Save the Children Cross-border Project Against Trafficking and Exploitation of Migrant and Vulnerable Children

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1 Save the Children Cross-border Project Against Trafficking and Exploitation of Migrant and Vulnerable Children For more information contact: Save the Children UK South-East and East Asia Regional Office 14th Floor Maneeya Center Building 518/5 Ploenchit Road, Lumpini, Patumwan Bangkok Tel +66 (0) (-88) Fax +66 (0) REGISTERED CHARITY NO Save the Children UK, April 2006 IMPORTANT NOTE; The children photographed in this leaflet are advocates in their communities and are not victims of trafficking.

2 Save the Children believes that every child should be protected from harm. No child should suffer from abuse and exploitation. Child trafficking is one of the worst forms of the violation of children s rights causing immense physical and emotional suffering, even death, among thousands of children and young people. Trafficked children suffer separation from their families, hunger and sickness, loss of their sense of human dignity and identity, loss of their freedom of movement and the bitterness of being deceived, stigmatised, and marginalised. For over five years now, Save the Children has been striving to address this form of abuse and exploitation of children in the six countries in the Mekong River basin in Southeast Asia. Here, thousands of children have been falling prey into the hands of exploitative individuals. Children are trafficked for purposes of labour and sexual exploitation, as well as illegal adoption. Trafficking in the sub-region is facilitated both by the large crossborder organised rings of human traffickers, unscrupulous employers as well as by smaller chains of local recruiters or agents who often live in the same communities as the children themselves. Growth and Disparities of the Greater Mekong Sub-region The Greater Mekong Sub-region is enjoying rapid economic growth. There is a regional economic integration plan that supports vast infrastructure, communication, and transportation development, and opens the borders of the six countries to freer flow of goods and commodities. There is a huge economic disparity between and within countries in the region. Fast growing countries including China, Thailand, and Vietnam- attract migrants from Lao PDR, What are the problems Cambodia, and Myanmar that are among the least developed countries globally. Border policies though remain restrictive and many migrant workers have little choice but to go through risky migration processes. The undocumented migrants in destination areas, both across borders and in-country, and the people from vulnerable agricultural, ethnic, and displaced communities in places of origin are the main targets of human traffickers. The Greater Mekong Sub-region The Mekong River flows from the Yunnan Province of China, through Laos PDR, Thailand, Cambodia, and finally exits to the South China Sea in the coasts of Southern Vietnam. The Mekong River has been a major means of livelihood, transportation, and exchange among the peoples, mostly ethnic groups, living along its banks. The Mekong has historically linked these communities who have such diverse and rich cultures and traditions, and continues to do so in recent times as they experience changes in their economic, political, and social life. The issue of child trafficking is closely associated with the wider issue of migration. Children can be trafficked from their places of origin or after they have reached transit or destination sites. There is a growing understanding in the region now that not all trafficked persons were lured unwillingly from their places of origin. There are migrant children who leave home voluntarily with apparently positive future prospects but then falls prey to traffickers once he or she reaches the final destination. Trafficking in children in the Mekong sub-region occurs because there is a demand for child labour. Children are perceived by traffickers as a key source of docile and cheap labour, for example, in sweatshops, plantations, or fisheries. Discrimination and lack of system to protect migrant children is a major factor for such an alarming situation of child trafficking in the Mekong sub-region. The migrant children s vulnerability make them easy preys for human traffickers and other groups of exploiters and abusers.

3 What we have achieved since Children s participation in concrete actions and policy advocacy protect children from trafficking Children s participation has been a hallmark of the project and it has succeeded in engaging children at many different levels from regional policy forums through to active participation in community life and in SC UK project management External Evaluation Report 2005 Over 12,600 children and young people are actively engaged and leading the project initiatives across the region. Gathered over 350 children in national and regional meetings that facilitated children s dialogues with government officials who are responsible for developing anti-trafficking policies.( Mekong Children s Forum with ILO TICW) 2.Awareness and mobilisation of children and communities Grassroots level formal and informal networks of local government agencies, community based organisations, civil society groups, and children s groups working against human trafficking have been organised in over 150 villages in the region Models of community based actions preventing trafficking in children, ending baby trafficking, supporting safe migration, and promoting children s active participation in community life have been established More than 340,000 individuals have been reached by creative awareness raising campaigns Over 17,500 school children in 42 public schools across Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, and Vietnam, and to at least 52,000 children and young people both in-school and out of school in Myanmar have learned about life skills that could help protect themselves from harm now and in the future 3.Better policy environments that enable positive actions for protection of children and prevention of trafficking in children The project has contributed to the development of government authorities understanding on the issue of human trafficking at local, national, and regional levels, through practical trainings, conduct of study visits, participation in government consultations at various levels, providing technical assistance and participation in technical working groups A still informal but government led return procedures across the Thailand-Myanmar border is now in place as an outcome of the cooperation among Save the Children, the Thai Bureau of Anti-trafficking in Women and Children, the Myanmar Department of Social Welfare, the UNIAP, IOM, and World Vision International Cross-border links among the official women s mass organisations, police, provincial authorities, other leaders, and children s groups between China and Vietnam now exist as an outcome of the work done by Save the Children and other international and governmental agencies along this critical border. 4.Facilitated the delivery of basic services to target groups of trafficked children and women From , over 3,200 vulnerable children and 1500 vulnerable women benefited from the project through educational and health support, vocational training, livelihood projects, and psychosocial support across the six Mekong sub-region countries. Over 400 women and children cross-border returnees received reintegration support facilitation of family reunification, community based psychosocial support, livelihood, legal, education and health, access to national registration cards. Many of these returnees have become partners of the project in its advocacy in local communities.

4 The Cross-border Project Phase 3 (April March 2009) From April 2006 to March 2009, the Save the Children Cross-border Project will address the issue of trafficking in children in the Mekong sub-region following the children s migration paths. The project will support the development of child protection system for children at risk and for vulnerable migrant children in places of origin, transit, and destination. To strengthen protection traffickd children, the project will support the development of stronger victim idintification, rescue, recovery and return and reintegration procedures. It will support the emergence of practice standards on reintegration and promote the development and implementation of child protection policies in various other programmes that directly interact with trafficked children. Save the Children will continue to bring to the fore the voices of children and grassroots communities in the creation of policy environments that are responsive to the interests of the children and other people most affected by trafficking issue. Key Principle: The enjoyment of rights stipulated in the Convention are not limited to children who are citizens of a State party and must therefore, if not explicitly stated otherwise in the Convention, also be available to all children- including asylum seeking, refugee and migrant children - irrespective of their nationality, immigration status, or statelessness. General Comment No. 6 (2005): Treatment of unaccompanied and separated children outside their country of origin Committee on the Rights of the child Thirty-ninth session, 17 May - 3 June 2005 Project Purpose: Models of child protection systems are developed and promoted for the children most at risk as a result of in-country and cross-border migration Project Outputs: Output 1 Appropriate community-based child protection systems established in 37 key project sites in places of origin Output 3 Procedures and community models developed for reintegration of trafficking victims in target areas where return occurs Output 2 Appropriate child protection models for in-country and cross-border migrant children are operational in 33 key project sites in destination and transit areas Output 4 National and regional policies discussions related to human trafficking, migration, and child protection are informed by children s views and grassroots experiences

5 Our target groups Vulnerable children in places of origin Children from very poor and uninformed households, particularly from ethnic communities, and those who are not in school Children from families experiencing domestic violence Children in communities along country borders (who can easily cross borders illegally) Refugees and victims of natural disasters, especially those who have lost their parents Children from uninformed and unorganised communities and families who are within tourism and economic development zones/areas Children of migrant workers left in places of origin (in single parent households if either the father or the mother migrated for work, or in the care of relatives or neighbours if both parents migrated for work) Trafficked children Returning children through the repatriation processes or vulnerable children who are voluntarily returning to their places of origin Vulnerable cross-border or incountry migrant children, particularly those who are alone without their families, those who are undocumented, and those who are exploited through child labour (informal sector, fisheries, plantations, households, factories), in sex trade, in illicit work (drugs, organised thefts, selling of smuggled goods), in forced marriage, or subjected to physical harm Stateless children (*Save the Children works in selected districts of these provinces) We work where children are most vulnerable including in ethnic comunities, and where population mobility is high. Many of our project sites are located in border areas where the locals, travellers, traders, and others cross borders on a daily basis -- where human trafficking could be invisible.

6 Our Implementing Partners SC UK works with those most affected whether at risk or on return, it is an organisation with a personal commitment to individuals who are caught up in the process in this respect SC UK is both an international and national organisation working on policy but also on the ground. - Feedback from a project partner, excerpted from Phase 2 External Evaluation Report Save the Children works with various organisations from different sectors, including government agencies, international organisations, mass organisations, local and international NGOs, and UN agencies. The aim is to harness the partners mandate and capacities to work for effective child protection system and durable solutions to the issue of human trafficking Our institutional partners as we start the third phase of the project include; China: Women s Federation, Labour Authority, Youth League, Minority Affairs Committee, and International NGO Office Laos: Save the Children Australia, Lao Youth Union, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Myanmar: Department of Social Welfare, Literacy and Culture Association, and Ministry of Public Health Vietnam: Women s Union, People s Committee, Children Population and Families Committee Thailand: Bureau of Anti-trafficking in Women and Children, Grassroots Human Rights Education, Foundation For Women, Foundation for Children, Sampran Network, Save our daughters network, TRAFCORD, Labour Rights Promotion Network Cambodia: Children and Love Association Participation of Children and Young People in Our Project It is only by involving children and young people directly in the project that lasting positive changes can be achieved in the children s lives. In the project, Children are actively involved from the beginning when we do the needs assessments, to planning, implementation, through to monitoring and evaluation. Children conduct researches on migration and human trafficking situation in their communities. Children are present in planning, discussing their ideas with other project partners. With the support from adults, children and young people form their own committees and groups to carry out project activities. Some even raise funds for some of the activities. The project aims to develop the full leadership potentials of our children partners and bring them forward as the best champions for their own cause. Because of the opportunity to participate the children s forum, together with the knowledge I have learned, I feel that I become more confident. I believe I will have a better future. As long as I continue studying, I believe my dream will come true. Pa Dao, 18, current student of Xishuangbanna Vocational Technology College

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