CHAPTER FOUR: GRAPHENE... 15

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1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION... 1 STUDY BACKGROUND... 1 STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES... 1 INTENDED AUDIENCE... 2 SCOPE AND FORMAT... 2 INFORMATION SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY... 3 ANALYST CREDENTIALS... 3 RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS... 3 BCC ONLINE SERVICES... 4 DISCLAIMER... 5 CHAPTER TWO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 6 SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS)... 6 SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS BY APPLICATION, ($ MILLIONS)... 7 CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW... 8 DEFINITIONS AND KEY CONCEPTS... 8 ELECTRONICS... 8 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS... 8 NEW ELECTRONIC MATERIALS... 8 NEW MATERIALS... 8 TABLE 1 NEW ELECTRONIC MATERIALS... 9 GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS PHOTONIC CRYSTALS CARBON NANOTUBES SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS NANOWIRES CONDUCTIVE AND SEMICONDUCTIVE POLYMERS PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS MOLYBDENITE APPLICATIONS MARKET SUMMARY TABLE 2 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS BY MATERIAL TYPE, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 3 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS BY MATERIAL TYPE, (% OF TOTAL MARKET) CHAPTER FOUR: GRAPHENE... 15

2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION Established Technologies Scotch Tape Method Epitaxial Method Graphite Oxide Reduction Method Experimental Approaches Metal-Carbon Melt Method Pyrolysis of Sodium Ethoxide Method Production of Graphene from Carbon Nanotubes Production of Graphene from Table Sugar Dissolving Graphite in Chlorosulphonic Acid Molecular Wedge Method Radio Frequency Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS AND END USES TABLE 4 POTENTIAL ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE TABLE 4 (CONTINUED) COMPUTING Transistors Graphene Switches Quantum Confinement in Graphene Nanoribbons Field-Induced Modification of Graphene Structure Ballistic Transistors Graphene Nanomesh Integrated Circuits Graphene Interconnections All-Graphene Integrated Circuits DATA STORAGE Graphene Spin Valve Graphene Nanocable Memory Device Graphene Nanoribbon Memory Graphene Oxide-Based Memory DISPLAYS Roll-to-Roll Production Spray Coating Transfer Printing Electrophoretic Deposition Hybrid Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Film COMMUNICATIONS... 30

3 High-Speed Photodetectors Amplifiers Frequency Multipliers ENERGY Photovoltaics Flexible Organic Photovoltaic Cells Polymer Photovoltaic Cells Based on Solution- Processable Graphene and P3HT Dye-Doped Graphite/Graphene Solar Cell Capacitors Capacitors (Continued) SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT Sensors Chemical and Gas Sensors Electrochemical Sensors Mass Sensors Nanopore Sensors Radiation Sensors Biosensors Imaging Equipment Graphene Frequency Multipliers Graphene-Based Plasmon Amplifiers Other Technologies OTHER APPLICATIONS MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 1 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR GRAPHENE IN ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 5 GLOBAL MARKET FOR GRAPHENE ELECTRONICS BY APPLICATION, ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 2 GRAPHENE ELECTRONICS APPLICATION SEGMENTS (% OF TOTAL MARKET) COMPUTING DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY DISPLAYS COMMUNICATIONS ENERGY TABLE 6 GLOBAL MARKET FOR GRAPHENE ELECTRONICS IN ENERGY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Photovoltaics Capacitors SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT... 48

4 TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR GRAPHENE ELECTRONICS IN SENSING AND IMAGING APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Sensors IMAGING APPLICATIONS OTHER APPLICATIONS CHAPTER FIVE: QUANTUM DOTS GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION Colloidal Synthesis Epitaxy Printed Quantum-Dot Films APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY DISPLAYS LIGHTING AND ILLUMINATION COMMUNICATIONS Optical Switches and Gates Optical Amplifiers Lasers ENERGY SENSORS AND IMAGING SYSTEMS MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 3 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR QUANTUM-DOT ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR QUANTUM-DOT ELECTRONICS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 4 QUANTUM-DOT ELECTRONICS APPLICATION SEGMENTS, (% OF TOTAL MARKET) COMPUTING DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY DISPLAYS COMMUNICATIONS TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR QUANTUM-DOT COMMUNICATIONS APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Optical Switches Optical Amplifiers Lasers LIGHTING AND ILLUMINATION... 63

5 ENERGY Photovoltaics SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR QUANTUM-DOT LEDS, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Biosensors Image Sensors CHAPTER SIX: PHOTONIC CRYSTALS GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES Two-Dimensional Versus Three-Dimensional Crystals Defects Static Versus Tunable Crystals OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION Micromachining Microlithographic Techniques Layer-by-Layer Fabrication Autocloning Holographic Lithography Multibeam Interference Lithography Glancing Angle Deposition Stack Methods Low-Temperature Deposition Self-Assembly Opal Method Other Self-Assembly Techniques Drawing and Extruding APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY PHOTONIC-INTEGRATED CIRCUITS ADD/DROP FILTERS MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 5 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PHOTONIC CRYSTALS IN ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PHOTONIC CRYSTAL ELECTRONICS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 6 PHOTONIC CRYSTAL ELECTRONICS APPLICATION SEGMENTS (% OF TOTAL MARKET) FIGURE 6 (CONTINUED) COMPUTING... 77

6 DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY COMMUNICATIONS TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PHOTONIC CRYSTAL-BASED COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Photonic Crystal Integrated Circuits TABLE 13 GLOBAL PHOTONIC IC SALES, THROUGH Add/Drop Filters TABLE 14 GLOBAL OPTICAL ADD/DROP FILTER SALES, CHAPTER SEVEN: CARBON NANOTUBES GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION Arc Discharge Laser Ablation Chemical Vapor Deposition Flame Synthesis PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING Interconnects Transistors DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY DISPLAYS OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS ENERGY Photovoltaics Carbon Nanotube Composite Photoactive Layer Carbon Nanotube Transparent Electrode Single-Nanotube Photovoltaics Carbon Nanotube Concentrators SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT Nanosensors Imaging Equipment OTHER APPLICATIONS RFID Tags MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 7 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR CARBON NANOTUBE-BASED ELECTRONIC DEVICES, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR CARBON NANOTUBE-BASED ELECTRONIC DEVICES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS)... 91

7 FIGURE 8 CARBON NANOTUBE-BASED ELECTRONIC DEVICE APPLICATION SEGMENTS, (% OF TOTAL MARKET) FIGURE 8 (CONTINUED) COMPUTING ENERGY SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR CARBON NANOTUBE-BASED SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Sensors Imaging Equipment OTHER APPLICATIONS RFID Tags CHAPTER EIGHT: SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES Conductivity Tunneling OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING Computing (Continued) COMMUNICATIONS Filters Filters (Continued) Antennas SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT Superconducting Quantum-Interference Devices TABLE 17 SQUID END USES MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 9 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRONIC DEVICES, ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 9 (CONTINUED) TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRONIC DEVICES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 10 SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRONIC DEVICE APPLICATION SEGMENTS (% OF TOTAL MARKET) COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS RF Filters

8 SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT SQUIDs CHAPTER NINE: NANOWIRES GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY DISPLAYS Field Emission Displays Transparent Conductive Panels ENERGY Nanowire Photoactive Layer Nanowire Transparent Electrode COMMUNICATIONS SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 11 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOWIRE ELECTRONIC DEVICES, ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 11 (CONTINUED) TABLE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOWIRE ELECTRONIC DEVICES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 12 NANOWIRE ELECTRONIC DEVICE APPLICATION SEGMENTS (% OF TOTAL MARKET) MEMORY DISPLAYS ENERGY TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOWIRE-BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC MATERIALS, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) Photovoltaic Materials Transparent Electrodes SENSORS AND IMAGING EQUIPMENT CHAPTER TEN: CONDUCTIVE AND SEMICONDUCTIVE POLYMERS GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION Ink-Jet Printing Screen Printing Roll-To-Roll (Web) Printing

9 APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING MEMORY DISPLAYS LIGHTING AND ILLUMINATION ENERGY Organic Solar Cells OTHER APPLICATIONS MARKETS SUMMARY FIGURE 13 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR POLYMER ELECTRONIC DEVICES, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET FOR POLYMER ELECTRONICS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 14 POLYMER ELECTRONIC DEVICE APPLICATION SEGMENTS (% OF TOTAL MARKET) MEMORY DISPLAYS LIGHTING ENERGY OTHER CHAPTER ELEVEN: PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS AND END USES DATA STORAGE AND MEMORY MARKETS FIGURE 15 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PHASE CHANGE MEMORY, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 22 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PHASE-CHANGE MEMORY, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS) CHAPTER TWELVE: MOLYBDENITE GENERAL DESCRIPTION DEFINITION PROPERTIES OCCURRENCE AND PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS AND END USES COMPUTING MARKETS TABLE 23 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MOLYBDENITE ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2021 ($ MILLIONS)

10 CHAPTER THIRTEEN: COMPANY PROFILES GRAPHENE ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES ANGEWANDTE MIKRO- UND OPTOELEKTRONIK GMBH BASF SE GLOBAL FOUNDRIES, INC GRAPHENE DEVICES LTD GRAPHENE SOLUTIONS LLC GRAPHENE WORKS INC GRAPHENEA HRL LABORATORIES LLC INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP NUPGA SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO. LTD SANDISK CORP TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC QUANTUM DOTS BIOCRYSTAL LTD CYRIUM TECHNOLOGIES INC EVIDENT TECHNOLOGIES INNOLUME GMBH INVISAGE TECHNOLOGIES NANOCO TECHNOLOGIES LTD NANOCRYSTALS TECHNOLOGY LTD NANOSYS INC OMNIPV INC QD VISION INC QUANTUM DOT CORP PHOTONIC CRYSTALS COLOSSAL STORAGE CORP LUXTERA INC OMNIGUIDE INC CARBON NANOTUBES CARBON NANOTECHNOLOGIES INC CARBON NANOTECH RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC NANOCYL SA NANOLAB INC NANOSTRUCTURED & AMORPHOUS MATERIALS INC NANTERO INC SOUTHWEST NANOTECHNOLOGIES INC UNIDYM SUPERCONDUCTORS CRYOELECTRA GMBH CRYOTON LTD

11 D-WAVE SYSTEMS INC HYPRES INC ISCO INTERNATIONAL LLC NEOCERA INC QUANTUM DESIGN INC SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES INC NANOWIRES CAMBRIOS TECHNOLOGIES CORP CARESTREAM ADVANCED MATERIALS CIMA NANOTECH POLYMERS ADD-VISION INC E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY MERCK OLED MATERIALS GMBH OSRAM OPTO SEMICONDUCTORS GMBH POLYIC GMBH & CO RITDISPLAY CORP THIN FILM ELECTRONICS ASA UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORP PHASE-CHANGE MEMORY MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC MISCELLANEOUS NEOPHOTONICS CHAPTER FOURTEEN: PATENTS TABLE 24 U.S. PATENTS ISSUED FOR NEW ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (NUMBER OF PATENTS) REFERENCES REFERENCES REFERENCES (CONTINUED) REFERENCES (CONTINUED)