuades the reader by using a famous person to endorse a product or idea Technique uses an authority or famous person to recommend and/or endorse a product or idea. Celebrity Doctor Teacher An ordinary person who vouches for the product s value

16 Got Milk? Ad

17 Got Milk Ad? Manning Brothers Growing up, Dad always called the best plays- like making us drink plenty of milk.

18 Got Milk? Ad Look and feel good. Forever and always. Drink three glasses of milk a day - your life will be complete!

19 Encyclopedia Britannica

20 Welch s Grape Juice

21 American Express

22 Repetition/The Big Lie Repetition attempts to persuade the reader by repeating a message over and over again.

23 Repetition/The Big Lie You create a lie or take an unproved accusation and then you repeat it endlessly until it is accepted as fact. A lie told often enough becomes the truth. ---Lenin ( )

24 Wendy s

25 Bandwagon A bandwagon appeal tries to persuade the reader to do, think or buy something because it is popular or because everyone is doing it

26 Bandwagon Everyone else is doing it, and so should you Appeals to the desire, common to most of us, to follow the crowd Jump on the bandwagon! Tries to persuade the viewer to do, think, or buy something because it is popular Everyone else is doing it

27 Bandwagon Everyone in Lemmingtown is behind Jim Duffie for Mayor. Shouldn't you be part of this winning team?

28 Maxwell House

29 M n M s

30 Chuck E. Cheese

31 Stacking the Cards An appeal to numbers, facts, or statistics attempts to persuade the reader by showing how many people think something is true.

32 Stacking the Cards/Half Truth Appeals to numbers, facts, and/or statistics Propagandist carefully uses only those facts and opinions that favor his/her argument Unfavorable facts or truths are conveniently left out Attempts to persuade the reader by showing how many people think it is true

33 Stacking the Cards/Half Truths Be suspicious when you hear phrases like- Nine out of ten doctors say Surveys show that Very good chance you are not getting the ENTIRE story

34 Dangling Comparisons

35 Subway Ad

36 Subway- Only 6 grams of fat! Well. Their advertisements say that they have 7 subs with 6 grams of fat or less. What you don t know is that you can only get a sub with 6 grams of fat if you don t put all of your favorite condiments on them. We're talking just bread and meat! You only see this in really small type at the bottom of the advertisement where it says, "Addition of condiments or cheese alters nutrition content."

37 Stacking the Cards/Half Truth A regular six inch Subway Club sandwich has only 5 grams of fat with 297 calories. If you order the same sandwich with cheese and condiments (onions, lettuce, tomatoes, pickles, peppers, olives, and mayonnaise), you get a sub with 40 more grams of fat and almost 750 calories! A Burger King Whopper with cheese has less calories and only 1 more gram of fat! Subway s advertisement for 7 subs under 6 grams of fat may not be a lie, but it doesn't tell the entire truth, either.

38 Cheerios

39 DioLight

40 Red Herring Technique is an attempt to distract the reader with details not relevant to the argument.

41 Red Herring Teacher- Where is your homework, Leigh? Leigh- Mrs. Anderson, did you see the basketball game last night? Teacher- Yes, I can t believe that George Mason beat UConn!

42 Apple Computer ad

43 Mac Ad Compares Mac users and Ferrari car owners The only thing Mac is trying to do is make some excuse for the fact that not many people own one of their computers. So, they tried to relate it to a completely irrelevant topic in hopes that some viewers would overlook the facts about why people do not buy Macs and think instead about whatever Mac wants them to think. In this case, the facts are twisted and Mac seems like a prestigious company that only an elite few use, just like Ferraris. However, this logic is very flawed and needs to be thought through a little more.

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45 Geico Auto Insurance

46 Hyundai

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48 Circular Argument States a conclusion as part of the proof of the argument.

49 Circular Argument "What you are doing must be criminal, otherwise it wouldn't be against the law" The book is right because the book says it is right. "I'm right because I'm right." "There isn't a problem with the rule, because if everyone obeyed it there wouldn't be a problem." "Piracy is wrong because it's against the law, and it's against the law because it's wrong." "X is stupid because he's an idiot."

50 Popular 70 s commercials

51 Product Placement The process which integrates an advertiser's product into movies and TV shows for clear, on-screen visibility. It is part of the rapidly expanding entertainment industry reaching millions of people daily through movies, television, and video.

52 Product Placement Apple laptop on 24

53 Movie Poster

54 Product Placement Audi in I-Robot

55 American Idol

56 Virtual Product Placement The box of Oreos was not on the table when FRIENDS first aired on NBC. It was added when the show was made available on DVD and in syndication- thus exposing millions more to the product

57 Product Placement CBS news story Transformers Movie