GENERAL PRESENTATION. Capital and largest city: Constitutional Republic. Upper house Senate. Lower house Chamber of Deputies

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1 ITALY PRESENTATION

2 GENERAL PRESENTATION Capital and largest city: Governament: Rome Unitary parliamentary Constitutional Republic President: Sergio Mattarella Prime Minister: Matteo Renzi Legislature: Parliament Upper house Senate Lower house Chamber of Deputies Unification: 17 March 1861 Population 2014 estimate: 60,795,612

3 THE ITALIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM First of all we have to know that Italy is a democratic republic which means that the population have the sovereignty and it is expressed with the vote. The Italian population can vote every five years the representatives (deputies and senators) which compose our bicameral parliament. Deputies and senators have the duty to vote the President of our republic which in a second moment will nominate the President of the council of ministers nominated by himself. The Italian population have also the possibility to vote the president of its own region. Its important to underline the three power of our republic: the legislative power belongs to the parliament the executive power belongs to the government (council of ministers) the judiciary power belongs to the magistrature It's also important to underline the rule of the cassation court and the constitutional court which have respectively a lot of importance: the first represents the last grade of trial and the second one has the duty to judge if laws respect our constitution or not. The deputies must be 18 years old to be elected, than senators must be 40 years old Must be 18 years old to vote deputies, than must be 25 to vote senators.

4 EMPLOYMENT IN ITALY The youth unemployment (12-25 years old) has reached the 42% The unemployment has reached the 13% The employment (15-64 years old) has reached the 56% The employment by sectors: 3.6% in the first sector 26.9% in the second sector 69.5% in the third sector

5 THE ECONOMICAL ITALIAN SYSTEM Our economical system is made for 20% by the third sector which include tourism, communications and commerce, for 18% by the industrial sector, probably one of the best expression of quality in the manufacturing. We are very proud to be one of the best country in many sectors: automotive sector (Ferrari, Lamborghini), wine sector ( Italy is the world's largest wine producer), and Italy is one of the best hight quality food producers. Fashion sector is one of the most valued all around the world, is just enough thinking about Armani, Prada, Valentino, and many other companies. Italy has a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises which have produced a manufacturing sector focused on the production of hight quality and luxury products.

6 EDUCATION IN ITALY Education in Italy is compulsory from 6 to 16 years of age, and is divided into five stages: kindergarten (scuola dell'infanzia), primary school (scuola primaria or scuola elementare), lower secondary school (scuola secondaria di primo grado or scuola media), upper secondary school (scuola secondaria di secondo grado, scuola superiore or liceo) and university (università). Italy has both public and private education systems.

7 PRIMARY EDUCATION Scuola primaria (primary school), also known as scuola elementare, is commonly preceded by three years of non-compulsory nursery school (or kindergarten, "asilo"). Scuola elementare lasts five years. The students are given a basic education in Italian, English, mathematics, natural sciences, history, geography, social studies, physical education and visual and musical arts. Until 2004, pupils had to pass an exam to access Scuola secondaria di primo grado (Middle school), comprising the composition of a short essay in Italian, a written math test, and an oral test on the other subjects

8 SECONDARY EDUCATION Secondary education in Italy lasts 8 years and is divided in two stages: Scuola secondaria di primo grado (Lower secondary school), also broadly known as Scuola media, which corresponds to the Middle School grades, and Scuola secondaria di secondo grado (Upper secondary school), also broadly known as Scuola superiore, which corresponds to the highschool level. The Scuola secondaria di primo grado lasts three years (roughly from age 11 to 13). The Scuola secondaria di secondo grado lasts five years (roughly from age 14 to 19). Every tier involves an exam at the end of the final year, called esame di maturità, required to gain a degree and have access to further university education. For historical reasons, there are three types of Scuola secondaria di secondo grado Liceo (lyceum), Istituto tecnico (technical institute), Istituto professionale (professional institute)

9 HIGHER EDUCATION Italy has a large and international network of public and state affiliated universities and schools offering degrees in higher education. Staterun universities of Italy constitute the main percentage of tertiary education in Italy. Italian universities are among the oldest universities in the world. In particular the University of Bologna (founded in 1088) and the University of Padua, founded in 1222, are the oldest state universities in Europe. Most universities in Italy are statesupported.

10 ART AND ATTRACTIONS For sure the most popular city and artwork known:

11 ROME In Rome there is the Colosseum, an amphitheater used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, and dramas based on Classical mythology. There are the Imperial Fora, a series of monumental public squares constructed in Rome over a period of one and a half centuries. The forums were the center of the Roman Republic and of the Roman Empire. In this city there are also the painting The Last judgment painted by Michelangelo Buonarrotti; the Vatican city (the seat of the Pope) and St. Peter s Basilica.

12 FLORENCE In Florence the most famous monuments are the Florence cathedral and the Uffizi gallery, one of the oldest and most famous art museums in the world. There are paintings by Botticelli, Tiziano, Leonardo da Vinci. In Florence is also famous the Ponte Vecchio, a bridge coasted by old and little shop where goldsmith crafts are sold.

13 The most famous attractions in Venice are the canals, Rialto Bridge and St. Mark s Basilica. VENICE

14 OTHER ATTRACTIONS Sicily Valley of the Temples is an archaeological site in Agrigento, southern Italy. Temple of Concordia(6th century AD) Pisa The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the campanile of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its unintended tilt to one side. The construction started in the 1173 and ended in the Milan Milan Cathedral is the most known monuments in Milan, started in the 1386, ended in the 1932

15 LESS KNOWN ATTRACTIONS Above this famous places, there are so many other attraction that if I named all of them, I ll never end up

16 Sassi di Matera are ancient cave dwellings in the Italian city of Matera, Basilicata. Situated in the old town, In the 1950s, the government of Italy forcefully relocated most of the population of the Sassi to areas of the developing modern city. Riddled with malaria, the unhealthy living conditions were considered an affront to the new Italian Republic. Here it was filmed the movie «The Passion».

17 Cascata delle Marmore (Marmore's Falls) is a manmade waterfall created by the ancient Romans. Its total height is 165 m (541 feet), making it one of the tallest in Italy and the tallest manmade waterfall in Europe. Of its 3 sections, the top one is the tallest, at 83 m (272 feet). It is located 7.7 km from Terni, a provincial capital of the Italian region of Umbria.

18 Alberobello is a small town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Bari, Apulia, southern Italy. It has about 11,000 inhabitants and is famous for its unique prehistoric trulli building s. The Trulli of Alberobello have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritagesite since 1996.

19 Volterra, is a Etruscan town in the Tuscany region of Italy. Once a year there is the medieval re-enactment. Here it was also filmed the movie «The Twilight Saga: the new moon»

20 La Pelosa, located in the far north-west of Sardinia in Stintino, it is characterized by a fine white sand and turquoise-blue sea from very shallow water.

21 The Frasassi Caves (Italian: Grotte di Frasassi) are a remarkable karst cave, in the province of Ancona, Marche. They are among the most famous show caves in Italy The caves, discovered by a group of Ancona speleologists in Frasassi caves, with their 30 km of extension over 8 different geological levels, their suggestive and silent landscape of stalactites and stalagmites inlaid alabaster lance, dark pools of crystalline water, represent one of the most important underground routes of the continent European.

22 The Tre Cime di Lavaredo (Italian for "the three peaks of Lavaredo"), are three distinctive battlementlike peaks, in the Sexten Dolomites of northeastern Italy. They are probably one of the best-known mountain groups in the Alps. Until 1919 the peaks formed part of the border between Italy and Austria. Now they lie on the border between the Italian provinces of South Tyrol and Belluno

23 Mount Vesuvius (Italian: Monte Vesuvio) is a volcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples. Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. An estimated 16,000 people died due to hydrothermal pyroclastic flows. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus. Today it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions. It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.

24 SCHIO History Its name comes from Latin: escletum was a wood of oaks and it was first used in a document of some Benedictines from Vicenza. The first settlements were around two old hills, where now there are respectively the ruins of an old castle and a majestic neoclassical cathedral. By the 12th century Schio had become an important centre of prosperous wool manufacturing. The city was ruled by the Venetian Maltraversi family until Schio is now an industrial town thanks to Alessandro Rossi, who founded the biggest Italian wool firm (Lanerossi) in the 19th century. Rossi also arranged the building of houses, nurseries, schools, theatres and gardens for his workers. The most important textile factories in Schio were Lanerossi, Conte and Cazzola. Schio was called "Manchester of Italy", because it was the focal point of the northern wool trade like the British city.

25 SCHIO Main sights The Weaver s Monument, erected in 1879 by Alessandro Rossi who dedicated it to his workers. The inhabitants of Schio call it L Omo (a dialect word for the man"). It is a statue representing a man who holds proudly in one hand the shuttle of his loom, the emblem of his craft and indeed of the whole textile industry. A tower of the Castle, demolished in The high factory (fabbrica alta). working-class district.