Integrated Aflatoxin Control Management in Indonesia

Transcription

1 Integrated Aflatoxin Control Management in Indonesia Endang S. Rahayu Department of Food Agricultural Product Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Gadjah Mada University Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2 Introduction Mycotoxin problem in tropical countries Due to high temperature and humidity Losses due to aflatoxin problem in Indonesia Economy Health Important commodities Corn Peanut

3 Regulation related to Aflatoxin UU Pangan (No 7, 1996) Peraturan Pemerintah (No 28, 2004) Surat Keputusan Kepala Badan POM RI (2004) SNI/National Indonesian Standard (2006) Level of mycotoxin contamination in food products (draft) Total Aflatoxin max 30 ppb AFB1 max 20 ppb and we care what we eat

4 How integrated program was established Ministry of Agriculture Consultancy Provincial Governor University Provincial of Agriculture Office Guidance District Regent District of Agriculture Office Extension-specialist Extension-worker Industry Farmer Groups / Collectors Small Medium Scale Entrepreneurship Collaborators : Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan & Balitbangda Jawa Tengah, Pemda & Perusda Jepara, Balitkabi Malang, Garuda Food, Dinas Pertanian Endang DIY S.Rahayu, Gapoktan, BB Pasca Panen, Pemda Sragen, UGM

5 Competitive Program B Dept. Food Agricultural Product Technology Gadjah Mada University Universities Research Institutes Government Industries Farmers/Traders Aflatoxin Forum Survey Problem identifications Aflatoxin mapping Department of Agriculture Research Institutes Universities Information Network Preparation of Program Provincial/Local Government Industries Farmers/Traders Guidelines Technologies

6 Agricultural practices (on farm) Guidelines Technologies Post-harvest practices (off farm) Reduction of aflatoxin level Implementation of the Programs Training/Guidance Research Increasing the productivity Increasing quality and safety Low aflatoxin level of agricultural products Increasing market share Increasing awareness of aflatoxin problem Increasing income of farmers

7 Why there is a Forum? Research related to aflatoxins and their controls have been conducted in several research institutes and universities in Indonesia Research and program conducted (related to minimizing aflatoxin contamination) were overlapping each-other caused by limitation of communication Research findings have not been applied effectively to technical levels (farmer, processor, trader, etc) Regulation related to aflatoxin contamination in food is being prepared and should be socialized to stake holders Communication Forum between related parties is needed

8 Aflatoxin Forum Indonesia AFI is a forum communication among government, research institute, university, industry, farmer, and community related to aflatoxin and their effect in health Objectives : To increase the awareness related to aflatoxin To establish integrated program To set up priority to control aflatoxin problem To organize concrete program and activities To support the government in socializing the regulation related to aflatoxin

9 Coordination to set up integrated program for aflatoxin control, between DFAPT and local governments and the agencies

10 Problem identification Problem identification through participatory approach with farmers and traders facilitated by local government agencies (including problems on-farm, preharvest, off-farm/post harvest, market chains)

11 Identified Problem Low productivity For corn about 3.5 ton/ha, max. For peanut about 1 ton/ha, max. 3.5 ton/ha Low quality of seed Less seed (50 kg/ha) which planted (normally kg/ha) Limitation of irrigation, fertilizer and pest control

12 Identified Problem Improper agricultural, post harvest and material handling practices Low quality and safety (high aflatoxin level) low prize and limited market opportunity

13 Updating data on aflatoxin occurrence for the based line of aflatoxin level Malang Tuban Kediri Madura Purbalingga Malang Tuban Kediri Madura Purbalingga Malang Tuban Kediri Madura Purbalingga < >100 AFB farmer retailer % samples contaminated by AFB 1 Pati Agus Wonogir + Klaten Rembang Trad. Market Pati Wonogir Agus + Klaten Rembang Trad. Market % samples contaminated by AFB 1 <20 >20 AFB1 contamination (ppb) Farm er Retailer

14 Agricultural Practices Post Harvest Handling Critical Point for Aflatoxigenic Fungal Infection

15 Improper of seed (Hybrid Corn) Opened covered mature corn at the field stimulate insect damage, followed by infection of aflatoxigenic fungi

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17 Drying - processes Silo Dryer Dirjen P2HP Program

18 Hybrid Dryer DFAPT

19 The strategies and programs Establishing comprehensive program for training based on the existing problem - Training and assistance to the local farmer and traders Field School Establishing guidelines for good agricultural practices (including the use of fungus and toxin resistant varieties of plants, proper irrigation techniques and fertilizer practices, pest control, and crop rotation) Establishing guidelines for good post harvest and material handling practices (including drying practices and storage condition)

20 Field School Field School has been designed organized for peanut farmer at producer area. Content : Theory and Field Practices

21 Field Practices Selection of peanut seed Good agronomic practices Good pre and post harvest practices Identification plant diseases

22 Kampung Teknologi JEPARA

23 The strategies and programs Identification, selection, adaptation, and or adoption of specific locally acceptable technologies for the prevention and control aflatoxin in the agricultural practices (on-farm and off-farm) On-farm : preparation of plant resistance to Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus Off-farm : preparation of appropriate and applicable dryer, UV lamp for rapid detection of aflatoxin

24 The strategies and programs Researches on new technology approaches in peanut and maize industries and their value-added products (which likely create investment opportunities)

25 Conclusions Several strategies for prevention and control of hazardous Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus and their dangerous aflatoxins have been promoted. Collaboration between universities, research institutes, government, farmer, traders, industries the will be effective in implementation these strategies. Several performance indicators are targeted such as increasing the productivity, quality and safety (low aflatoxin level) of the commodities, increasing market share, increasing awareness of aflatoxin problem and income of farmers.

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