Boater s Handbook

Transcription

1 Oregon Boater s Handbook

2 The state s rugged coastline and many lakes, rivers and bays provide a beautiful setting for a variety of boating experiences. We d like all of your boating to be safe, legal and enjoyable. This publication provides important information on boat registration, equipment requirements, rules of the road and waterbody regulations across the state. Helping boaters have a safe and memorable time on the water is just one part of our job at the Oregon State Marine Board. The Board is Oregon s recreational boating agency. In addition to providing boating safety information, we: implement the Mandatory Boater Education Program register sailboats 12 feet or more in length, and all motorboats fund the development of boating facilities fund marine law enforcement across the state enact rules on boat operation The Marine Board is dedicated to safety, education and access in an enhanced environment. Through these programs we strive to meet the needs of Oregon s recreational boaters. Enjoy Oregon s waterways. If you want more information on regulations for individual waterbodies, as well as recent news, access or other boating information, please visit the Marine Board web site at or call us at (503) Sincerely State Marine Board Rick Allen Deborah McQueen Trey Carskadon Bob Montgomery George Tinker 2

3 Table of Contents SPECIAL NOTICE This publication is not a legal reference. It is not a complete statement of State of Oregon laws nor of the Oregon State Marine Board administrative rules. In conflicts between this booklet and Oregon laws or administrative rules, the laws and rules will prevail. This booklet is reprinted frequently, but a time lag will exist between adoption of a rule and its inclusion in this booklet. The Board also maintains an updated list of Oregon s boating regulations on the Internet. Check the Marine Board s web site for changes in regulations between publication dates at com. For questions about regulations or to request a current copy of the online version, call the Marine Board at (503) Copyright 2008, Oregon Secretary of State KEY DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this publication, the following boating terms and regulations are defined as follows. OAR Oregon Administrative Rule ORS Oregon Revised Statue RM River Mile Slow-no wake leave no wake. Maximum speed limits often are posted at specified Slow-no wake zones. In Slow-no wake zones, boats must travel slow enough to leave no wake. Operators of boats traveling below a posted speed limit in a no wake zone but leaving a wake are in violation of this rule. Towed devices including, but not limited to, water skis, knee boards, inner tubes, ski biscuits and other devices used by people. Boat All watercraft, including a seaplane on the water and not in flight, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on the water, but does not include boathouses, floating homes, air mattresses, beach and water toys or single inner tubes. Safe Take-off, landing only applicable on certain waterways. Must be accomplished without risk to any swimmers or watercraft within the distance of shoreline specified for the applicable waterway. Boats towing skiers may exceed 5 mph only to maintain skier in a skiing position on take-offs and landings under the conditions in this safe definition. Cover photo: Timothy Lake by Larry Andreasen Minimum Regulatory Requirements Mandatory Boater Education...5 Other Requirements...5 Registration Titling and Registration...6 Fees...7 Theft Prevention...8 Preparation Weather...9 Fueling...9 Float Plan...9 Boat Capacity...9 Boat Ramp Etiquette...10 Loading...10 Trailer Requirements...10 Dockside Safety...10 Equipment Requirements Personal Flotation Devices Fire Extinguishers...14 Lighting Ventilation...16 Recommended Equipment...17 Noise Muffling...18 Boat Waste Regulations...18 Oregon Boating Regulations Numbering, Accidents, Operation...19 Personal Watercraft Waterbody Regulations Underway Aids to Navigation...39 Rules of the Road Emergency Procedures Recognized Distress Signals...41 Courtesy...42 Littering...43 Riding on Decks or Gunwales...43 Reckless Boat Operation...43 Alcohol and Boating Maximum Sound Level...44 Clean Operation...44 Citizen Complaint Procedure...44 Marine Patrols Boating Accidents...45 Water Sports Whitewater Boating...46 Inner Tubes, Float Tubes and Toys...46 Water Skiing Diving...47 Sailboarding...47 Surfing...47 Paddleboarding...48 Personal Watercraft...48 Special Permits...48 Glossary...49 Phone Numbers...50 Float Plan

4 Your Oregon State Marine Board We are Oregon s recreational boating agency, here to help you enjoy boating in a safe and enhanced environment. There are nearly 200,000 registered motor and sailboats in Oregon. State law requires that all motorized craft, regardless of size, and sailboats 12 feet and more in length, be registered and titled. To register your craft, visit any of our registration agents across the state at local marinas, boating supply and sporting goods stores. Registration and titling forms and registration agent locations are available online at We urge all boaters to boat safe, boat sober and wear life jackets. The very best way to ensure your safety is to wear a life jacket. In Oregon, all youths 12 and younger must wear a life jacket when in a boat that is underway. All adults must have quick access to appropriately sized life jackets, too. And remember, don t drink and boat. Intoxicated boat operators face stiff fines, penalties and loss of boating privileges. Alcohol is involved in nearly half of all boating accidents. Leave the alcohol on shore. For information on where to launch your craft, visit boatoregon.com and click on the online acess guide. Each year, the Marine Board provides grants and assistance to help design, build and maintain boating access facilities. Nearly 900 quality, developed boating access sites exist in Oregon, thanks to your boating dollars. The Marine Board invested more than $45 million in boating access in the 1990s alone. While on the water, you will likely see marine patrols performing routine safety exams, assisting boaters in need of help, enforcing state boating laws and answering questions about local hazards, boating safety and regulations. The Marine Board contracts with county sheriffs and State Police to provide onwater enforcement. Marine Deputies make more than 75,000 boater contacts each year. Many free publications are available to help you enjoy boating in Oregon. Contact our office for more information. Federal Funds (22%) REVENUES State Marine Fuel Tax (34%) Registration and Title Fees (37%) EXPENDITURES Law Enforcement (43%) Facilities (38%) Titling, Registration, Education and Other Services/Programs (19%) 4 Your Boating Dollars At Work No General Fund.

5 Minimum Regulatory Requirements Mandatory Boater Education Education is a proven way of reducing accidents, injuries and conflicts on Oregon s waterways. In 1999, the Oregon Legislature directed the Marine Board to institute a Mandatory Boater Education Program that by 2009, requires all operators of power boats greater than 10 horsepower, and youths operating all types of powerboats, to carry a Boater Education Card. The card shows that the operator has passed an approved boater education course or equivalency exam. Many course options are available now, including classroom and Internet courses. Here are additional details: Applies to all boaters operating boats GREATER than 10 hp. You must now be 12 or older to operate a powerboat. Youth need a card to operate powerboats 0-10 hp alone. When operating boats greater than 10 hp, youth must be supervised by a card-holding adult age 16 or older. When operating a PWC, supervisor must be 18 or older. Life-time card (no renewal necessary). One-time $10 application fee (not included in class or test fees). If card is lost or stolen there is a $8 replacement fee. If you ve already taken a NASBLA approved course, you ve met the requirement and may apply for your card. Other Requirements Boat operators in Oregon must meet basic requirements depending on the type of craft they operate. In general: All powerboats, and sailboats 12 feet or longer, must be titled and registered with the Oregon State Marine Board. People operating powerboats greater than 10 hp must carry a boater education card. The program is being phased in by age. See above chart for details on this program. You must be at least 12 years old to operate a powerboat in Oregon. All boats must be properly equipped, though equipment will vary with size of craft. See page 11 for details. All youth 12 and younger must wear a U.S. Coast Guard approved life jacket when in a boat that is underway. This includes any inflatable boat, canoe, kayak or recreational powerboat and sailboats underway. Each boat, regardless of size or type, must have one appropriately sized, readily accessible life jacket for each person on board. For a listing of classes or equivalency exams near you, or for links to approved online courses, visit 5

6 Registration Titling and Registration Sailboats 12 feet or longer and all motorboats must be titled and registered in Oregon. Motorboats include any type of boat (i.e. personal watercraft, canoe, inflatable, rowboat) with any type of motor (gasoline, diesel, electric). Exceptions include: 1. Certain public boats. 2. Foreign boats. 3. Boats registered in other states using Oregon waters for 60 days or less. 4. Ship s lifeboats used solely for lifesaving purposes. 5. Commercial boats documented by the U.S. Coast Guard.* Boats falling under this requirement must be currently registered when moored on waters of the state. Failure to have proper Certificate of Number or registration can result in a fine of up to $273. *Documented recreational boats are required to pay a registration fee if Oregon is the state of principal use. Two validation decals will be issued for display on the aftermost section of the hull on both the port and starboard sides. This process does not alter the display of name, home port or documentation number required by federal documentation laws. How To Title And Register To title and register a boat, the owner must complete and sign the Oregon State Marine Board Application for Title form and present it to the State Marine Board office in Salem or to an authorized boat registration agent, with the Title and Certificate of Number fees. Contact the State Marine Board or check for the location of the agent nearest you. Forms are also available online. In addition, the owner must provide proof of ownership: 1. If the boat is currently titled in any of the following states, submit the properly signed Certificate of Title: California New Mexico District of Columbia New York Florida North Carolina Illinois Ohio Idaho Oklahoma Indiana Oregon Iowa Rhode Island Kentucky South Carolina Maryland South Dakota Massachusetts Texas Michigan Utah Minnesota Vermont Missouri Virginia Montana Washington Nevada West Virginia New Jersey Wisconsin 2. From a non-title state, a bill of sale and Certificate of Number from the previously registered owner is required. 3. For a new boat, submit the Manufacturer s Statement of Origin. 4. The following situations need HIN inspections: Boats from non-titling states Inadequate documentation Incorrect HIN Home built Depending on the circumstances pencil tracing and photographs may be accepted. Contact OSMB for further direction. Homemade boats and boats without a titling or registration history (new, excluding manufactured boats or if a boat is unavailable for inspection, has a typographical error or a misinterpretation of a HIN number letter occurred) must be inspected by marine law enforcement or Marine Board staff. Boats required to have a Certificate of Number must have a Certificate of Title. Excepted are amphibious vehicles and boats used by dealers or manufacturers for demonstration purposes. The Certificate of Number is issued on a calendar year basis for two years and is valid until December 31st of the year indicated. The Certificate of Number must be carried on board when operating your boat. 6

7 Registration Fee Schedule Registration is $3 per foot (*rounded up) for the following: Sailboats 12 feet and longer All motorized boats Applies to all boats in use (in the water). Registration is paid on a two-year calendar basis, with all decals expiring Dec. 31 of the year indicated. *Ex: 17 feet 3 inches = 18 feet (times $3/foot)=$54. Title...$30 Duplicate title with no change...$15 Duplicate title with change...$30 Duplicate Certificate of Number and/or Decal...$10 Display of OR Number and Decals The proper display of a boat number is required for identification purposes. Improper display of number is a very common reason for being stopped by marine enforcement officers. Due to their configuration and flashy graphics, owners of PWC need to make a special effort to comply. The OR number assigned by the State Marine Board, which is indicated on the Certificate of Number, must be attached or painted on each side of the forward half of the boat in the manner illustrated below. On a flared bow the number should be placed on some part of the forward half of the boat where it can be easily read. OR 234 AA OR 234 AA OR 234 AA OR 234 AA This is the Certificate of Number card that must be carried on board when boating. Transfer of Title Boat title transfers must be made within 30 days of purchase to avoid a late penalty. The title must be presented to the Marine Board or one of its agents within 30 days of the date of sale. Postmarked dates are not acceptable. Titles transferred after 30 days of purchase will be assessed a $25 penalty fee. Measuring Boat Length The length is measured from bow to stern excluding sheer. This is a straight line measurement of the overall length from the foremost part of the boat to the aftermost part of the boat, measured parallel to the centerline. Bow sprits, bumpkins, rudders, outboard motor brackets, swim platforms and similar fittings or attachments are not included in the measurement. Length shall be stated in feet and inches. Length Waterline Length The numbers and letters must be vertical (not slanted), plain (not script or varying in thickness) and any border outline or shadowing must be disregarded in determining the height or color contrast. The number s color should be in contrast with the boat hull s color so as to be legible at a distance. Starboard PORT No other number or letters can be displayed nearby if they will interfere with the identification of the vessel by its state number. The validation decals, issued by the State Marine Board and renewed every two years, must be placed on each side of the boat, 3 inches aft (towards the back) and in line with the registration numbers as shown above. Only the current decals shall be displayed. Do not apply new decal over old decal. Remove old decal and clean surface with alcohol wipe first. Length Waterline 7

8 Notification Requirements The owner is required to notify the State Marine Board in writing: 1. Within 30 days if the boat is destroyed, stolen or documented. If stolen, owner should report the theft to the local sheriff s department. 2. Within 30 days of any change of address. 3. If a Certificate of Number, Certificate of Title or the decals to a boat are lost or destroyed. Please note that the owner may be responsible for any damage caused by an abandoned or sunken vessel in navigable waters. If a vessel is blocking a waterway, the owner can be required to remove it at his or her own expense. Anyone finding an abandoned boat must contact the sheriff of the county in which the boat was located. Oregon has no salvage laws. Hull Identification Number All boats manufactured after November 1, 1972 must have the hull identification number permanently displayed and affixed in accordance with Coast Guard Regulations before the boat can be sold in Oregon. Altered, improper or missing HINs may be cause for seizure by marine enforcement officers. Let the Marine Board know if you suspect a problem with your HIN. A hull identification number for a home-built boat can be obtained by completing and submitting the Statement of Builder and Application for Boat Title forms to the State Marine Board. Forms can be obtained from the Marine Board. The Marine Board will assign a hull identification number for older boats that do not have one. Theft Prevention Nationally, and in Oregon, boat theft has become big business. To help defend yourself from thieves, the State Marine Board suggests boaters follow these tips: 1. Stow loose gear and take valuables with you when you leave the boat. 2. Secure your outboard motor to the boat with a padlock through the two holes in the thumbscrews. 3. Padlock all hatches and storage compartments. Use hasps that have concealed screws (dead bolts provide better security where usable). 4. Secure your trailer to your vehicle with a chain and lock. Immobilize trailer by removing a trailer wheel and/or blocking up the frame. 5. Mark and record your property. Record all serial numbers. 6. Be alert to strangers in the area. 7. Install an audible alarm. All actual or suspected boat theft must be reported to the county sheriff or Oregon State Police and the State Marine Board. 8 HIN (Hull Identification Number) Manufacturers I.D. Code TRANSOM A B C A Hull Serial Number Month/Year of Manufacture HULL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER IN THIS LOCATION Model Year Avoid Being a Boat Fraud Victim Stolen boats are frequently sold to unsuspecting consumers. You can avoid being victimized in a stolen vessel scam by recognizing common fraud indicators: Before purchasing a boat, make sure its HIN exactly matches the HIN listed on the registration and/or title. Carefully review the vessel and its ownership paperwork for these fraud indicators: The boat has been rebuilt, previously reported stolen, sunk or recovered. The title or proof of ownership is a duplicate issue or from out of state. Registration numbers appear altered or are not uniform. The asking price is well below the market value. Be suspicious if someone offers to sell you a boat or equipment at a price that s too good to be true. Do not purchase any vessel if the seller is unable to produce title or proof of ownership.

9 Preparation Weather Before you begin a cruise, check the local weather and sea conditions. Detailed information can be obtained by telephone or by listening to local radio stations, Coast Guard Radio, or the National Weather Service VHF/FM broadcasts on frequencies of , , , and MHz in areas where available. Storm warning flags are displayed at selected coastal locations such as Coast Guard stations, marinas, public piers and yacht clubs. These signals are a prediction of potentially dangerous wind or, in the case of small craft warnings, winds and seas dangerous to small boats. Boaters should know these signals and heed their warnings, especially at coastal bar locations. Daytime Signals Night Signals WEATHER DISPLAYS SMALL CRAFT Winds 21 to 33 knots GALE Winds 34 to 47 knots STORM Winds 48 knots or greater Fueling Most fires and explosions happen after fueling. To prevent an accident, follow these rules: 1. Fuel before dark. 2. Don t smoke or strike matches. 3. Shut off motors. Turn off electrical equipment. 4. Close all windows, doors and openings. 5. Take portable tanks out of the boat and fill them on the dock. 6. Keep the fill nozzle in contact with the tank. 7. Fuel expands as it warms. Don t fill tanks completely; overfilling can lead to spills. 8. Wipe up any spilled gasoline. Discard the cloth in a safe manner. A bilge pad will soak up any overflow or spills. 9. Ventilate for at least five minutes. Sniff around to make sure there is no odor of gasoline anywhere in boat. Periodically check the entire fuel system for leaks. Some fuels contain alcohol which can cause rubber gaskets and hoses to deteriorate, resulting in fuel leaks. Float Plan Boaters who plan a trip of more than a day should file a float plan with a friend or neighbor. Then, if you don t return as planned, the proper agency can be notified. The float plan will provide the necessary information including where you are going and when you expect to be back. Be sure to tell people when you return, so the float plan can be cancelled and an unnecessary search avoided. (See Float Plan on Page 51) Boat Capacity * You should not exceed either the stated maximum weight capacity or the maximum number of people. * Maximum weight is the combined weight of passengers, gear and motors (includes ballast tanks or devices). * In many states, it is a violation to exceed capacity. Use the following formula to figure out the number of people the boat will safely carry, and do not exceed that limit. Boat Length In Feet X Boat Width In Feet = Number of Persons 20 The results give the number of persons (150 lb. average) that can be put aboard without crowding in good weather conditions. (Overloading fine of up to $175). 9

10 Boat Ramp Etiquette The following tips are offered to assist you when launching and recovering your boat. To avoid unnecessary delay and blocking of the ramp, conduct as much of the operation in the ready area as possible. Launch (Retrieval is basically in reverse order) 1. Be sure all required safety equipment and Certificate of Number are on board. 2. Ensure tongue is securely fastened to ball hitch, remove all tie downs, unplug trailer lights. 3. Check condition of battery, motor and angle of drive unit. 4. Ensure boat plugs are firmly in place. 5. Move to ramp and launch. Check drive unit prior to backing down ramp. (Having a lookout or someone in the boat is helpful) 6. Run blower, start boat, unhook bow safety restraint. 7. Power or float off trailer, move to dock for passenger pickup. (If alone, secure boat quickly and move vehicle off ramp.) 8. Use tie-down or staging area to secure boat and gear. Be courteous! The less time you spend on the ramp or at the dock the more other boaters will appreciate you. Loading Operators are responsible for carefully loading supplies and seating passengers properly. Remember: 1. Spread weight evenly. 2. Fasten gear to prevent shifting. 3. Keep passengers seated. 4. Don t overload. Trailer Requirements Oregon law requires a two-year trailer registration when the loaded weight of the trailer and boat exceeds 1800 pounds. You can get your registration from the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). Trailers, including boat trailers, must have two stop, tail and turn signal lights with two red reflectors mounted on the rear of the trailer. They must also have side reflectors and marker lights: amber on the sides at the front, and red on the sides at the rear. These lights and reflectors may be separate units or installed in combinations. If the trailer is over 80 inches wide, it must have clearance and identification lights. If the trailer has a license plate, it must have license plate lights. Booster brakes are best with heavy boats. The driver of the towing vehicle must be able to safely stop in a reasonable distance. Adequate tie-downs are needed at the bow and stern. Temporary bumper hitches are not recommended. Hitches should be welded or bolted to the frame of the towing vehicle. One or two safety chains or cables are required, connected to prevent the tow bar from dropping to the ground in the event the tow bar or coupling device fails. The chains or cables must have a tensile strength equal to the weight of the trailer, and adequate length to permit proper turning of the vehicles. Practice maneuvering and backing up for competency at the ramp. Backing down a ramp in a straight line is more difficult than on level ground. Dockside Safety Check for Renters All persons operating a rented watercraft greater than 10 hp must carry a signed copy of the Watercraft Rental Safety Checklist unless they are carrying a boater education card. All other provisions of the Mandatory Boater Education Program apply, including minimum operator ages and supervision of youth. 10

11 Equipment Requirements Equipment requirements vary with the size of the boat and its source of power. Type of construction and motor will cause equipment requirements to vary. Motorboats when used in racing and similar activities are generally exempt from whistle, bell, fire extinguisher and muffler requirements. Sailboats with motors, whether inboard or outboard, are considered motorboats. Personal watercraft (PWC) are also considered motorboats. (Boats not properly equipped, fine of up to $235.) NOTE: It is a federal requirement that boats operating on coastal waters be equipped with visual distress signals. The rules governing visual distress signals vary according to the size of your boat and its type of propulsion. For further information, ask for a copy of Visual Distress Signals For Recreational Boaters at your local Coast Guard station. Children 12 and under must WEAR life jackets. Sailboats and Manually Propelled Boats Shall carry the following equipment: 1. Personal flotation devices (see page 12). a. Boats less than 16 feet in length and all canoes, rafts and kayaks, shall carry one Type I, II or III wearable device of suitable size for each person on board. A throwable device Type IV will not meet the carriage requirements for these boats. b. Boats 16 feet and over must have one Type I, II or III device of suitable size aboard for each person as well as one Type IV throwable device. Canoes and kayaks do not need the Type IV throwable floatation device. c. The Type I, II and III devices shall be properly sized, in good condition and readily accessible to all persons on board. The Type IV device shall be immediately available for use. 2. Navigation lights (required only when underway or at anchor between sunset and sunrise, and during periods of restricted visibility). a. For manually propelled boats, a lantern showing a white light, to be temporarily exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision (see page 15). b. For sailboats (see page 15). 3. Sound devices: A boat of less than 39 feet 4 inches (12 meters) must carry a sound signaling device such as a whistle or compressed air horn. Motorboats Less Than 16 Feet in Length Shall carry the following equipment: 1. Life Jackets (see pages 13-14). a. Boats less than 16 feet in length and all canoes and kayaks, shall carry one Type I, II or III wearable device of suitable size for each person on board. A throwable device Type IV will not meet the carriage requirements for these boats. 2. Sound devices: A boat of less than 39 feet 4 inches (12 meters) must carry a sound signaling device such as a whistle or compressed air horn. 3. One B-I type approved fire extinguisher when no fixed fire extinguishing system is installed in machinery. (Fire extinguishers are not required on outboard motorboats less than 26 feet in length and of open construction.) No B-I type extinguisher is required if an approved fixed fire extinguishing system is installed in machinery space(s). 4. An approved carburetor backfire flame arrestor for inboard motors not exposed to the atmosphere above the gunwale. Does not apply to outboard motors. 5. An effective muffling system for the exhaust of each internal combustion engine. 6. A ventilation system, the particular type dependent upon when the boat was built. See Ventilation, page Lights (see pages 14 through 15). NOTE: Lighting is required only when the boat is underway or at anchor between sunset and sunrise, and during restricted visibility. 11

12 12 Motorboats 16 Feet to Less Than 26 Feet Shall carry the following equipment: 1. One Coast Guard approved personal flotation device of an appropriate size readily accessible for the intended wearer Type I, II or III wearable for each person on board and one Type IV (see page 13-14). 2. Sound devices: A boat of less than 39 feet 4 inches (12 meters) must carry a sound signaling device such as a whistle or compressed air horn. 3. Fire extinguisher requirements are the same as for motorboats less than 16 feet. 4. An approved carburetor backfire flame arrestor for inboard motors not exposed to the atmosphere above the gunwale. 5. An effective muffling system for the exhaust of each internal combustion engine. 6. A ventilation system, the particular type dependent upon when the boat was built. See Ventilation, page Lights (see pages 14 through 15). NOTE: Lighting is required only when the boat is underway or at anchor between sunset and sunrise, and during restricted visibility. Motorboats 26 Feet to Less Than 40 Feet Shall carry the following equipment: 1. One Coast Guard approved personal flotation device of an appropriate size readily accessible to the intended wearer Type I, II or III wearable for each person on board and one Type IV (see page 13-14). 2. Sound devices: A boat of less than 39 feet 4 inches (12 meters) must carry a sound signaling device such as a whistle or compressed air horn. 3. Two B-I type approved portable fire extinguishers or one B-II type approved portable fire extinguisher. When an approved fixed fire extinguishing system is installed, one less B-I type is required. 4. An approved carburetor backfire flame arrestor for inboard motors not exposed to the atmosphere above the gunwale. 5. An effective muffling system for the exhaust of each internal combustion engine. 6. A ventilation system, the particular type dependent upon when the boat was built. See Ventilation, page Lights (see pages 14 through 15). NOTE: Lighting is required only when the boat is underway or at anchor between sunset and sunrise, and during restricted visibility. Motorboats 40 Feet to Less Than 65 Feet Shall carry the following equipment: 1. One Coast Guard approved personal flotation device of an appropriate size readily accessible for the intended wearer-type I, II or III wearable for each person on board and one Type IV (see page 13-14). 2. Sound devices: A boat of more than 39 feet 4 inches (12 meters) but less than 65 feet 6 inches (20 meters) must carry on board a bell and a whistle, or horn. The whistle and the bell must comply with the existing Federal specifications. 3. Three B-I type approved portable fire extinguishers or one B-I type plus one B-II type approved portable fire extinguisher. When an approved fixed fire extinguishing system is installed, one less B-I type is required. 4. An approved carburetor backfire flame arrestor for inboard motors not exposed to the atmosphere above the gunwale. 5. An effective muffling system for the exhaust of each internal combustion engine. 6. A ventilation system, the particular type dependent upon when the boat was built. See Ventilation, page Lights (see pages 14 through 15). NOTE: Lighting is required only when the boat is underway or at anchor between sunset and sunrise, and during restricted visibility. Sound-Producing Devices In periods of reduced visibility or whenever a vessel operator needs to signal his or her intentions or position, a sound-producing device is essential. Know the rules for meeting head-on, crossing, and overtaking situations. The sound-producing device may be a whistle, horn, or bell that is audible for one-half mile. All vessels on state and federally controlled waters must have a soundproducing device to communicate. Common Sound Signals Some common sound signals that you should be familiar with as a recreational boater are as follows. A short blast lasts one second A prolonged blast lasts 4-6 seconds Changing Direction One short blast tells other boaters I intend to pass you on my port (left) side. Two short blasts tell other boaters I intend to pass you on my starboard (right) side. Three short blasts tell other boaters I am backing up. Restricted Visibility One prolonged blast at intervals of not more than two minutes is the signal used by power-driven vessels when underway. One prolonged blast plus two short blasts at intervals of not more than two minutes is the signal used by sailing vessels. Warning One prolonged blast is a warning signal (for example, used when coming around a blind bend or exiting a slip) Five (or more) short rapid blasts signal danger or signal that you do not understand or that you disagree with the other boater s intentions.

13 Personal Flotation Devices (PFDs) All boats must carry at least one U.S. Coast Guardapproved personal flotation device/life jacket for every person aboard. Such devices must be in serviceable condition. They must not have any rips, tears, or broken straps. All devices must also be kept readily accessible for use in an emergency situation. Personal flotation devices in a plastic bag or in a storage compartment are not readily accessible. Persons being towed are considered on board the towing boat and there must be an approved Type I, II or III device aboard for each. Each person on board a personal watercraft must wear a Type I, II or III personal flotation device. Children age 12 and under must wear a U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jacket at all times while on an open deck or cockpit of vessels that are underway or when being towed. Inflatable PFD s are not approved for children. Non-swimmers should always wear PFDs. All devices must be of a suitable size if they are designed to be worn. Adult devices do not satisfy legal requirements for children just as children s devices do not meet flotation requirements for adults. Vessels 16 feet in length or longer must have one U.S.C.G. approved TYPE IV PFD on board and readily accessible. Inflatables Inflatables are becoming increasingly popular. They are comfortable, lightweight and more wearable. They are not approved for high-impact sports such as riding personal watercraft. Manufacturing standards were recently established for inflatables. The U.S. Coast Guard has approved several models that can be carried/worn in lieu of their bulkier counterpart. Boaters considering the purchase of inflatable life jackets should make sure the device has a Coast Guard approval number on the label and that instructions are complied with. Boaters relying on inflatables that are not approved, or, that are not being utilized in accordance with the label, will be considered in non-compliance by law enforcement officers. USCG approved inflatable PDF s are authorized for use on recreational boats by persons 16 years of age and older. TYPE I Off-shore life jacket Intended for use off-shore, in open or coastal waters, or potentially rough seas where quick rescue may not be likely. It has greater flotation value than other PFD types and is designed to turn an unconscious person face-up. It is reversible and is available in two sizes, adult (90 lbs. or more) and child (less than 90 lbs.). TYPE II Near-shore buoyant vest Designed for general boating activities and is suitable for protected areas where rough water is not likely to be found or for activities where quick rescue is available. Not suitable for extended survival in rough or cold water. Less buoyant than Type I, they are designed to turn an unconscious person to a vertical or slightly face-up position. Available in several sizes. TYPE III Flotation aid Intended for general boating activities or specialized activities such as canoeing, skiing or fishing due to the freedom of movement it allows. Suitable for protected areas where rough water is not likely to be found or where quick rescue is available. Less buoyant than the Type I. Designed to provide a stable face-up position in calm water for a conscious person floating with head tilted back. Not intended to turn or maintain an unconscious wearer face-up. Available in many sizes and styles. 13

14 14 TYPE IV Throwable device Intended to be thrown to a person who has fallen overboard. Designed to be grasped and held by user until rescued. Not suitable for rough or cold water survival. Of no use to an unconscious or exhausted person and is not recommended for nonswimmers or children. A Type IV cushion type should never be worn on the back. A cushion worn on the back will turn a person over so their face is under water. Provides enough buoyancy for users to hold their heads out of the water. May be either a cushion or ring buoy. TYPE V Special use devices They are designed and approved for restricted uses or activities such as sailboarding or commercial whitewater rafting. If it is approved and identified for commercial use only, it does not satisfy requirements for recreational watercraft. The label on the PFD indicates the restrictions or limitations that apply and its performance type. This type of life jacket is only acceptable when used for the activity for which it is designed. The hybrid life jacket is a Type V. It has 7.5 pounds of inherent buoyancy when deflated and inflates up to 22 pounds. To count for PFD carriage requirements, the hybrid must be worn except when the boat is not underway or when the boater is in an enclosed space such as the cabin. Fire Extinguishers Each fire extinguisher is classified by Roman numeral and letter according to its size and the type of fire it is meant to extinguish. The following is a listing of the fire types and their corresponding letter: A. Fires of ordinary combustible materials. B. Gasoline, oil and grease fires. C. Electrical fires. Extinguishers approved for motorboats are hand-portable, of either B-I or B-II classification. An approved extinguisher bears the label of a testing laboratory and will include either Coast Guard approval number or specify Marine Type USCG. Boaters should be familiar with the correct use of their extinguisher. Check the charge, ensure the powder is loose, not packed and to check regularly. Some Additional Points: 1. Keep a shipboard fire downwind, turn the boat so the flames and smoke blow away from the craft rather than over it. 2. Do not test a fire extinguisher as this breaks the seals and causes leakage. ALL extinguishers should be serviced at least every two years. See label for additional servicing information. 3. Store extinguishers where a fire is NOT likely to break out. An extinguisher mounted over the galley stove or inside the engine compartment may be impossible to reach when needed. 4. An extinguisher stored horizontally is less susceptible to packing or caking of the powder charge caused by vibration and settling. 5. Aim the extinguisher nozzle at the source of the fire (beneath the flames) and sweep back and forth. Keep in mind that a Type B-I extinguisher empties in less than 10 seconds! 6. Save some of the charge for a reflash or, better yet, carry a spare extinguisher. Lighting All boats must show running lights between sunset and sunrise and during periods of restricted visibility. A sailboat operating under power or under power and sail must display the proper lights for a powerboat. Check lights regularly to ensure they are working properly. This section describes the inland and international light requirements for boats less than 20 meters (65 feet 7 inches). In many cases, the lights prescribed for a particular boat are the same under both rules. Any exceptions are noted. 1 2 COLOR W W W W W CODE R R W=White R=Red G W G=Green G A B or B R R or G A G

15 Power-Driven Boats On inland and international waters, a power-driven boat shall exhibit navigation lights as shown in 1. Vessels less than 12 meters (39 feet 4 inches) may show the lights shown in 1 or 2. In international waters a powerdriven boat of less than 7 meters (23 feet) in length whose maximum speed cannot exceed 7 knots may exhibit an all-round white light and if practicable, also exhibit side lights. Locations Visible Range Degree Masthead Light All-round Light Side Light Stern Light Range and Degree of Visibility of Lights or Vessel less than 12 meters 2 Miles 2 Miles 1 Mile 2 Miles Vessel 12 meters of more but less than 20 meters 3 Miles 2 Miles 1 Mile 2 Miles My husband is alive because of his life jacket. WENDY WELSH SURVIVOR DOUG WELSH Sailboats and Boats Under Oars NOTE: A sailboat under machinery power and sail is considered a power-driven boat W R W G W R A R G or B G Sailboats under sail alone must exhibit navigation lights shown in 3, 4 or 5. Sailboats of less than 7 meters (23 feet) in length may carry an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision (see figure 6c). A boat under oars may: (a) display those lights prescribed for sailboats or (b) have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision (see figure 6). Anchor Lights Power-driven boats and sailboats at anchor must display anchor lights. An anchor light is an all-round white 6 W A light visible for 2 miles and exhibited forward where it can best be W W seen. However, vessels less than 7 meters B C (23feet) are not required to display anchor lights unless anchored in or near a narrow channel, fairway, anchorage or where other vessels normally navigate. Also, anchor lights are not required on vessels less than 20 meters anchored in a special anchorage area designated by the Secretary of Transportation. W R G G R W G A or R B R G Listen to Doug tell his story at Boat smart. Wear a life jacket. Day Shape Vessels under sail also being propelled by machinery must exhibit forward, where it can best be seen, a conical shape, apex down (See figure 7). Vessels less than 12 meters are not required to exhibit the day shape in inland waters. 7 15

16 Automotive Equipment Equipment such as starter motors, alternators/ generators and air cleaners are not intrinsically safe and should not be used in gasoline powered boats. These electrical devices are not ignition protected and may generate sparks that can cause fires and explosions on inboard engines. Ventilation (Fuel Vapors) Any boat using a fuel with a flashpoint of 110 (degrees) or less (gasoline, but not diesel) that has any enclosed engine or fuel tank spaces (not open to the atmosphere) must have an efficient ventilation system to disperse explosive gases. Natural ventilation consists of at least two ventilation ducts fitted with cowls or their equivalent. At least one exhaust duct extending to the lower portion of the bilge and at least one intake (supply) duct extending to a point midway to the bilge or at least below the level of the carburetor air intake is required. Boats built after July 31, 1980 are required to have powered ventilation (exhaust blower) for engine compartments that are not open to the atmosphere. Such boats are required to display a warning label such as this: Warning Gasoline vapors can explode. Before starting engine operate blower for 4 minutes and check engine compartment bilge for gasoline vapors. Gas vapors contained in an enclosed space make a boat a potential bomb waiting to go off! Note: Check the galley! Butane and propane are even more dangerous than gasoline. Heavier than air, they flow rapidly into the lower part of the boat and are extremely difficult to remove. If you cook with a liquid petroleum gas such as propane or butane, be sure the fuel tank enclosure is properly ventilated. Teak Surfing Illegal in Oregon It is illegal to allow any person(s) to ride on any portion of the boat aft of the transom (including a step, ladder, platform, or deck) while underway. 16

17 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Carbon monoxide (CO), a by-product of internal combustion engines, is an invisible, odorless, tasteless gas. CO can make you sick in seconds. In high enough concentrations, even a few breaths can be fatal. Sources of CO on your vessel may include engines, gas generators, cooking ranges, and space and water heaters. Early symptoms of CO poisoning include irritated eyes, headache, nausea, weakness, and dizziness. Symptoms are often confused with seasickness or intoxication. Get anyone with these symptoms into fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention unless you re sure it s not CO. Protect yourself and others by keeping fresh air flowing throughout the vessel, know where your engine exhaust outlets are, and keep everyone away from them. Boaters are encouraged to install a C.O. Detector. Recommended Equipment Along with the required equipment, the State Marine Board recommends carrying the following: 1. Compass 8. First Aid Kit 2. Anchor 9. Paddle 3. Fenders 10. Tool Kit 4. Flashlight 11. Two Way Radio 5. Line 12. Cell Phone 6. Bucket 13. Distress Signals* 7. Bilge Pump & Pads 14. Marine VHP Radio if operating in Coastal Waters. *See note regarding visual distress signals on page 43. Carrying A Radio The FCC does not require operators of recreational vessels to carry a radio or to have an individual license to operate VHF marine radios (with or without digital selective calling capability), EPIRBs, or any type of radar. Operators must however follow the procedures and courtesies that are required of licensed operators specified in FCC rules. You may use the name or registration number of your vessel to identify your ship station. Vessels required to be licensed: 1. Vessels that use MF/HF single side-band radio, satellite communications or telegraphy, 2. Power Driven vessels over 65.6 feet/20 meters in length. 3. Vessels used for commercial purposes including: a. Vessels documented for commercial use, including commercial fishing vessels. b. CG inspected vessels carrying more than 6 passengers. c. Towboats more than 7.8 meters in length. d. Vessels of more than 100 tons certified to carry at least 1 passenger. e. Cargo ships over 300 tons. 4. Any vessel, including a recreational vessel, on an international voyage. Radio Listening Watch Vessels not required to carry a marine radio (e.g. recreational vessels less than 20m length), but which voluntarily carry a radio, must maintain a watch on channel 6 ( MHz) whenever the radio is operating and not being used to communicate. Such vessels may alternatively maintain a watch on VHF channel 9 ( MHz), the boater calling channel. VHF Marine Radio Channels The chart below contains a partial list of channels recreational boaters should be familiar with: Channel Type of Message and Use: 06 Intership Safety: Used for ship-to-ship safety messages and search messages and ships and aircraft of the Coast Guard 09 Boater Calling: FCC has established this channel as a supplementary calling channel for noncommercial vessels (recreational boaters). The purpose is to relieve congestion on VHF channel 16. The Coast Guard announces urgent marine information broadcasts and storm warnings on channel 9 in the First Coast Guard District (waters off the coast of northern New Jersey, New York, and New England) and USCG Group Grand Haven, Milwaukee and Sault Ste. Marie (Lake Michigan). For that reason, we strongly urge boaters to use channel 9 in these waters. Use of channel 9 in other waters is optional, and we recommend boaters keep turned to and use channel 16 in those waters unless otherwise notified by the Coast. 13, 67 Navigation Safety (Also known as the Bridge-to-Bridge channel): Ships greater than 20 meters in length maintain a listening watch on this channel in US waters. This channel is available to all ships. Messages must be about ship navigation (i.e. passing or meeting other ships). You must keep your messages short. Your power output must not be more than one watt. This is also the main working channel at most locks and drawbridges. Channel 67 is for lower Mississippi River only. 16 International Distress, Safety and Calling: Use this channel to get the attention of another station (calling) or in emergencies. Ships required to carry a radio maintain a listening watch on this channel. USCG and most coast stations also maintain a listening watch on this channel. 22A Coast Guard Liaison and Maritime Safety Information Broadcasts: Announcements of urgent marine information broadcasts and storm warnings (Broadcasts announced on channel , 25, 26, Public Correspondence (Marine Operators): Use these channels to call the marine operator at a public station. By contacting 27, 28, 84, a public coast station, you can make and receive calls from telephones on shore. Except for distress calls, public coast 85, 86, 87 stations usually charge for this service. For a complete listing of VHF Channels and Frequencies visit the USCG Navigation Center web site: 17

18 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Carbon monoxide (CO), a by-product of internal combustion engines, is an invisible, odorless, tasteless gas. CO can make you sick in seconds. In high enough concentrations, even a few breaths can be fatal. Sources of CO on your vessel may include engines, gas generators, cooking ranges, and space and water heaters. Early symptoms of CO poisoning include irritated eyes, headache, nausea, weakness, and dizziness. Symptoms are often confused with seasickness or intoxication. Get anyone with these symptoms into fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention unless you re sure it s not CO. Protect yourself and others by keeping fresh air flowing throughout the vessel, know where your engine exhaust outlets are, and keep everyone away from them. Boaters are encouraged to install a C.O. Detector. Recommended Equipment Along with the required equipment, the State Marine Boat Sewage Discharge Regulations (Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR ) In all freshwater lakes, impoundments and reservoirs (Sole State Waters) that are not accessible by boat from the ocean it is prohibited to discharge any sewage treated or untreated. All Wye valves on boats in these sole State Waters must be secured in the closed position while moored or operating. Use of a padlock, non-releasable wire-tie, or the removal of the valve handle would be considered adequate securing of the device. The method chosen must be one that presents a physical barrier to the use of the valve. On waters designated as Federally Navigable (Columbia, Willamette, Snake and on navigable portions of all coastal rivers) the use of an approved marine sanitation device (Type I or II) is permitted to discharge its treated sewage. The discharge of untreated sewage (Type III holding tank system) is only permitted beyond the 3 mile ocean limit. Many boats carry port-a-potties and toilets for convenience. Large boats may have a Type I or II marine sanitation devices (MSDs) that pre-treat sewage before discharging. Most boats in Oregon, however, have marine heads with Type III MSDs (holding tanks with no treatment), or carry port-a-potties onboard. Proper disposal of boat sewage is crucial to keeping our waters clean for swimming, water skiing, boating and fishing. Please empty holding tanks or port-apotties at public pumpouts or dump stations. Small boats can also use floating restrooms. A complete list of free, public pumpouts and dump stations is available online at or by calling (503) Please report illegal sewage discharges to the U.S. Coast Guard or the Water Quality Division of the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality immediately upon discovery. Violators may be fined