Calculation of Baseline Emissions for Biogas Project

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1 Calculation of Baseline Emissions for Biogas Project 6th March 2008 Atsuko Nuibe Clean Energy Finance Committee

2 How to calculate the emission reductions? CERs = Emission Reduction = Baseline Emission Project Emission Leakage Baseline - Hypothetical scenario - What would happen in the absence of the proposed CDM Project (Not necessarily the continuation of current practice) GHG emissions Baseline Emission CERs Without the CDM Emission Reduction Options for Crediting period: With the CDM Project Emission Year - 7 years with 2 renewals (= 21 years) - 10 year fix (one time only) Crediting Period 1

3 <Case of Biogas generated from wastewater treatment> Avoid/Recover CH4 emission in Biogas (AMS III.H.) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) How does Biogas project reduce GHG? Substitution of aerobic wastewater or sludge treatment system with anaerobic treatment with CH4 recovery and combustion Introduction of anaerobic sludge treatment with CH4 recovery and combustion to existing wastewater treatment system without sludge treatment system Introduction of CH4 recovery and combustion to existing sludge treatment system Introduction of CH4 recovery and combustion to existing anaerobic wastewater treatment system such as anaerobic reactor, lagoon, septic tank or an on site industrial plant Introduction of anaerobic wastewater treatment with CH4 recovery and combustion with or without anaerobic sludge treatment, to untreated wastewater stream Introduction of sequential stage of wastewater treatment with CH4 recovery and combustion, with or without sludge treatment, to existing anaerobic wastewater treatment system without CH4 recovery. 2

4 Reduce fossil fuel consumption by supplying renewable energy - less coal consumption by generating steam from the biogas combustion - less diesel oil consumption for in-house power generation by utilizing biogas - less power generation of thermal power plant by supplying power to the grid 3

5 Palm Oil Mill Palm Oil Mill Flare POME CH 4 POME X Captured biogas (CH4) Anaerobic Open-Lagoons Final effluent To waterway Without project Capture of CH4 emission Aeration Final effluent Bio-digester To waterway (Closed wastewater treatment plant) With project 4

6 5 Baseline Emissions

7 Closed Wastewater Treatment Project Palm Oil Mill Palm Oil Mill Flare POME COD_ww,untreated POME X Captured biogas (CH4) Anaerobic Open-Lagoons 6 Final effluent To waterway Without project MCF_ww,treatment Capture of CH4 emission Aeration Final effluent Bio-digester (Closed wastewater treatment plant) With project To waterway

8 Which value for MCF of BE? MCF_ww,treatment 7

9 Project Emissions Project emissions 6 sources 8

10 Palm Oil Mill Palm Oil Mill Flare PE_fugitive POME CH 4 POME Captured biogas (CH4) PE_power Anaerobic Open-Lagoons PE_s,bottling PE_ww,treated Final effluent To waterway Without project Bottled biogas PE_s,final Aeration Final effluent Bio-digester (Closed wastewater treatment plant) With project To waterway PE_dissolved 9

11 Apply appropriate values for MCFs 10

12 (a) (b) (a) (b) 11

13 Which value for MCF of PE? MCF_ww,final MCF_ww,treatmen t 12

14 Palm Oil Mill Palm Oil Mill Flare With project POME COD_ww,untreated POME Captured biogas (CH4) COD_ww,treated Anaerobic Open-Lagoons Final effluent Aeration To waterway Without project Bio-digester Final effluent (Closed wastewater treatment plant) To waterway MCF_ww,treatment (lower value) MCF_ww,treatment (higher value) MCF_ww,final (higher value) 13

15 14 Exercise

16 Let s calculate... Project type: - Anaerobic reactor to replace open-lagoon The emission reduction activities: -Recover/Flare CH4 emission from the reactor The methodologies to be applied: -Type III.H. version 08 CH4 Recovery in Wastewater Treatment 15

17 Assumptions for calculation (1/2) Baseline emissions Project emissions 16 (i) CH4 emissions from untreated wastewater MCF ww,treatment : 0.8 (IPCC lower value for Anaerobic deep lagoon ) (ii) CH4 emissions from sludge It is assumed that sludge generated by the baseline treatment system is to be used for soil application. No CH4 emissions would occur from the decay of the final sludge. (i) Emissions from electricity use due to the project activity Project electricity consumption of 1.5MWh/day (Operational day: 250 days/year) CO 2 emission factor: 0.8 t-co 2 /MWh (ii) CH4 emissions through inefficiency of the wastewater treatment B 0,ww : 0.21 kg-ch 4 /kg.cod (IPCC default value) MCF ww,final : 0.1 (IPCC higher value for Aerobic treatment, well managed ) COD ww,untreated : 0.05 t/m 3 (50,000 ppm) COD removal rate (treatment efficiency): 95% (5% of COD remains in the treated wastewater) Q ww : 1,000 m 3 /day (Operational day: 250 days/year)

18 Assumptions for calculation (2/2) Project emissions (iii) CH4 emissions from the decay of the final sludge It is assumed that sludge generated by the treatment system is to be used for soil application. No CH4 emissions would occur from the decay of the final sludge. (iv) CH4 fugitive emissions through inefficiencies in capture and flare systems. CFE ww : 0.9 (default value for enclosed flare) MCF ww,treatment : 1.0 (IPCC higher value for Anaerobic digester without CH4 recovery ) 17

CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 22 December 2006 CONTENTS

CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 22 December 2006 CONTENTS A. General description of the small scale project activity B. Application