10. What SQL command can be used to add columns to a table? a. MODIFY TABLE TableName ADD COLUMN ColumnName b. MODIFY TABLE TableName ADD ColumnName c

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1 1. The first generation of DBMS is represented by systems a. Hierarchical and CODASYL systems. b. Relational model c. Network model 2. Which of the following SQL statements are helpful in database redesign? a. Correlated subqueries only b. EXISTS/NOT EXISTS expressions only c. Both of the above are helpful are helpful. 3. What SQL command can be used to delete columns from a table? a. MODIFY TABLE TableName DROP COLUMN ColumnName b. MODIFY TABLE TableName DROP ColumnName c. ALTER TABLE TableName DROP COLUMN ColumnName d. ALTER TABLE TableName DROP ColumnName 4. Database redesign is not terribly difficult if the: a. database is structured b. database is well-designed. c. database has no data d. database is relatively small 5. Which SQL-92 standard SQL command can be used to change a table name? a. RENAME TABLE b. CHANGE TABLE c. ALTER TABLE is correct 6. The process of reading a database schema and producing a data model from that schema is known as: a. data modeling b. database design c. reverse engineering is correct 7. Before any changes to database structure are attempted one should first: a. clearly understand the current structure and contents of the database only b. test any changes on a test database only. c. create a complete backup of the operational database only d. All of the above should be done 8. Which of the following modifications may not succeed? a. Changing a column data type from char to date b. Changing a column data type from numeric to char c. Both of the above actions should succeed d. Neither of the above actions will succeed 9. A regular subquery can be processed: a. from the top down b. from the bottom up c. by nesting is correct 1

2 10. What SQL command can be used to add columns to a table? a. MODIFY TABLE TableName ADD COLUMN ColumnName b. MODIFY TABLE TableName ADD ColumnName c. ALTER TABLE TableName ADD COLUMN ColumnName d. ALTER TABLE TableName ADD ColumnName 11. The EXISTS keyword will be true if: a. any row in the subquery meets the condition only b. all rows in the subquery fail the condition only. c. both of these two conditions are met. d. neither of these two conditions is met. 12. Changing cardinalities in a database is: a. a common database design task b. a rare database design task, but does occur. c. a database design task that never occurs. d. is impossible to do, so a new database must be constructed and the data moved into it. 13. The NOT EXISTS keyword will be true if: a. any row in the subquery meets the condition. b. all rows in the subquery fail the condition. c. both of these two conditions are met. d. neither of these two conditions is met 14. The data model that is produced from reverse engineering is: a. a conceptual model. b. an internal model. c. a logical model. is correct 15. To drop a column that is used as a foreign key, first: a. drop the primary key. b. drop the table containing the foreign key c. drop the foreign key constraint d. All of the above must be done 16. What SQL command will allow you to change the table STUDENT to add the constraint named GradeCheck that states that the values of the Grade column must be greater than 0? a. ALTER TABLE STUDENT ALTER CONSTRAINT GradeCheck (Grade > 0); b. ALTER TABLE STUDENT ADD CONSTRAINT GradeCheck (Grade > 0); c. ALTER TABLE STUDENT ADD CONSTRAINT GradeCheck CHECK (Grade > 0); is correct. 17. Which is not true of a correlated subquery? a. EXISTS/NOT EXISTS is a form of a correlated subquery. b. The processing of the SELECT statements is nested. c. They can be used to verify functional dependencies. d. They are very similar to a regular subquery 2

3 18. A tool that can help designers understand the dependencies of database structures is a: a. dependency graph. b. data model c. graphical display is correct. 19. Data is a a. Raw fact and figure b. Metadata c. Information only. 20. A repository of information about a database is known as a a. Data Dictionary b. Distributed database c. File 21. The overall description of the database is known as a. Instance b. Schema c. Snapshot 22. Schema is same as an a. Extension of the database b. Intension of the database c. Subschema 23. The physical storage structures of devices could be changed without affecting conceptual schema. This is known as a. Physical data independence b. Logical data independence c. External data independence 24. Create, Alter and Drop are the examples of a. DDL b. DML c. VDL d. SDL 25. The term relation was chosen by a. Dr. Berry Boehm b. Dr. E.F. Codd. c. Dr. Jacobson 26. Each row of data is known as a a. Tuple b. Cardinality c. Degree 3

4 27. The number of tuples in a relation is known as a. Cardinality b. Degree c. Modality 28. ER-model was introduced by a. E.F. Codd b. P.P. Chen c. Constantine 29. The primary key of a weak entity needs to be formed. It is known as the a. Discriminator or partial key b. Foreign key c. Weak key 30. The process of minimizing the difference between entities by identifying their common characteristics is known as a. Specialization b. Generalization c. Multiplicity 31. The process of compiling information on an object, there by abstracting a higher level object is known as a. Specialization b. Generalization c. Aggregation 32. The relationship between a weak entity-set is called as the a. Weak relationship b. Identifying relationship c. Connecting relationship d. Associative relationship 33. An ER-diagram that shows the concepts of Specialization and Generalization are known as a. Extended ER-diagrams b. Effective ER-diagrams c. Expanded ER-diagrams d. Enhanced ER-diagrams 34. Those candidate keys which are not currently selected as the primary key are called as a. Super keys b. Candidate key c. Alternate key 35. A key that has no meaning to the business or organization is 4

5 a. Candidate key b. Alternate key c. Artificial key 36. A rule that states that in a base relation, the value of attribute of a primary key cannot be null is called as a. Entity integrity rule b. Referential integrity rule c. Security integrity rule 37. A virtual relation is also known as a a. View b. Table c. Snapshot 38. When we want to display records with attributes from many relations then we use a. SELECT operation b. PROJECT operation c. JOIN operation 39. What is the cardinality of a table with 50 rows and 5 columns? a. 50 b. 5 c What is the degree of a table with 50 rows and 5 columns? a. 50 b. 5 c To sort records we use a. ORDER BY clause b. HAVING clause c. GROUP clause 42. The logical tables of data extracted from existing tables are known as a. Records b. Views c. Queries 43. Oracle provides a special table that can be used to test any function. This table is a. DUAL table b. VIEW table c. CALCULATION table 44. ROLLBACK, COMMIT and SAVEPOINT are 5

6 a. DMLs b. DDLs c. VDLs d. TCLs 45. Primary indexing is also known as a. Clustering index b. Non-clustering index c. Pinned indexing 46. A buffer use to store results of the recent query a. Cursor b. Triggers c. Packages d. Exceptions 47. The process of decomposition of a table is known as a. Specialization b. Generalization c. Normalization 48. The process of Normalization was proposed by a. Dr. E.F. Codd b. Dr. Berry Boehm c. Jacobson 49. An association between two attributes of the same table is known as a. Functional Dependency b. Multi Valued Dependency c. Join Dependency 50. After normalization the original table can be obtained by a. Delete operation b. Cascade operation c. Join operation 51. Every BCNF is in a. 1NF b. 2NF c. 3NF d. 4NF 52. Shadow paging was introduced by a. Boehm b. Dr. E.F. Codd c. Lorie 53. Shadowing maintains a. 2 tables 6

7 b. 3 tables c. 4 tables 54. The page size in shadowing technique is of the order a to 2 15 bytes b to 2 15 bytes c to 2 16 bytes d to 2 17 bytes 55. Shadowing may result in a. Page loss b. Data scattering c. Page swap 56. A checkpoint where transactions are allowed to perform updates even while buffer blocks are being written out is called as a a. Buffer b. Fuzzy checkpoint c. Shadow paging 57. The point of synchronization between the database and the transaction log file is called as a a. Checkpoint b. Fuzzy checkpoint c. UNDO and REDO 58. Shadow paging is used for a. Writing same item at same location b. Writing same item at different location c. Creating shadow 59. The process of choosing a suitable execution strategy for processing a query is known as a. Query optimization b. Query evaluation c. Query execution plan 60. The process of sending the result of one operator to another operator without creating a temporary relation to hold the intermediate results is known as a. Query b. Relation c. Pipelining 61. The syntax of the query is checked by a. Parser b. Compiler c. Assembler 7

8 62. The first phase of query processing is a. Decomposition b. Restructuring c. Analysis 63. The result of a query, in a query tree is represented by a. Root node b. Leaf node c. Intermediary node 64. Which of the following query processing method is more efficient: a. Pipelining b. Materialization c. Tunnelling 8

9 1. a 2. c 3. c 4. c 5. d 6. c 7. d 8. a 9. b 10. d 11. a 12. a 13. b 14. d 15. c 16. c 17. d 18. a 19. a 20. a 21. b 22. b 23. a 24. a 25. b 26. a 27. a 28. b 29. a 30. b 31. c 32. b 33. d 34. c 35. c 36. a 37. a 38. c 39. a a 42. b 43. a 44. d 45. a 46. a 9

10 47. c 48. a 49. a 50. c 51. c 52. c 53. a 54. a 55. b 56. b 57. a 58. b 59. a 60. c 61. a 62. a 63. a 64. a 10

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