RESOURCES SECURITY STRATEGIES IN CHINA: THE CASE OF OIL RESOURCES
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1 RESOURCES SCIENCE Vol. 24 No. 1 Jan ( ) : 21 7 : (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) : ; ; :F12515 ;F ;X91514 :A : (2002) RESOURCES SECURITY STRATEGIES IN CHINA: THE CASE OF OIL RESOURCES WANG Li2mao ( Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing China) Abstract :With the increasing dependence on international oil market oil security becomes a serious problem in China. Suffered theoil crisis developed countries have established effective decurity systems for reducing the risks of oil supply shortage and oil price sluctuation. Being the largest country as well as one of the major oil consumers in the world China is on doubt confronted with the oil security problem which is one of the critical issues for China to solve in achieving the socio2economic sustainable development in the 21 st cetury. To deal with such a situation seven propositions for China are therefore presented. 1) Establishing the national oil reserve institutions and completing the resources security system. 2) Engaging in resources2oriented diplo2 macy and creating a favorable environment for Chinese companies to exploit overseas recources. 3) Developing long2term resources partnership with neighboring countries and keeping its stability. 4) Supporting the develop2 ment of Chinese transnational corporations and incorporating them into China s global resources strategies. 5) Reducing the risk of resources supply shortage by diversifying resources suppliers to oil supply for example establishing multi2importers system which can avoid the negative influence of monos2supplier on socioeconom2 ic development. 6) Reducing oil consumption by building resources2saving economic structure and making great efforts to develop substitute resources. 7) Joining and organizing regional energy security systems. Key words :Resources Security ; Strategy ; China [13 ] [57 ] ( ) [4 ] : ; : : ( : ) ( :CXIOG- BOO - 02) : (1962) Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
2 Table 2 Oil supply suspended worldwide and the causes 1993 () ( d - 1 ) t t (1) Table 1 Net oil import of China since 1993 ( 10 4 t) : ; ; ; : t [8 ] 1 [9 ] [10 11 ] Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
3 24 1 : t t ; d 120d 90d 120d t ; (CNPC) 90d t t 2 (1) 1 Fig. 1 China strategic oil reserve system % ( ) [13 ] a 8716a 60d 90d 135d 1999 : 2001 [ % ] d t 2Π1 40d 20d ; d t Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved Π3 [12 ]
4 [15 17 ] % 5316 % ( ) [16 ] ; Table 3 Overseas output of U. S major oil companies ( ) ( ) ( %) ( ) : [17 ] Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
5 24 1 : 9 5 Table 5 Regional structure of China oil import ( %) : ; 5. 1 : Table 4 Regional structure of U. S oil import( ) ( %) : Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
6 [ 4 ]. [ M]. : HU Yuan2zi et al. Globalization and China[M]. Beijing :Central Compilation & Translation Press [ 5 ] Cavanagh J. Globalization : fine for some and bad for many [N]. International Herald Tribune [ 6 ]. [ M]. : WANG Yi2zhou International 7 Security in Globalization Times[M]. Shang hai :Shang hai Peo2 ple Press [ 7 ]. [J ] (7). WEN Jun. State economic security and its inspi2 ration for China[J ]. China Soft Sciences 1997 (7). IEA [ 8 ]. [J ] (2). ZHAO Hong2tu LI Rong. Necessity of 2010 establishing strategic oil reserve in China[J ]. Economy of Inter t national Petroleum (2). t ( [ 9 ]. [ M]. : ) ZHANG Bi2qiong. Economic Globalization :Risk and Control[M]. Beijing :China Society Press [10 ]. [J ] (3). WANG Wei2ming. Fighting for oil during the alterna2 tive of the century[j ]. Modern international relationship 1998 (3). [11 ]. [ M]. : XU Xiao2jie Geo2politics of Petroleum and Natural Gas in the New Century [ M]. Beijing : Social Sciences Document Press [12 ]. [J ] (6). ZHANG Wen2mu. Military technology revolution and future security of China[J ]. China National Condition and IEA Power 1999 (6). [13 ] ( OQJ ) IEA [J ] (1). HUANG Yan2ping (translation of selected passages fromoqj ). Main countries and regions remainder proven de2 posits of oil and natural gas in 1999[J ]. World Petroleum Indus2 IEA try (1). [14 ] [J ] (2). TIAN Chun2rong. Analysis of China oil import & export in 1999 [ J ]. Economy of International Petroleum 2000 (2). IEA [15 ]. [J ] (7). LANG Yi2huan et al. Resources complemen2 tarity and cooperation prospective between China and African countries[j ]. China Soft Sciences 1998 (7). [16 ]. [ N ] (7). YAN Xue2tong. Development based upon friendly relation2 ( References) : ships with neighboring countries[n]. Global Times [ 1 ] Robertson R. Globalization[M]. London : Sage [ 2 ] Giddens A. The Consequences of Modernity[ M]. Cambridge : Polity [ 3 ] Harvey D. The Condition of Post modernity [ M ]. Oxford : Blackwell (7). [17 ]. [ M]. : CHEN Bao2sen Global Competition of American Transnational Corporations[ M]. Bei2 jing :Chinese Social Sciences Press Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
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