Basic Causes of WWII. Nationalism, Militarism, Imperialism. (Sound familiar?)

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1 Basic Causes of WWII Nationalism, Militarism, Imperialism (Sound familiar?)

2 Basic Causes of WWII Axis Philosophy and Aggression (Germany, Italy, Japan) Fascist totalitarianism Scorned democratic ideals, world peace, and declared their intent to destroy democracies

3 Basic Causes of WWII Axis Philosophy and Aggression Militarism Prepared their people for the honor and adventure of fighting and dying for their country Developed new weapons, new techniques, and large militaries

4 Basic Causes of WWII Axis Philosophy and Aggression Nationalism Narrow bigoted nationalism All of them considered themselves superior and destined to rule over lesser people

5 Basic Causes of WWII

6 Basic Causes of WWII Axis Philosophy and Aggression Imperialism They claimed to be have not nations and needed land and resources Japan New Order in Asia would be Japanese dominated Italy wanted to enlarge their African Empire and make the Mediterranean Sea an Italian Lake Germany aimed toward European domination and eventually world domination

7 Other Causes of WWII Failure of appeasement Giving in to avoid confrontation Made concessions hoping the dictators would be satisfied and stop aggression

8 Other Causes of WWII Failure of Collective Security Democratic nations failed to act together to stop aggression

9 Other Causes of WWII American Neutrality Laws U.S. still trying to be isolationist Prohibited sales of war implements Favored prepared aggressor nations over ill-prepared victims Laws also implied the US would do nothing to stop Axis aggression in Asia and Europe

10 Steps to War Japan, Germany, and Italy form an alliance known as the Axis Did one act of aggression after another with little to no opposition from European nations or the US

11 Manchuria ( ) Japan conquered Manchuria League of Nations protested and was ignored 1 st show of weakness Steps to War

12 Ethiopia (1936) Italy invaded League of Nations protested..same old story Steps to War

13 German remilitarization 1935 Hitler has conscription Violates Versailles Treaty 1936 Hitler moves back into the Rhineland Experienced no real opposition even though Germany now had a limited military strength Violates Versailles Treaty Steps to War

14 Steps to War Spanish Civil War ( ) Seen as a prelude to WWII Fascists led by Francisco Franco vs. Loyalists Franco got aid from Hitler and Mussolini Loyalists got limited aid and volunteers from Britain, France, and the US Franco wins

15 Photograph by Robert Capra; Spanish loyalist at the instant of death Spanish Civil War

16 Guernica by Pablo Picasso

17 China ( ) Steps to War Japan invades and takes control of the coastal areas of China Chinese get some aid and support from Britain and the US through Burma and Tibet Rape of Nanking Thousands of Chinese citizens were slaughtered when the Japanese took this city

18

19 Austria (1938) Hitler annexed Austria saying all German-speaking people belonged within one German nation Anschluss means union between Austria and Germany Violated the Versailles Treaty but very little was said Steps to War

20 Czechoslovakia (1938) Hitler demanded possession of the Sudetenland Area of western Czechoslovakia Had German-speaking people there Claimed these people were oppressed and abused by Czech government (untrue) Steps to War

21 Czechoslovakia said NO! Turns to Britain and France for help Czechoslovakia was one of only 2 remaining democracies in Eastern Europe (Finland was the other), but Britain and France were not willing to go to war to save it Munich Conference (Sept. 1938) Steps to War

22 Munich Conference Steps to War Britain and France continue their policy of appeasement Neville Chamberlain (British Prime Minister) and Edouard Daladier (French Premier) gave in to Hitler s demands Hitler promised it would be his last request for territory Czechs felt betrayed

23 Steps to War Chamberlain went home to cheering crowds and told everyone I have established peace in our time.

24

25

26 6 months after the Munich Conference, Hitler seized the rest of Czechoslovakia Albania (1939) Annexed by Mussolini Gives control of the Adriatic Sea to Italy Steps to War

27 Poland (1939) Hitler demands the return of the city of Danzig and the Polish Corridor Taken by the Treaty of Versailles Has German-speaking people living there Steps to War

28

29 Steps to War Finally, Britain and France say ENOUGH! They draw the line if Hitler invades Poland, there will be war. France and Britain also expect their old ally, Russia (now USSR), to back them up Mainly because Fascists and Communists don t like each other HATRED?

30 SURPRISE!!! Steps to War Germany and USSR announce a Non-Aggression Pact Divided Poland between Germany and USSR Gave USSR the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) USSR secretly promised to sell supplies to Germany Hitler avoids a 2-front war

31 Molotov signs the Non-aggression Pact

32

33 Sept. 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland Steps to War

34 Sept. 3, 1939 Britain and France declare war Steps to War WORLD WAR II BEGINS

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