Changing agricultural fiscal policies to stimulate sustainable economic growth, food production, and reduced deforestation

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Changing agricultural fiscal policies to stimulate sustainable economic growth, food production, and reduced deforestation"

Transcription

1 Changing agricultural fiscal policies to stimulate sustainable economic growth, food production, and reduced deforestation Session Brief: Global Landscapes Forum, , Sunday, 6 December, 2015 Written by Gabrielle Kissinger (Consultant, UNEP) with input from Ivo Mulder (REDD+ Economics Advisor, UNEP) and Johan Kieft (Green Economy Advisor, UNORCID) UN-REDD Programme What you will learn 1. How fiscal tools can be used to change from business-as-usual to more sustainable production in land use sectors, 2. The keys to success that can be applied in different national contexts and across different soft commodities 3. How funding for REDD+ and other forms of climate finance can be used to encourage greater compatability in incentives across land use sectors. The Context Agriculture is estimated to be the direct driver for around 80% of deforestation worldwide. In order for countries to contribute to mitigating climate change in the land use sector, they need to tackle both the direct and underlying or indirect drivers associated with the production of agricultural commodities such as palm oil, soy and beef. In many countries these underlying drivers include include government fiscal policies and incentives that directly or indirectly promote agricultural expansion into forests. Our global population is rising to at least 9 billion people by We are increasingly coming to understand that the economic and ecological stability we have come to rely on in the past is at risk, as natural capital depletion and increasingly marginal food production circumstances become the norm. Our agricultural systems underperform due to poor and inefficient practices, policies and market signals, and often depend 1

2 on spatial expansion into forests, rather than increases in yield per hectare, for production increases. Brazil and Indonesia together provided over $40 billion in subsidies to palm oil, timber, soy, and biofuel sectors between 2009 and 2012, which is more than a hundred times the $346 million these countries received through REDD+ (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries as well as stimulating conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks). 1 Domestic subsidies or incoherence in fiscal policies causing deforestation vastly outweighs the international REDD+ funding seeking to prevent it. International climate finance will not deliver the intended outcomes unless parallel efforts focus on bringing coherence to fiscal incentive frameworks to align sustainable economic growth, with food production and reduced deforestation. Fiscal incentives supporting agricultural production, however, have the potential to promote sustainable land use and support multiple land use sector objectives, if they are conceptualized and designed to do so 2. Decoupling economic growth from deforestation and land degradation is possible, and provides a pathway toward sustainable land use and sustainable inclusive economic growth. Defining fiscal incentives Fiscal policy is the means through which governments adjust spending and income through subsidies and taxes, and which can therefore have a large effect on the national economy. The definition of fiscal policies and incentives must be broad enough to capture the range of fiscal instruments that affect land use and forest cover change. Thus, the World Trade Organization s (WTO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Global Subsidies Initiative definitions of subsidies are all applicable (see below). 1 McFarland, W., S. Whitley, G. Kissinger, Subsidies to key commodities driving forest loss: Implications for private climate finance. Overseas Development Institute, London. 2 Kissinger, G., Fiscal incentives for agricultural commodity production: Options to forge compatibility with REDD+. UN- REDD Programme Policy Brief #7. 2

3 Fiscal incentives occur at different stages in commodity supply chains, ranging from land access to production, downstream processing and manufacturing, and domestic and international demand-side measures such as market-price support or fuel blending mandates. A number of different types of fiscal incentives is shown below. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. Source: Kissinger, G., Why look at compatibility in fiscal incentives across sectors now? This past September, the United Nations General Assembly, comprised of 193 Member States, adopted the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight the key goals of halting and 3

4 reversing land degradation and biodiversity loss, sustainably managing forests, ensuring sustainable production and consumption patterns, and promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth among other goals. One sustainable development target specifically calls for the phasing out of inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourages wasteful consumption and market distortions (see box below). In addition, the Aichi Biodiversity Target No. 3 calls for the elimination and reformation of incentives and subsidies harmful to biodiversity by Sustainable Development Goals of relevance: Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns Ø Key targets include achieving the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources by 2030 and rationalizing inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions. This includes restructuring taxation and phasing out harmful subsidies to reflect their environmental impacts, being attuned to national circumstances and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on developing countries, and poor and affected communities. Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Ø Key targets include integrating climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning and mobilization of $100 billion annually by 2020 for mitigation action. Goal 15: Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss Ø Key targets include promoting the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests by halting deforestation, restoration of degraded forests and increased afforestation and reforestation globally by 2020, and achieving a land degradationneutral world by The Warsaw framework for REDD+ encourages governments and others to take action to reduce the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, and reaffirms the importance of addressing these pressures in the context of the development and implementation of REDD+ national strategies and action plans by REDD+ countries, depending on their national circumstances. However, very few countries, if any at present, call out the need to review and reform existing fiscal incentives as part of their REDD+ readiness activities, based on reviewing 43 country REDD+ readiness plans. 3 4 However, in order for countries to achieve sustainable economic growth by placing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the helm of economic and 3 Salvini, G., M. Herold, V. De Sy, G. Kissinger, M. Brockhaus, M. Skutsch, How countries link REDD+ interventions to drivers in their readiness plans: implications for monitoring systems. Environmental Research Letters. 4 Kissinger, G., M. Herold, V. De Sy. Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation: A Synthesis Report for REDD+ Policymakers. Lexeme Consulting, Vancouver Canada, August

5 development planning, fiscal incentives that promote agricultural expansion need to become better aligned with REDD+ objectives. The recent New Climate Economy report for example notes that many countries subsidize key agricultural inputs, such as irrigation water and fertilizer, in order to boost productivity, but evidence suggests these subsidies can also lead to waste and environmental damage. What can REDD+ countries do about agricultural fiscal incentives? There is no one-size-fits-all solution for countries to amend agricultural fiscal incentives. National circumstances differ and each country will have a varied approach to identify how their fiscal policies and incentives can overcome inherent conflicts between sectors and competing land uses, serve multiple objectives, and to send the right signals to the private sector. Success stories of fiscal incentive reform include: Ø In Brazil, a change in Central Bank policy prevented US$1.4 billion from being loaned to unsustainable agricultural practices as these loan applications did not comply with Brazilian environmental regulations. This change in policy contributed to a 15% decrease in deforestation in the Amazon between 2008 and Brazil made deforestation a crime back in 1998, and the ability to access rural credit dependent upon legal compliance with existing laws, guided by a biome-wide management plan and related sector development plans. Noncompliant biome municipalities were blacklisted and denied access to agricultural credit and subjected to product supply embargoes until the municipality registered 80% of its properties in the Cadastro Ambiental Rural mapping system and lowered deforestation rates. Ø In Niger, changing a regulatory incentive that encouraged farmers to remove trees from their farms resulted in the regeneration of 4.8 million ha of land and an increase of farmer household incomes of 18 24%. Ø India sought to overcome the perverse incentives that state and local governments had to undervalue and mismanage forests, and declining revenue from forests due to the implementation of the National Forest Policy. India s 14th Finance Commission made a slight shift in 2015 to the intergovernmental fiscal transfer system, by: 1) increasing the amount of revenue allocated to states by 10%, and 2) Assigning a 7.5% weight to forest cover in the allocation formula of revenue going to states. The percentage weight allocated to forest cover is expected to deliver US$6 billion a year to Indian states, which is perhaps the largest revenueneutral fiscal incentive in the world to keep forests standing. 5

6 Indonesia s peat fires and related haze in 2015 have resulted in one of the worst environmental catastrophes in recent memory. At least 19 deaths have been reported, 550,000 people suffer acute respiratory infections, and daily greenhouse gas emissions have been greater than from the entire US economy. While not entirely to blame, the lack of enforcement of Presidential Decree No.32/1990 mandating no deforestation on deep peat provided in-kind incentives for companies to log on peat soils. Indonesia s challenge now is to redefine the full suite of land use regulations and fiscal incentives that influence peat clearance. One option is a tax on peat land use, administered as a special tariff of the Land and Buildings Tax for large-scale license holders. As almost 60% of all fires have occurred outside concessions, there is high probability that the intergovernmental fiscal transfer system could incorporate incentives to promote better peat land planning at provincial and regency levels. The speakers at this High-level Dialogue will provide insight in their views how to achieve success to meet tomorrow s challenges. The audience will also be actively stimulated to provide constructive suggestions and feedback to find the best pathways forward. Questions for discussion 1. How can we envision change from business-as-usual in land use sectors, and how can all relevant stakeholders, including government ministries and private sector partners be brought along? 2. Getting governments to work in a holistic manner takes enormous political leadership at the highest levels. What are the keys to success that can be applied in different national contexts and across different commodities? 3. How can funding for REDD+ and other forms of climate finance be harnessed to redesign incentives that stimulate agricultural production and economic growth, but not at the expense of continued forest loss? Are the panelists aware of recent success stories? 6

Seeing the Forest for the Trees Making the Most of Synergies to Achieve SDGs in a Constrained Environment By Mahmoud Mohieldin and Paula Caballero

Seeing the Forest for the Trees Making the Most of Synergies to Achieve SDGs in a Constrained Environment By Mahmoud Mohieldin and Paula Caballero Goal 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss Seeing

More information

Liquid Biofuels for Transport

Liquid Biofuels for Transport page 1/11 Scientific Facts on Liquid Biofuels for Transport Prospects, risks and opportunities Source document: FAO (2008) Summary & Details: GreenFacts Context - Serious questions are being raised about

More information

Conclusions. Towards a green economy

Conclusions. Towards a green economy Conclusions Towards a green economy Conclusions Moving towards a green economy has the potential to achieve sustainable development and eradicate poverty on an unprecedented scale, with speed and effectiveness.

More information

Mondelēz International Palm Oil Action Plan. Contents

Mondelēz International Palm Oil Action Plan. Contents Mondelēz International Palm Oil Action Plan Contents 1. MDLZ principles and position for palm oil 2. Supplier engagement 3. Timeline to achieve a physical supply of sustainably sourced palm oil 4. Innovation

More information

6.1 FLEGT, REDD+ and agricultural commodities

6.1 FLEGT, REDD+ and agricultural commodities 6.1 FLEGT, REDD+ and agricultural commodities Duncan Brack Over the last decade, governments in timber-producing and timber-consuming countries have implemented a range of policies and measures to improve

More information

PRACTICAL STRATEGIES FOR IMMEDIATE PROGRESS ON CLIMATE CHANGE BUILDING BLOCKS FOR A GLOBAL AGREEMENT

PRACTICAL STRATEGIES FOR IMMEDIATE PROGRESS ON CLIMATE CHANGE BUILDING BLOCKS FOR A GLOBAL AGREEMENT PRACTICAL STRATEGIES FOR IMMEDIATE PROGRESS ON CLIMATE CHANGE BUILDING BLOCKS FOR A GLOBAL AGREEMENT Forging an effective response to climate change is one of the international community s highest priorities.

More information

For a Green Economy Tomorrow, Private Sector Development Today will Tip the Scales!

For a Green Economy Tomorrow, Private Sector Development Today will Tip the Scales! DCED Green Growth Working Group For a Green Economy Tomorrow, Private Sector Development Today will Tip the Scales! The Rio+20 summit in June 2012 will further substantiate the concept of sustainable development

More information

GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE (GACSA)

GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE (GACSA) GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE (GACSA) FRAMEWORK DOCUMENT Version 01 :: 1 September 2014 I Vision 1. In today s world there is enough food produced for all to be well-fed, but one person

More information

Green Development Support Program. For BAPPENAS (Indonesia s Development Planning Ministry) World Bank March 2014

Green Development Support Program. For BAPPENAS (Indonesia s Development Planning Ministry) World Bank March 2014 Green Development Support Program For BAPPENAS (Indonesia s Development Planning Ministry) World Bank March 2014 Background: Bold initiatives of Indonesian Government 26-41% Voluntary emission reduction

More information

TST Issues Brief: Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought 1

TST Issues Brief: Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought 1 TST Issues Brief: Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought 1 I. Stocktaking Understanding Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought (DLDD) Land is a vital resource for producing food and other

More information

Sustainable Land Management in the Global Environment Facility. GEF Role as Financial Mechanism of the UNCCD

Sustainable Land Management in the Global Environment Facility. GEF Role as Financial Mechanism of the UNCCD Sustainable Land Management in the Global Environment Facility GEF Role as Financial Mechanism of the UNCCD GEF as Financial Mechanism of the UNCCD Land Degradation Focal Area as main GEF financing window

More information

Achieving a high-productivity, sustainable palm oil sector in Indonesia: a landscape management approach

Achieving a high-productivity, sustainable palm oil sector in Indonesia: a landscape management approach Achieving a high-productivity, sustainable palm oil sector in Indonesia: a landscape management approach June 2015 Goal: A growing number of government, business and civil society, including Unilever and

More information

GREEN COMMODITIES PROGRAMME

GREEN COMMODITIES PROGRAMME GREEN COMMODITIES PROGRAMME Market players brands, traders, retailers have become increasingly engaged in sustainable value chains. This has brought significant business benefits and real change on the

More information

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) Readiness Mechanism Review and Assessment of Readiness Preparation Proposals DRAFT September 4, 2009 This Program Document updates Program Document FMT 2009-1-Rev.2

More information

CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE. Executive Summary

CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE. Executive Summary CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE Sourcebook Executive Summary Why is climate-smart agriculture needed? Between now and 2050, the world s population will increase by one-third. Most of these additional 2 billion

More information

Targets in the proposed SDGs framework

Targets in the proposed SDGs framework Targets in the proposed SDGs framework Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages 3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age 3.6 By 2020,

More information

10721/16 GSC/lt 1 DGB 2B

10721/16 GSC/lt 1 DGB 2B Council of the European Union Brussels, 28 June 2016 (OR. en) 10721/16 OUTCOME OF PROCEEDINGS From: General Secretariat of the Council On: 28 June 2016 To: Delegations No. prev. doc.: 10320/16 REV 1 Subject:

More information

REDD+ in the UN Climate Regime. Prof. Dr. Christina Voigt International Climate Change and Energy Law

REDD+ in the UN Climate Regime. Prof. Dr. Christina Voigt International Climate Change and Energy Law REDD+ in the UN Climate Regime Prof. Dr. Christina Voigt International Climate Change and Energy Law REDD People Forests Climate Change From this video/presentation: 1. What is REDD+? 2. Who should be

More information

Intervention on behalf of Denmark, Norway and Ireland on the occasion of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals meeting on

Intervention on behalf of Denmark, Norway and Ireland on the occasion of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals meeting on Intervention on behalf of Denmark, Norway and Ireland on the occasion of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals meeting on Sustainable Consumption and Production, including Chemicals and

More information

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW OF BRAZIL. Main findings and recommendations

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW OF BRAZIL. Main findings and recommendations ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW OF BRAZIL Main findings and recommendations Nathalie Girouard and Ivana Capozza OECD Environment Directorate Brasília, 4 November 2015 Outline Brazil s economic and social

More information

July 7, 2009 DESIGN DOCUMENT FOR THE FOREST INVESTMENT PROGRAM, A TARGETED PROGRAM UNDER THE SCF TRUST FUND

July 7, 2009 DESIGN DOCUMENT FOR THE FOREST INVESTMENT PROGRAM, A TARGETED PROGRAM UNDER THE SCF TRUST FUND July 7, 2009 DESIGN DOCUMENT FOR THE FOREST INVESTMENT PROGRAM, A TARGETED PROGRAM UNDER THE SCF TRUST FUND 2 I. BACKGROUND 1. There is increasing consensus that addressing climate change is central to

More information

Resource efficiency. United Nations Environment Programme

Resource efficiency. United Nations Environment Programme Resource efficiency United Nations Environment Programme An overview Economic growth and social development cannot be sustained with our current consumption and production patterns. Globally, we are extracting

More information

Unilever Sustainable Palm Oil Sourcing Policy 2016

Unilever Sustainable Palm Oil Sourcing Policy 2016 Unilever Sustainable Palm Oil Sourcing Policy 2016 Unilever uses palm oil in food products as well as in a range of home and personal care products. Palm oil is a nutritious, versatile raw material, and

More information

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY DRAFT REVISED NATIONAL FOREST POLICY OF MALAWI

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY DRAFT REVISED NATIONAL FOREST POLICY OF MALAWI DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY DRAFT REVISED NATIONAL FOREST POLICY OF MALAWI July, 2013 1. Foreword 2. Preface 3. Introduction 4. Policy linkages 5. Broad Policy Direction 6. Policy Priority Areas Provides the

More information

Economic and Social Council

Economic and Social Council United Nations E/CN.18/2009/13/Add.3 Economic and Social Council Distr.: General 26 January 2009 Word Count: 3,117 Original: English Advanced Unedited Version United Nations Forum on Forests Eighth session

More information

E VIRO ME T Council meeting Luxembourg, 14 October 2013

E VIRO ME T Council meeting Luxembourg, 14 October 2013 COU CIL OF THE EUROPEA U IO EN Conclusions on Preparations for the 19th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 19) to the United ations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the 9th session

More information

Perspective. The Hanoi Communiqué

Perspective. The Hanoi Communiqué The Hanoi Communiqué The Ministers, representatives of countries, practitioners, scientists, civil society, private sector, and all other participants present at the 2 nd Global Conference on Agriculture,

More information

Fossil fuels subsidies in the agenda of the G20

Fossil fuels subsidies in the agenda of the G20 Fossil fuels subsidies in the agenda of the G20 María Victoria Lottici Researcher Centre for International Economy Argentine Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade GSI-UNEP Conference - Increasing

More information

Charcoal Production in Ghana

Charcoal Production in Ghana Charcoal Production in Ghana Building a Sustainable Model based on Community Management and Payments for Ecosystem Services John J. Mason Executive Director NCRC, Accra In 1900 Ghana had 8.2 million hectares

More information

of bioenergy and actions

of bioenergy and actions SustainabILITY of bioenergy Fortum s POSITION and actions The key opinions and actions in the sustainable utilisation of bioenergy at Fortum are presented below. The guidelines contribute to Fortum s Sustainability

More information

Global Peatland Fund Presentation UNFCC Climate Conference

Global Peatland Fund Presentation UNFCC Climate Conference Global Peatland Fund Presentation UNFCC Climate Conference Bali (Indonesia), December 2007 Introduction Sustainable Investment Opportunity The Global Peatland Fund has been established to help prevent

More information

Nurture Our Planet. Nourish Our People. Recommendations from the High Level Roundtable on Food and Nutrition Security and Sustainable Agriculture

Nurture Our Planet. Nourish Our People. Recommendations from the High Level Roundtable on Food and Nutrition Security and Sustainable Agriculture Recommendations from the High Level Roundtable on Food and Nutrition Security and Sustainable Agriculture 15 16 March 2012, New York Nourish Our People Nurture Our Planet Women in Ethiopia showing cabbage

More information

OVERVIEW of the ETHIOPIA S CLIMATE RESILENT GREEN ECONOMY STRATEGY

OVERVIEW of the ETHIOPIA S CLIMATE RESILENT GREEN ECONOMY STRATEGY FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA OVERVIEW of the ETHIOPIA S CLIMATE RESILENT GREEN ECONOMY STRATEGY Wondwossen Tadesse 1. Introduction Like most countries,ethiopia is experiencing the effects of

More information

How Humans Impact the Environment. Jonathan M. Links, PhD Johns Hopkins University

How Humans Impact the Environment. Jonathan M. Links, PhD Johns Hopkins University This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. Your use of this material constitutes acceptance of that license and the conditions of use of materials on this

More information

Communiqué Global Bioeconomy Summit 2015

Communiqué Global Bioeconomy Summit 2015 Communiqué Global Bioeconomy Summit 2015 Making Bioeconomy Work for Sustainable Development Communiqué of the Global Bioeconomy Summit 2015 Making Bioeconomy Work for Sustainable Development The first

More information

G20 Agriculture Ministers Meeting Communiqué

G20 Agriculture Ministers Meeting Communiqué G20 Agriculture Ministers Meeting Communiqué Xi an, 3 June 2016 1. We, the G20 Agriculture Ministers, met today in Xi an to discuss how G20 members can promote food security, nutrition, sustainable agricultural

More information

How can an Ecological Footprint Contribute to Green Economy in Africa?

How can an Ecological Footprint Contribute to Green Economy in Africa? RIO+20 AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK How can an Ecological Footprint Contribute to Green Economy in Africa? Introduction Fundamentally we all depend on nature, the ecological infrastructure of the planet that

More information

Financial sector leadership on natural capital

Financial sector leadership on natural capital Financial sector leadership on natural capital The Natural Capital Declaration A commitment by financial institutions to mainstream natural capital in financial products and in accounting, disclosure and

More information

Aid, trade, diplomacy and law enforcement

Aid, trade, diplomacy and law enforcement Aid, trade, diplomacy and law enforcement A Dutch view on reducing deforestation in supply chains of agricultural commodities. Rob Busink, Nature and Biodiversity Department Transatlantic Dialogue, 23-24

More information

Submission by the Plurinational State of Bolivia March 26, 2014. The progress of the JMA in the context of the UNFCCC is the following:

Submission by the Plurinational State of Bolivia March 26, 2014. The progress of the JMA in the context of the UNFCCC is the following: Matters relating to methodological guidance for Non-market based approaches, such as joint mitigation and adaptation approaches for the integral and sustainable management of forests as established in

More information

Research to improve the use and conservation of agricultural biodiversity for smallholder farmers

Research to improve the use and conservation of agricultural biodiversity for smallholder farmers Research to improve the use and conservation of agricultural biodiversity for smallholder farmers Agricultural biodiversity the variability of crops and their wild relatives, trees, animals, arthropods,

More information

Business as Usual is Not an Option: Trade and Markets

Business as Usual is Not an Option: Trade and Markets Issues in Brief Business as Usual is Not an Option: Trade and Markets Underinvestment in developing country agriculture including in local and regional market infrastructure, information and services has

More information

Soil. The Substance of Transformation. EKTA PARISHAD India

Soil. The Substance of Transformation. EKTA PARISHAD India Soil. The Substance of Transformation EKTA PARISHAD India Soil Supports Decent Living Standards The Global Soil Week is a collective process and a knowledge platform for sustainable soil management and

More information

Response to the Energy White Paper Issues Paper PREPARED BY EMC ENGINEERING FOR THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRY

Response to the Energy White Paper Issues Paper PREPARED BY EMC ENGINEERING FOR THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRY Response to the Energy White Paper Issues Paper PREPARED BY EMC ENGINEERING FOR THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRY i P a g e www.energym adeclean.com CONTENTS

More information

Ecosystem Services and Rural Poverty Reduction

Ecosystem Services and Rural Poverty Reduction Ecosystem Services and Rural Poverty Reduction Issues, Challenges and Opportunities Balakrishna Pisupati United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Focus Poverty Poverty-Environment Linkages Poverty Biodiversity

More information

China s experiences in domestic agricultural support. Tian Weiming China Agricultural University

China s experiences in domestic agricultural support. Tian Weiming China Agricultural University China s experiences in domestic agricultural support Tian Weiming China Agricultural University Contents Background The policy system Major measures and their implementation Empirical assessment of the

More information

ACCOUNTING FOR ASIA S NATURAL CAPITAL

ACCOUNTING FOR ASIA S NATURAL CAPITAL ACCOUNTING FOR S NATURAL CAPITAL DRIVING THE TRANSITION TO A RESOURCE-EFFICIENT GREEN ECONOMY Asia s rapid economic growth during recent decades has been accompanied by serious depletion of the region

More information

Building a Sustainable Biofuels Business: an Overview of the Market and BP Biofuels

Building a Sustainable Biofuels Business: an Overview of the Market and BP Biofuels Building a Sustainable Biofuels Business: an Overview of the Market and BP Biofuels BP Biofuels a growing alternative Presentation title second line if required Kristen Kurczak, BP Biofuels Johannesburg,

More information

Land Degradation (Desertification and Deforestation) Strategy

Land Degradation (Desertification and Deforestation) Strategy Land Degradation (Desertification and Deforestation) Strategy Background The Land Degradation Focal Area (LD FA) directly supports the implementation of the UNCCD, as an operating entity of the Financial

More information

AG R I C U LT U R E GREEN ECONOMY

AG R I C U LT U R E GREEN ECONOMY THIS IS THE STORY OF AG R I C U LT U R E GREEN ECONOMY We need to make the global economy green. provides significant opportunities for growth, investment and jobs to help make this happen. $ Everyone

More information

SFM FINANCING facts and challenges

SFM FINANCING facts and challenges SFM FINANCING facts and challenges Republic of Indonesia By: YETTI RUSLI Senior Adviser to the Minister of Forestry 1 st Ad hoc Expert Group of The UNFF on Forest Financing, Nairobi 13-17 September 2010

More information

The United Nations Environment Programme and the 2030 Agenda. Global Action for People and the Planet

The United Nations Environment Programme and the 2030 Agenda. Global Action for People and the Planet The United Nations Environment Programme and the 2030 Agenda Global Action for People and the Planet Unemployment, resource scarcity, climate change, food insecurity and inequity all signal the need for

More information

1) Stakeholder participation in ER-PIN planning and ERP design

1) Stakeholder participation in ER-PIN planning and ERP design Grading for ER-PIN Assessments: Color Qualification Analysis Green The indicator is clearly addressed and supported by country stakeholders and other sources of evidence; Yellow The indicator is partially

More information

Environmental Regularization of Rural Lands in the Cerrado Biome CAR-FIP Project Brazilian Investment Plan Forest Investment Program (FIP) Climate

Environmental Regularization of Rural Lands in the Cerrado Biome CAR-FIP Project Brazilian Investment Plan Forest Investment Program (FIP) Climate Environmental Regularization of Rural Lands in the Cerrado Biome CAR-FIP Project Brazilian Investment Plan Forest Investment Program (FIP) Climate Investment Funds (CIF) Problem Tree High emission of Greenhouse

More information

Importance of Forestry in China

Importance of Forestry in China China s Forestry Strategy Development and Financing and for Forestry Sustainable Development Reform in China Dai Guangcui China National Forestry Economics and Development Research Center (FEDRC) State

More information

Working towards sustainable development:

Working towards sustainable development: Under Embargo until 10h00 GMT 31 May 2012 Working towards sustainable development: Opportunities for decent work and social inclusion in a green economy Executive Summary INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION

More information

Global Environment Facility GEF OPERATIONAL PROGRAM #13 ON CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURE

Global Environment Facility GEF OPERATIONAL PROGRAM #13 ON CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURE Global Environment Facility GEF OPERATIONAL PROGRAM #13 ON CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IMPORTANT TO AGRICULTURE CONTENTS Introduction..1 Convention Guidance... 2 Agricultural

More information

HLPE report on Nutrition and Food Systems

HLPE report on Nutrition and Food Systems HLPE report on Nutrition and Food Systems e-consultation on an Issues Note proposed by the HLPE Steering Committee From 9 December 2015 to 15 February 2016 Short Summary by the HLPE Secretariat 1 There

More information

Water resources. The main problems of pollution that need to be addressed in the country are the following:

Water resources. The main problems of pollution that need to be addressed in the country are the following: Translated from Spanish Water resources 1. The issue of water resources At the present time, sustainable standards for the development and use of water resources are not maintained in many parts of the

More information

Tracking Tool for SFM/REDD- Plus Projects. Guidance Note v0.2

Tracking Tool for SFM/REDD- Plus Projects. Guidance Note v0.2 Tracking Tool for SFM/REDD- Plus Projects Guidance Note v0.2 Introduction The SFM/REDD- plus tracking tool (TT) aims to measure progress in achieving the impacts and outcomes established at the portfolio

More information

SUPPORTING FACTSHEET

SUPPORTING FACTSHEET SUPPORTING FACTSHEET 13 August 2015 Progress towards delivering Asia Pulp & Paper Group s peatland commitments OVERVIEW... 2 APP CONSERVATION MILESTONES... 2 CONTEXT... 2 Indonesia scommitment to greenhouse

More information

Food Security in a Volatile World

Food Security in a Volatile World Issues in Brief Food Security in a Volatile World Developments in agriculture over the last fifty years have increased yields sufficiently to provide on average more than enough food for every person on

More information

Accounting firm: audit, tax and financial advice

Accounting firm: audit, tax and financial advice PwC Accounting firm: audit, tax and financial advice Advisory services related to Climate Change and Sustainability: - Due-Diligence for carbon investments - Design and implementation of voluntary emission

More information

Environmental governance

Environmental governance Environmental governance United Nations Environment Programme An overview Governing our planet s rich and diverse natural resources is an increasingly complex challenge. In our globalised world of interconnected

More information

CHARCOAL PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIALIZATION IN KENYA. Robert Pavel Oimeke Ag. Director Renewable Energy Energy Regulatory Commission, Kenya

CHARCOAL PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIALIZATION IN KENYA. Robert Pavel Oimeke Ag. Director Renewable Energy Energy Regulatory Commission, Kenya CHARCOAL PRODUCTION AND COMMERCIALIZATION IN KENYA Robert Pavel Oimeke Ag. Director Renewable Energy Energy Regulatory Commission, Kenya Joint UN Habitat / IRENA workshop: Renewables for Growing Cities

More information

VIENNA RESOLUTION 4 CONSERVING AND ENHANCING FOREST BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN EUROPE

VIENNA RESOLUTION 4 CONSERVING AND ENHANCING FOREST BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN EUROPE FOURTH MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE ON THE PROTECTION OF FORESTS IN EUROPE 28 30 April 2003, Vienna, Austria VIENNA RESOLUTION 4 CONSERVING AND ENHANCING FOREST BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN EUROPE 1. Recognising

More information

EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL POLICY TOOLS FOR EMISSION REDUCTION

EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL POLICY TOOLS FOR EMISSION REDUCTION Submission of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Sustainable Building Initiative (SBCI) to the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action under the Convention (AWG-LCA) 24 April

More information

TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE TRADE AND FOOD SECURITY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Jonathan Brooks, OECD Trade and Agriculture Directorate Sahel and West Africa Week, Forum, 7th December, Ouagadougou Main message: open markets can improve

More information

How To Make A Green Economy A Profitable Business Recipebook

How To Make A Green Economy A Profitable Business Recipebook Dubai PAGE Conference Parallel Session Report on Fiscal policy and finance Investing in a green transition 1. Background In the run-up to the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20)

More information

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL S ASKS FOR UNFCCC COP21

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL S ASKS FOR UNFCCC COP21 Background BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL S ASKS FOR UNFCCC COP21 The climate change talks in Paris (UNFCCC COP21) are the culmination of several years of negotiations towards the adoption of a global climate

More information

ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS for GREEN GROWTH and GREEN AGRICULTURE. Radmilo Pešić University of Belgrade. Definition

ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS for GREEN GROWTH and GREEN AGRICULTURE. Radmilo Pešić University of Belgrade. Definition ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS for GREEN GROWTH and GREEN AGRICULTURE Radmilo Pešić University of Belgrade Definition Green jobs are defined as jobs that reduce the environmental impact of enterprises and economic

More information

Soil. The Substance of Transformation

Soil. The Substance of Transformation Global Soil Week '15 Soil. The Substance of Transformation EKTA PARISHAD India Soil Supports Decent Living Standards The Global Soil Week is a collective process and a knowledge platform for sustainable

More information

Creating Green Jobs within the Environment and Culture sector.

Creating Green Jobs within the Environment and Culture sector. Creating Green Jobs within the Environment and Culture sector. Matilda Skosana Environmental Programmes (ILO Definition): 1. DEFINITION OF GREEN JOB. Jobs are green when they help reduce negative environmental

More information

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE FOOD AVAILABILITY AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE Nadia El-Hage Scialabba Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, FAO FAO/OECD Expert Meeting on Greening the Economy with Agriculture Paris, 5

More information

10 S TEPS FOR C ARBON C REDIT S UPPORTED PROJECTS:

10 S TEPS FOR C ARBON C REDIT S UPPORTED PROJECTS: 10 S TEPS FOR C ARBON C REDIT S UPPORTED PROJECTS: Mercy Corps supports initiatives that fulfil our development mandate; where these also reduce greenhouse gas emissions we can look for financial support

More information

Defining Forest Degradation for an Effective Mechanism to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD)

Defining Forest Degradation for an Effective Mechanism to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) Defining Forest Degradation for an Effective Mechanism to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) Background Sean Cadman October 2008 1 At the request of the Bali COP, SBSTA convened

More information

Ref.: SCBD/MPO/AF/CR/84948 31 August 2015 N O T I F I C A T I O N. Preparation for the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit 2015

Ref.: SCBD/MPO/AF/CR/84948 31 August 2015 N O T I F I C A T I O N. Preparation for the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit 2015 Ref.: SCBD/MPO/AF/CR/84948 31 August 2015 Dear Madam/Sir, N O T I F I C A T I O N Preparation for the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit 2015 I am pleased to inform you that the President of

More information

Y20 Russia 2013 Delegates Declaration

Y20 Russia 2013 Delegates Declaration Y20 Russia 2013 Delegates Declaration We, the delegates of Y20 Russia 2013, Convened in Saint Petersburg on 18-21 June 2013 in order to address major imbalances in the areas of global finance and sustainable

More information

DSM Position on Sustainable Biomass

DSM Position on Sustainable Biomass Corporate Public Affairs Het Overloon 1, 6411 TE Heerlen, the Netherlands www.dsm.com April 2012 DSM Position on Sustainable Biomass Key messages DSM is a leading Life Sciences and Materials Sciences company

More information

How to implement renewable energy and energy efficiency options

How to implement renewable energy and energy efficiency options How to implement renewable energy and energy efficiency options Support for South African local government solar water heaters energy efficient lighting energy efficient buildings public transport How

More information

1) Stakeholder participation in ER-PIN planning and ERP design

1) Stakeholder participation in ER-PIN planning and ERP design Grading for ER-PIN Assessments: Color Qualification Analysis Green The indicator is clearly addressed and supported by country stakeholders and other sources of evidence; Reasons for attributed grade should

More information

Indonesian Government Blue Carbon Priorities. Tonny Wagey

Indonesian Government Blue Carbon Priorities. Tonny Wagey Indonesian Government Blue Carbon Priorities 1) 2) Tonny Wagey 1) Blue Carbon Centre - MoMAF 2) Arafura and Timor Seas Ecosystem Action (ATSEA) Why is Blue Carbon Important for Indonesia? Total Area: 3.11

More information

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Funding Highlights: Provides $23.7 billion in discretionary resources for the Department of Agriculture to invest in rural communities; nutrition assistance for vulnerable populations;

More information

The European Renewable Energy Directive and international Trade. Laurent Javaudin Delegation of the European Commission to the U.S.

The European Renewable Energy Directive and international Trade. Laurent Javaudin Delegation of the European Commission to the U.S. The European Renewable Energy Directive and international Trade Laurent Javaudin Delegation of the European Commission to the U.S. The European Union 27 Member States 490 million people 2 Outline The Present:

More information

Role of Government in Agriculture Risk Mitigation & Expansion of Insurance in India

Role of Government in Agriculture Risk Mitigation & Expansion of Insurance in India Role of Government in Agriculture Risk Mitigation & Expansion of Insurance in India Kolli N Rao 4 th October 2015 0 OVERVIEW India: The Agriculture Setting India: Agriculture Insurance Architecture Agriculture

More information

Panel Remarks by Mr Mmboneni Muofhe, GEO Principal Alternate, Deputy Director General, Department of Science and Technology, South Africa

Panel Remarks by Mr Mmboneni Muofhe, GEO Principal Alternate, Deputy Director General, Department of Science and Technology, South Africa UNGGIM- HLF, 20 22 April 2016, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Session 1: Land Information for Sustainable Development Sub- Session: Addressing challenges confronting countries 20 April 2016: 15h45 17h00 Panel Remarks

More information

Status of the World s Soil Resources

Status of the World s Soil Resources 5 December 2015 Status of the World s Soil Resources The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils (ITPS), the main scientific advisory body to the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) hosted by the Food and

More information

Enhancing Biodiversity. Proactive management of biodiversity in intensive agriculture

Enhancing Biodiversity. Proactive management of biodiversity in intensive agriculture Enhancing Biodiversity Proactive management of biodiversity in intensive agriculture Contents Introduction Increasing food security in a sustainable way 3 The importance of biodiversity The vitality and

More information

Investment Report - The Forest 500

Investment Report - The Forest 500 INVESTORS 2015 RESULTS To ensure deforestation free supply chains, companies need to adopt and implement timebound and measurable policies for forest risk commodities www.forest500.org About the Forest

More information

Introduction to the Project and Today s Meeting

Introduction to the Project and Today s Meeting EGM on Low Carbon Development Pathways, New York, 19-20 May 2011 Introduction to the Project and Today s Meeting David O Connor, UN DESA 1. The Project: Supporting National Governments in the Transition

More information

Fact sheet: STEPPING UP INTERNATIONAL ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE The Road to Copenhagen

Fact sheet: STEPPING UP INTERNATIONAL ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE The Road to Copenhagen Fact sheet: STEPPING UP INTERNATIONAL ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE The Road to Copenhagen Introduction Climate change is today widely recognized as one of mankind s greatest challenges in the 21st century.

More information

Constraints to investment in small-scale forestry

Constraints to investment in small-scale forestry Forestry Policy Brief Financing sustainable forest management Recent experiences show that many countries in Latin America are already using a wide range of financing sources and mechanisms to support

More information

FIRST NATIONAL CONFERENCE

FIRST NATIONAL CONFERENCE FIRST NATIONAL CONFERENCE 100 YEARS OF FORESTRY IN GHANA Mr. Samuel Afari Dartey Chief Executive, Forestry Commission Introduction Background Outline Trajectory of Forestry Initiatives Forest Protection/Reservation

More information

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (INDCs)

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (INDCs) UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (INDCs) 1. Introduction The United Republic of Tanzania, which comprises of Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar, brings forth her Intended

More information

Advancing Sustainable Landscapes in the Andean Amazon. Adaptive Management and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework

Advancing Sustainable Landscapes in the Andean Amazon. Adaptive Management and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Advancing Sustainable Landscapes in the Andean Amazon Adaptive Management and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Submitted: April 30, 2012 INITIATIVE FOR CONSERVATION IN THE ANDEAN AMAZON Advancing Sustainable

More information

Ready for REDD: Acre s State Programs for Sustainable Development and Deforestation Control

Ready for REDD: Acre s State Programs for Sustainable Development and Deforestation Control Ready for REDD: Acre s State Programs for Sustainable Development and Deforestation Control Executive Summary The Brazilian Amazonian state of Acre, though still relatively poor and isolated, has over

More information

Governance deficiencies of environmental and forest funds in Pará and Mato Grosso Alice Thuault *, Brenda Brito ** and Priscilla Santos

Governance deficiencies of environmental and forest funds in Pará and Mato Grosso Alice Thuault *, Brenda Brito ** and Priscilla Santos Governance deficiencies of environmental and forest funds in Pará and Alice Thuault *, Brenda Brito ** and Priscilla Santos Many international and domestic government and civil society actors see the use

More information

Six greenhouse gases covered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol are:

Six greenhouse gases covered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol are: Fact sheet: The need for mitigation United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Along with adaptation, mitigation is one of the two central approaches in the international climate change process.

More information

System Basics for the certification of sustainable biomass and bioenergy

System Basics for the certification of sustainable biomass and bioenergy ISCC 201 System Basics System Basics for the certification of sustainable biomass and bioenergy ISCC 11-03-15 V 2.3-EU Copyright notice ISCC 2011 This ISCC document is protected by copyright. It is freely

More information

Nordea Asset Management. Our Approach on Climate Change

Nordea Asset Management. Our Approach on Climate Change Nordea Asset Management Our Approach on Climate Change Introduction Scientific fact base The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report concludes that Climate change and

More information