CHAPTER 10 & CHAPTER 13, SECTION 1 STUDY GUIDE

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1 CHAPTER 10 & CHAPTER 13, SECTON 1 STUDY GUDE Define Pax Romana- What are the dates of Pax Romana? Which emperors mark the beginning and end of Pax Romana in the Roman Empire? Beginning End Who was emperor at the time of Jesus' birth in approximately 4 BC? Which Roman emperor during its time of extended peace blamed Christians for the burning of Rome using this as a reason for their persecution throughout the empire? Which Pax Romana emperor destroyed the city of Jerusalem, including the Jewish temple Jesus had worshipped and taught in? Which Pax Romana emperor travelled extensively during his reign, including to the island of Britannia. He also built a temple to the Roman god Jupiter where the Jewish temple had once stood. Which wrote a famous book of reflections called Meditations. Give the five reasons we discussed in class for the decline of the Roman Empire: V V

2 What did the emperor Diocletian try as an attempt to improve the failing situation in the Roman Empire? A generation later, Constantine defeated Maxentius in 312 AD to become the ruler of the Western Empire. What was the name of this battle? What did Constantine claim to have seen in the sky before this battle? This battle is seen as a turning point in world history. What law did Constantine pass soon after this battle? What did this law state? n 324 AD, Constantine defeated this man to once again unite the East and West Empires? Afterward, Constantine hoped to rebuild the capital in Rome. However, he soon decided a better idea would be to create a new capital for the Empire. He chose which Greek village to be its location? This village was located on this body of water that separates Europe and Asia. What three advantages did we discuss Constantine saw in moving the capital here? Constantine's hope of a united empire does not last, however. What year did the empire officially split into an East and West? Know that after this date, the East would continue to exist and at times thrive. However, the West would continue to decline until its ultimate fall.

3 What are the three legacies of Rome that we discussed in class? Could you name the five Romantic languages derived from Latin? One of the most important events in European history occurred during 300s and 400s AD, the Great Migration. Which people group responsible for pushing so many people out of their homelands? Where modern-day country do historians believe this people group was probably from? Who was their famous leader? What are the dates of his leadership? Why was the Great Migration so important in European history? The Visigoths came into taly from what area? Later, after being repelled by Rome, the Visigoths settled in what modern-day countries? Where did the Vandals originate? The Vandals successfully invaded Gaul, Spain, Rome and then entered in 429 AD? Not until 533 AD were the Vandals finally defeated by what empire? After being attacked by both the Visigoths and the Vandals, Rome finally fell to whom?

4 This man was from what area of Europe? What was his occupation before defeating Orestes of Rome? This defeat marked the end of what empire? The island of Britannia was invaded by what three Germanic tribes? What did the name England derive from? The Franks settled in what area of Europe? The Lombards settled in what area of Europe? The Pyrenees Mountains lie along the border of what two European countries? After the fall of the Roman Empire, most of Europe evolved into small kingdoms. What type of economic system developed during this time after the Roman Empire? What is a manor? What is a serf? Justinian ruled what Empire? What were the dates of his rule?

5 What are the four reasons we discussed for why Justinian was an important person in European history? v Justinian is famous for being a champion of orthodoxy. What is orthodoxy? He and his wife disagreed on many religious issues, including the use of icons. What is an icon? How would a Eastern Orthodox Christian use an icon? nstead of worshipping icons, what do Eastern Orthodox Christians say their attitude is toward them? What makes them controversial within Christianity? After the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD, what was the main unifying institution in Europe? Because of this, what man grew in power and influence throughout Western Europe? Saint Patrick was born where? What happened to him as a young person? What did he do later in his life that brought him sainthood status? Where did Clovis rule? Gregory the Great was between AD.

6 While struggling with both the and the Empire, Gregory tried hard not to use war to solve problems. Gregory was important to the development of the modern mass and to a particular form of singing (worship) called what? Charlemagne was named emperor of Rome by the pope on what date AD? Charlemagne's desire was to unite all Germanic tribes under Christianity. He reached his goal and this empire with a combined church and state is referred to as Empire What does the textbook state was the reason Vikings from Scandinavia moved south and invaded the lands of Denmark, France and England? What does the name viking translate to? How were Viking ships able to maneuver so well both on the open seas as well as on inland rivers? As well as invading lands on the European continent, Vikings ventured west as far as and east as far as modern-day What was the reputation of these invading Viking people? After they settled in their conquered lands, describe how the reputation of the Vikings changed