Renaissance Italy and the Medici Family

Transcription

1 Renaissance Italy and the Medici Family Made by Liesl at homeschoolden.com Note: We used many of these pages for reference only (saving on printer ink). We used this material to supplement our history textbook, The Story of the Renaissance (affiliate link), Chapter 3: The Italian City-States and Chapter 4: The Era of the Medici We also watched Empires - The Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance, (affiliate link) which did a fabulous job explaining how the Medici family influenced the events of early Renaissance period. This is also available from Amazon streaming here: The Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance (affiliate link) Feel free to make as many copies as you need for your kids or the students in your classroom and may be projected onto a screen for classroom use. This file may not be uploaded into any file sharing website. Disclosure: Please note that some of the links in this packet above are affiliate links, and at no additional cost to you, I will earn a commission if you decide to make a purchase.

2 Italian City-States and Papal States In the late Middle Ages, Italy was divided into smaller city-states and territories. There were five major centers of power: the city-states of Venice, Milan and Florence the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples

3 Venice, Italy The Ca' d'oro was a palace on the Grand Canal in Venice, northern Italy between By the Contarini family, who provided the city with 8 Doges. Venice was ruled by a Doge, Duke, and a Great Council. Doge's Palace Palazzo Ducale established in 1340

4 Milan Cathedral (was begun in 1385). It is the third largest in Europe. St. Peter's Basilica, Rome Designed principally by Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno and Gian Lorenzo Bernini, St. Peter's is the most renowned work of Renaissance architecture and one of the largest churches in the world. One method employed to finance the building of St. Peter's Basilica was the granting of indulgences in return for contributions.

5 Florence, birthplace of the Renaissance The engraving by Stefan du Pérac was published in 1569, five years after the death of Michelangelo Florence, Italy Duomo di Firenze, as it is ordinarily called, was begun in The dome was engineered by Filippo Brunelleschi.

6 The Medici The first settled in Florence in the century as cloth merchants. The Medici were always active in local. Florence became the center of Europe in the late 14th and 15th centuries. Giovanni di Bicci de Medici (right) founded a with his wife's dowry in His bank became the largest in Florence. Giovanni spent much of his wealth on the construction of, support of, and contributions to. Cosimo de Medici was Giovanni's son and Lorenzo's grandfather. He was a patron of and among others Lorenzo de' Medici was ruler of Florence and of the arts. Lorenzo commisioned art from Florence's leading artists, including Leonardo, Sandro, and Buonarroti. He died in After Lorenzo's death, Michelangelo spent time in Rome, but then returned to Florence in 1499 and worked on his famous statue of. Michelangelo was commissioned for the Pope's tomb and was then commissioned to paint the of the Sistine Chapel.

7 The Medici The Medici first settled in Florence in the 13th century as cloth merchants. The Medici were always active in local politics. Florence became the banking center of Europe in the late 15th and 16th centuries. Giovanni di Bicci de Medici founded a bank with his wife's dowry in His bank became the largest in Florence. Giovanni spent much of his wealth on the construction of churches, support of art, and contributions to charity. Cosimo de Medici was Giovanni's son and Lorenzo's grandfather. He was a patron of Donatello and Brunelleschi among others Lorenzo de' Medici was ruler of Florence and patron of the arts. Lorenzo commisioned art from Florence's leading artists, including Leonardo da Vinci, Sandro Botticelli, and Michelangelo Buonarroti. He died in After Lorenzo's death, Michelangelo spent time in Rome, but then returned to Florence in 1499 and worked on his famous statue of David. Michelangelo was commissioned for the Pope's tomb and was then commissioned to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

8 Which artist did the pieces below? Donatello Ghiberti Brunelleschi Masaccio Botticelli He portrayed Cosimo and Lorenzo Medici as wise men kneeling before the infant Jesus. He was one of the first to use the contrapposto pose again. He was one of the first to use linear perspective in his painting, employing techniques such as vanishing point in art for the first time.

9 Which artist did the pieces below? Donatello Ghiberti Brunelleschi Massaccio Brunelleschi Botticelli Donatello Masaccio Ghiberti Donatello Ghiberti Botticelli Masaccio Botticelli Botticelli: He portrayed Cosimo and Lorenzo Medici as wise men kneeling before the infant Jesus. Donatello: He was one of the first to use the contrapposto pose again. Masaccio: He was one of the first to use linear perspective in his painting, employing techniques such as vanishing point in art for the first time.

10 Masaccio - used linear perspective in his paintings. His most famous works are frescoes in the church of Santa Maria Novella The Expulsion of Adam and Eve The Tribute Money (Apostles are gathered in a circle around Christ as they are confronted by a tax collector)

11 Botticelli -- Cosimo and Lorenzo Medici are portrayed as wise men kneeling before the infant Jesus.

12 Botticelli -- The Birth of Venus the goddess of love and beauty arises from a clam shell

13 Pope Leo X Pope Leo X was second son of the Magnificent, ruler of the Florentine Republic. He was born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici. He was Pope from 9 March to his death in He is known for having said, "Since God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it" and spent money lavishly on art, music, and on personal luxuries. He is also known for granting for those who donated to reconstruct St. Peter's Basilica, which practice was challenged by Martin Luther's. Pope Leo X and Michelangelo: Pope Leo commissioned Michelangelo to reconstruct the façade of the Basilica of San Lorenzo in Florence and to adorn it with sculptures. In 1520 the work was abruptly cancelled by his financially strapped patrons before any real progress had been made. The basilica lacks a façade to this day. In 1520 the Medici came back to Michelangelo with another grand proposal, this time for a family funerary chapel in the Basilica of San Lorenzo. Fortunately for posterity, this project, occupying the artist for much of the 1520s and 1530s Pope Clement VII He was born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, to Pope Leo X. His father, Giuliano de' Medici, was assassinated. His mother also died, leaving him an orphan. He was the nephew of Lorenzo the Magnificent, who educated him in his youth.

14 He was Pope from 19 November 1523 to his death in Shortly before his death in 1534 Pope Clement VII commissioned Michelangelo to paint a fresco of on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel. His successor, Paul III was instrumental in seeing that Michelangelo began and completed the project. Michelangelo ignored the usual artistic conventions in portraying Jesus, and showed him a massive, muscular figure, youthful, beardless and naked. After it was completed, the depiction of Christ and the Virgin Mary naked was considered sacrilegious. Shortly before Michelangelo's death in 1564, an artist was commissioned to cover parts of the painting.

15 Pope Leo X Pope Leo X was second son of Lorenzo the Magnificent, ruler of the Florentine Republic. He was born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici. He was Pope from 9 March 1513 to his death in He is known for having said, "Since God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it" and spent money lavishly on grand meals. He is also known for granting indulgences for those who donated to reconstruct St. Peter's Basilica, which practice was challenged by Martin Luther's 95 Theses. Pope Leo X and Michelangelo: Pope Leo commissioned Michelangelo to reconstruct the façade of the Basilica of San Lorenzo in Florence and to adorn it with sculptures. In 1520 the work was abruptly cancelled by his financially strapped patrons before any real progress had been made. The basilica lacks a façade to this day. In 1520 the Medici came back to Michelangelo with another grand proposal, this time for a family funerary chapel in the Basilica of San Lorenzo. Fortunately for posterity, this project, occupying the artist for much of the 1520s and 1530s Pope Clement VII He was born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, cousin to Pope Leo X. His father, Giuliano de' Medici, was assassinated. His mother also died, leaving him an orphan. He was the nephew of Lorenzo the Magnificent, who educated him in his youth.

16 He was Pope from 19 November 1523 to his death in Shortly before his death in 1534 Pope Clement VII commissioned Michelangelo to paint a fresco of The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel. His successor, Paul III was instrumental in seeing that Michelangelo began and completed the project. Michelangelo ignored the usual artistic conventions in portraying Jesus, and showed him a massive, muscular figure, youthful, beardless and naked. After it was completed, the depiction of Christ and the Virgin Mary naked was considered sacrilegious. Shortly before Michelangelo's death in 1564, an artist was commissioned to cover parts of the painting.

17 Photo Credits: Italian City-States, Venice: _View_of_the_San_Marco_Basin.JPG Milan Cathedral: "876MilanoDuomo" by MarkusMark - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Commons - PG St Peter's Basilica: sehen.jpg Florence Cathedral Medici Donatello

18 Ghiberti Brunelleschi nonto,_giugno_2014,_01.jpg Massaccio _The_Expulsion_from_the_Garden_of_Eden_%28detail%29_-_WGA14180.jpg Botticelli _Google_Art_Project_-_edited.jpg _Adoration_of_the_Magi_%28Zanobi_Altar%29_-_Uffizi.jpg Popes _Pope_Leo_X_with_Cardinals_Giulio_de'_Medici_and_Luigi_de'_Rossi_-_WGA18876.jpg _Pope_Clement_VII_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg