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1 Capturing CO 2 from anthropogenic sources: innovative solutions and industrial projects Fabrice Delcorso, Nicolas Perrin Les Rencontres Internationales du Havre, September 12-13th 2013, Le Havre, France
2 Anthropogenic CO 2 sources are a reality Industrial merchant CO 2 : Worldwide market ~ 20 Mtpy Main applications: beverage, plant growth, food Mainly anthropogenic rich sources with >95% CO 2 content (economics): Petrochemicals: NH 3, HyCO, EO Fermentation: Bioethanol, distillery Typical recovery per source: tpd Air Liquide: AL policy is to develop only recovery sources (~ 90% today): No new dedicated combustion All CO 2 wells to be closed Rich sources > 95% of sourcing CO 2 sources for EOR* in NA (~ 50 Mtpy) are essentially wells * EOR: Enhanced Oil Recovery 2 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
3 CO 2 capture from large anthropogenic sources for CCUS 1 Air Boiler Post combustion capture Example: Amines Post-combustion Oxy-combustion Pre-combustion/IGCC Industrial applications Fossil fuels (e.g. Coal) 2 Oxy-boiler Cryogenic Purification (CPU) Compression or liquefaction 3 O 2 Transport Partial Oxidation Gasification Gasifier Reforming Rectisol (CTC) Purisol (IGCC) 4 Air Liquide solutions SMR Steel (Blast Furnace) Cryogenic Purification (CPU) Storage CCS, EOR 3 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France PSA
4 Agenda Capture technology selection and innovative solutions Power projects Examples of industrial projects 4 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
5 Selection of CO 2 capture technologies Technology for the whole range of CO 2 feed and product purities CO 2 Product Purity Absorption MEDAL TM Membranes Cryogenics (CPU) CRYOCAP H 2 CRYOCAP OXY CRYOCAP Steel (V)PSA 1% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Feed CO 2 content 5 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
6 Example of Oxy-Combustion for power production CO 2 recycle = CPU = Cryocap TM Oxy CO 2 ESP* FGD* CO 2 cryogenic purification unit CO 2 transport & storage / use Boiler Ash Sulphur Water, inert gases Coal steam turbine steam O 2 Mixer ASU Blocks required for CCS AIR *ESP: Electro-Static Precipitation. FGD: Flue Gas Desulphurization 6 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France 6
7 Efficiency of cryogenic ASU* drastically improved * ASU: Air Separa,on Unit (O 2 produc,on) 260 Separation Energy* in kwh / t O % Integration benefit Pure O 2 IGCC OXY LE 2013 OXY XLE 2017 Target * Compression energy not included, calculated at 15 C, 1 atm, 60% humidity 7 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France 7
8 Cryogenics / Membrane combination enables up to 98% capture TO ATMOSPHERE FLUE GAS CO 2 8 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
9 ALIVE solution enables energy storage Off-peak: low electricity prices O 2 storage Peak: high electricity prices O 2 consumption Cheap power is valued by generating O 2 Minimum output is sold to the grid ASU run at minimal power Maximum output is sold to the grid ASU power Electricity to grid ASU power Electricity to grid O 2 gas O 2 gas N 2 liquid N 2 liquid O 2 liquid O 2 liquid Surplus of O 2 is stored Stored O 2 supply for additional power generation Cheap generation of O 2 to storage Maximum power sale to the grid 9 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France 9
10 Agenda Capture technology selection and innovative solutions Power projects Examples of industrial projects 10 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
11 Main Air Liquide CO 2 Projects (Start-up date) TOTAL Lacq - FRANCE (2010) CO 2 Free Steam Generation 30 MWth oxy-combustion boiler with CO 2 capture & storage AL scope: burners, O 2, CO 2 dryer AIR LIQUIDE Port-Jérôme, FR (2014) Green SMR CO2 capture for liquid production AL scope: investment including CPU & Membrane ULCOS Florange - FRANCE Low CO2 Steelmaking Industrial blast furnace with CO 2 capture & storage AL scope: ASU & CPU study FUTUREGEN 2.0 USA (2017) Clean coal power plant ~165 MWe Oxy-coal Power plant with CO 2 capture for CCS AL scope: ASU, CPU & mixer CIUDEN SPAIN (2011/2012) Carbon Capture test facility 20 MWth PC & 30 MWth CFB oxy-combustion boilers AL scope: CPU ENDESA SPAIN Clean coal power plant 300 MWe Oxy-coal Power plant with CO 2 capture for CCS AL scope: ASU FEED Power / steam Industrial Callide Oxyfuel AUSTRALIA (2012) Clean power pilot plant 30 MWe coal oxy-combustion boiler with CO 2 partial capture and storage AL scope: ASU, CPU 11 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
12 Total Lacq (France): the only integrated Oxy-CCS operation worldwide Ü Retrofit of a 30 MWth NG boiler to OxyC with CO 2 storage in depleted NG field. Operation Ü AL Scope: Oxy-burners design & supply, oxygen supply and CO 2 Rich Flue Gas dryer Ü Successful > 12,000 h dryer operation with various regeneration gases and NO x in feed gas 12 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
13 The largest operating Oxy-Coal Pilot Project worldwide ~100 MWth boiler retrofit to Oxycombustion AL scope: 2 ASUs (660 tpd) & CPU (75 tpd) CO 2 Capture Start-up: December 2012 Fully upscalable CO 2 CPU pilot CPU Operation >1100 hours 13 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
14 CIUDEN Carbon Capture test platform, Spain Location: Ponferrada, Leon, Spain Owned & operated by CIUDEN 20 MWth PC & 30 MWth CFB boilers AL scope: Cryocap TM Oxy CPU technology >3000 hrs Oxy CFB, > 2200 hrs CPU operation (warm) <1ppm SO 2 at scrubber outlet <1ppm H 2 O at dryer outlet Cryogenic operation close to CO 2 triple point 14 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France 14
15 FutureGen 2.0 large scale integrated Oxy-CCS project, USA 167 MWe gross coal power plant repowering ~1.0 Mtpy Capture in Meredosia, IL 25 miles pipeline to geological storage AL: 3200 mtpd ASU, 3500 mtpd CPU, mixer Aug. 2010: $1 billion DOE Grant awarded 2012: Pre-FEED / Phase 1 completed and PPA June 2014: FEED > 99% CO 2 Purity Removes remaining SO X, moisture, PM, Hg, and NO X 98% CO 2 recovery 15 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
16 Agenda Capture technology selection and innovative solutions Power projects Examples of industrial projects 16 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
17 Cryocap TM H 2 project at Port Jérôme, France First Worldwide reference of Cryocap TM H 2 Technology for SMR Designed and under construction by Air Liquide on an industrial unit: 100 ktpy CO 2 capture, purification (food-grade) and liquefaction Upscalable technologies Start-up end September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
18 Cryocap TM Steel for (Top Gas Recycle) Blast Furnaces CO CO 2 H2 (N 2 ) CO, H 2 ( N 2 ) CO, H 2 (N 2 ) CO 2 Rich offgas CPU Export CO 2 PSA O 2 CO, H 2 (N 2 ) ASU TGRBF principle: Nitrogen Free / Full Oxygen Blast Furnace CO 2 separation from CO and H 2 which are recycled to BF Purification and compression of CO 2 before storage / use Cryocap TM Steel ready for industrial scale demonstration 18 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France
19 Conclusion Merchant sources are typically > 95% CO 2 anthropogenic Best CO 2 capture depends on feed CO 2 content & product specs Innovative solutions reduce capture cost for lower %CO 2 sources Large scale projects are under way Industrial sources offer short term opportunities 19 September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France 19
20 DOE acknowlegment and Disclaimer for FG September 2013 RIH 2013, Le Havre, France 20
21 Thank you for your attention Total Lacq, France Callide Oxyfuel, Australia CIUDEN, Spain
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