5 Day Lesson Plan. Arduino, LED s, and Servos

Transcription

1 5 Day Lessn Plan Arduin, LED s, and Servs This Thinkabit Lab lessn plan is designed fr a teacher t use in their class as a week- lng activity using the same materials as used in the Qualcmm Thinkabit Lab. The lessn plan is structured fr a 50 minute class perid ver 5 days. Basic Overview: Day 1: Circuits and intr t LEDs Day 2: Prgram a blinking LED, make it blink faster Day 3: Intr t Servs Day 4: Rb crafting day Day 5: Final tuches and class presentatins Befre yu begin: Dwnlad Arduin n all f yur student cmputers. Yu may either have the students d this the week befre r d it n yur wn when there are n students in the rm. Make sure yu have all f the parts needed fr the week in each kit. Nte: if yu are using the Arduins in each class, make sure that yu have enugh Servs fr each class. (I.e. if yu have 5 classes f 36 students, yu will need 18 servs per class, fr a ttal f 90 servs.) Let students knw that n Thursday they will start t create and that they will need t bring in their wn materials. If pssible, yu may want t prvide basic supplies such as ppsicle sticks, duct tape, pipe cleaners, etc. Larger items, tys, even leaves r pieces frm nature can be brught in by the students fr their creatins. Day 1: Circuits and intr t LEDs Objective: Students will understand hw electricity flws thrugh a circuit and will be able t use that knwledge t light an LED using the Arduin. Materials: Large Qualcmm battery, 1 full water bttle*, 1 empty water bttle*, funnel*, Arduin kits (1 per pair), laptps (fr pwer nly), USB cables Prcedure: Activity: Human Circuit Descriptin: Have students hld hands in a circle with the Qualcmm battery being held between tw students. When students are all cnnected, the battery will make nise, when the chain is brken, the nise will stp. Have students take turns breaking the circuit and then recnnecting. Ntes: Let students have fun finding what will and will nt cmplete the circuit. They can tuch any part f the ther persn as lng as there is skin t skin cntact. Yu may als have students with braces try tuching the metal f the braces t see if it will carry the flw f electricity. Materials: Qualcmm Thinkabit Lab battery. Time: 5-10 minutes Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

2 Activity: Drawing Circuits Descriptin: Students will learn hw t draw a circuit. Start with a basic battery and LED (withut a resistr) befre mving n t a circuit with a resistr (which is what they will build). Ntes: Be sure t cnnect the circuit schematic t the circuit activity they just cmpleted (i.e. they must cmplete the circuit by drawing a full circle). Materials: Paper under dc cam r blank page f Prmethean Bard r Smart Bard. Time: 5 minutes Activity: Understanding Resistrs and their purpse Descriptin: This activity will help students understand the need fr a resistr when using a large pwer surce such as urs. Start ut with yur tw water bttles, and ask if the students think yu can pur the water frm ne bttle t the ther. Explain that if any f the water gets utside the bttle, then yu have failed (yu can make it dramatic!) Then pur the water frm ne t the ther in very clse prximity. Explain that this is what it s like when we use the right amunt f electricity, but ften we use mre electricity than we actually need t pwer the LED, this wuld be like puring the water frm 3 feet abve the empty bttle. Again, ask the students if they think it is pssible t get all f the water in the bttle withut spilling any. Demnstrate and really try t get it in the bttle, but yu wn t be able t frm that height. Then ask what tl might help t get mre f the water int the bttle. The crrect answer is a funnel. Then use the funnel (in the empty bttle) and pur again and this time mst f the water shuld get in the bttle. This is what a resistr des, it helps us cntrl the flw f electricity s that the LED desn t get t much pwer all at nce and burn ut. Ntes: Be slw and careful when puring the water t really try t make this pint. If yu are wrried abut spilling water in yur classrm set up twels r take yur class utside. Yu may als cnsider having a student hld the empty bttle s that it desn t accidentally tip ver during the demnstratin. Materials: 1 empty water bttle, 1 full water bttle, 1 funnel, twels (ptinal) Time: minutes Drawing Circuits Cnt d Descriptin: Students will draw the same circuit as befre, but this time they will add in a resistr between the psitive end f the battery and the psitive side f the LED. Ntes: Optinally yu can make them use pencil n their initial circuit and then they can erase the space where they will add the resistr. Materials: Same as abve. Time: 5 minutes Cnstructing a circuit Descriptin: Using their circuit schematic, students will cnstruct the circuit using the Arduin, breadbard, LED, resistr, and wires. Start by laying ut all f the parts and labeling each. It is imprtant at this pint that yu talk abut the plarity f the LED (shrt leg is negative, lng leg is psitive) and that resistrs d nt have plarity. Walk students slwly thrugh the cnstructin by fllwing the schematic. Clred pencils r markers may als help t shw what wires g where, but it usually is best t write ut exactly where the wires g. Once all f the wires are attached, have them fllw the flw f electricity t make sure it is a cmplete circuit befre cnnecting the Arduin t the cmputer with the USB cable. Ntes: Red wire: Vin t red rw Black wire: Gnd t black rw LED: shrt leg (negative) in black rw, lng leg (psitive) in blue rw Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

3 Resistr: Red rw t blue rw Yu will als need t explain that electricity flws thrugh a breadbard alng the rws, s all f the black rw is cnnected, same fr red and blue, but they are nt cnnected t each ther. Materials: Arduin, LED, red and black wires, resistr, USB Cable Time: 20 minutes Clean up: Have students discnnect the wires, LED and resistr and put everything away fr the next class. Day 2: Prgram a blinking LED, make it blink faster Objective: Students will use their knwledge learned yesterday f hw t pwer an LED and will add a prgramming cmpnent t make the LED s blink. They will then investigate at what time delay will they nt be able t see the LED blink anymre because it is blinking t fast fr their eyes t see. Materials: Arduin kits (1 per pair), laptps (with Arduin dwnladed), USB cables Prcedure: Revisiting circuits Descriptin: Have students take ut the materials used yesterday and their ntes and challenge them t cnstruct the circuit withut any help. Ntes: Nw wuld be a gd time t explain that the nly real purpse f the Arduin at this pint is t prvide pwer t the LED, but that it is nt sending any infrmatin. We will prgram it in the next step. Materials: Arduin, LED, red and black wires, resistr, USB Cable Time: 5-10 minutes Cding an LED t blink Descriptin: At this pint, students will use the Arduin prgram n their cmputers t cde the LED t blink. The first thing yu will want t d is be sure the Arduin is cnnected t the cmputer thrugh the USB cable. In rder t uplad cde t the Arduin yu will need t make sure it is cnnected t the right prt. T change this, have students g t Tls then dwn t Prt and then select the largest COM number. (Nte: if the cmputers stay with the same Arduins each day, they shuld nly have t g thrugh this prcess nce.) Have students pen the blink cde by ging t File dwn t examples then t Basics and select blink. Have them uplad the cde t their Arduin by clicking the arrw at the tp f the page (next t the check). At this pint, nthing shuld happen with their LEDs, but yu shuld make sure that everyne s cde actually upladed. At the bttm f the page n the blue bar it shuld say uplad cmplete and there shuld be n range writing in the black space belw. T make the LED Blink they will need t take the red wire that is in Vin and mve it t pin 13, n the ther side f the Arduin bard. At this pint, their LED s shuld be blinking, yu will want t walk the rm and make sure that everyne s is wrking. Ntes: If the LED is nt blinking, check all cnnectins first, many times they put the wire in the wrng hle. If the circuit is crrect, check t make sure that the cde was upladed prperly and if necessary try uplading the cde again. Materials: Same as previus Time: 5-10 minutes Defining the parts f the cde Descriptin: At this pint yu will want t g thrugh the cde that they upladed line by line and explain what is happening. Students shuld take ntes n this as yu g ver it. 3 parts t cding in Arduin Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

4 Part 1: defining variables In this cde we have nthing t define, s there is nthing here but cmments. Part 2: setup This is where we tell Arduin where things g and what they will be ding. pinmde(13, OUTPUT) tells the Arduin t use pin 13 as an utput. Part 3: lp This is the place in the cde where the actin happens. This part f the cde will repeat frever. digitalwrite(13, HIGH) tells the LED (in pin 13) t turn n by making the vltage level high. delay(1000) tells the Arduin t wait fr 1 secnd (1000 millisecnds) befre reading the next line f cde, s this mean the LED stays n. digitalwrite(13, LOW) tells the LED t turn ff by making the vltage level lw. delay(1000) tells the Arduin t wait fr 1 secnd (1000 millisecnds) befre reading the next line f cde, s this mean the LED stays ff. /* and // means yu are writing a cmment t humans. This des nt get sent t the Arduin, it is t help humans understand the cde. Ntes: Be sure that students understand what the delay is ding here, it will be crucial in tmrrw s lessn. Materials: Paper and pencil fr ntes. Time: 10 minutes Changing the delay until the blinking is n lnger visible Descriptin: Have students alter the cde by changing the delay value. They can change each ne t the same value r have them be different, this is their chance t explre. They will need t uplad their cde each time, they can t just change it n their cde and have it change autmatically. Once they have played fr a little while, stp them and tell them that all f the lights in the rm are blinking, but they blink t fast fr ur eyes t see. Challenge them t change the cde t find the largest delay value fr which the LED blinks s fast they cannt see it blink. They will need t make the delay value the same fr bth delays. The crrect value is arund 10 r 11, but have them try a few values t check. Ntes: Let students explre during this time and play with the LED s. This shuld be a fun activity and shuld get the kids playing and explring n their wn. Materials: Same as abve. Time: 10 minutes Optinal Activity if Time (10 15 minutes): SOS Cde Descriptin: SOS in Mrse cde is dt dt dt, dash dash dash, dt dt dt. Yu can demnstrate this with sund t help them get a better idea f what they need t cde. Essentially they want it t blink a lt, but the delay will be different. Suggest a 500 delay fr a dt, a 1000 delay fr a dash, a 500 delay between each dt and dash, a 3000 delay between each letter, and a 5000 delay after the SOS cde befre it repeats in the lp. It shuld lk like the cde belw: digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dt digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dt Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

5 digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dt //wait between letters delay(3000); digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dash digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dash digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dash //wait between letters delay(3000); digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dt digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dt digitalwrite(13, HIGH); //dt //wait befre repeating delay(5000); Ntes: This wuld be a gd place t teach students hw t cpy and paste t make their cde writing g much faster. Materials: Same as abve. Time: minutes Optinal Activity if Time (3-5 minutes): Fade Cde Descriptin: anther example yu can pen and uplad t yur Arduin is Fade. This will make yur LED fade n and ff rather than blink n and ff. Open the example cde by ging t File - > Examples - > 1. Basics - > Fade. Uplad the cde, then change yur red wire t pin 9. The light shuld nw fade n and ff. If they want t make the light fade slwer, they can change the delay at the very bttm f the cde. Ntes: This cde uses an if statement, smething that is rather cmplex, but als very helpful. A student culd use an if statement t d smething when smething else happens, which is what mst cding in the real wrld lks like. Materials: Same as abve. Time: 3-5 minutes Clean up: Have students discnnect the wires, LED and resistr and put everything away fr the next class. Day 3: Intr t Servs Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

6 Objective: Students will use their knwledge learned yesterday f hw t cde the Arduin and tday will learn hw t cde a Serv. They will then explre hw the cde cntrls the servs and explre the differences between the 2 types f servs. They will als revisit circuits as they wire their servs. Materials: Arduin kits (1 per pair), laptps (with Arduin dwnladed), USB cables Prcedure: Cding a Serv Descriptin: This will prbably the mst difficult sectin f the week fr students because there is a lt f typing and everything needs t be perfect in rder fr the cde t wrk. G slwly thrugh it and make sure yu have a way t cnnect yur cmputer t a screen in the rm s that they can fllw alng with yu and see exactly hw everything shuld be written. This time als needs t be quiet in the classrm s that everyne can fcus. Yu may want t cnsider sme way f checking n students prgress with writing the cde s that yu knw when t mve n. Part 1: Defining variables #include <Serv.h> Get this by ging t Sketch - > imprt library - > serv Serv myserv; This names ur serv myserv, but yu culd name it whatever yu want Part 2: Setup vid setup(){ myserv.attach(3); the Serv will be attached t pin 3 } Part 3: Actin We ll explain the actin when we plug in the servs vid lp(){ myserv.write(0); myserv.write(180); } Uplad the cde (remember yu may need t change the COM prt). If there are any errrs, have them self- assess and then jump in if necessary. Ntes: As students are cpying the cde, it is imprtant that everything is spelled crrectly and there are capitals where there are suppsed t be. The clred wrds are easy t tell if they are crrect because if they dn t change clrs it s incrrect. Als make sure that there are semiclns at the end f each line and a clsed bracket at the end f the setup and lp. Materials: laptps, Arduin, USB Cable Time: minutes Cnnecting the Serv and explring the mvement Descriptin: Nw that the Arduin is cded t perate the Serv, we will cnnect the wires s that the Serv can actually perate. Again, walk them slwly thrugh the cnnectins. We will start with the regular (small) Serv. The easiest cnnectins are t the Serv itself as it has red, white, and black wires that are pretty bvius t cnnect t. Frm there, the black wire again gets cnnected t GND, the red wire t Vin and then the white wire will be cnnected t pin 3 (as we cded it). Ask students t make bservatins abut the mtin f the Serv. Then have them discnnect the wires frm the regular Serv and plug in the full rtatin (large) Serv. Again have them make bservatins n the mtin f the Serv. Regular Serv: The value is the angle psitin f the Serv and the delay tells it t stay there fr that lng. Values can range frm 0 t 180. Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

7 Full Rtatin Serv: The value tells the speed and directin f the Serv. 0 makes the Serv spin quickly t the left. 180 makes the Serv spin quickly t the right. 90 wuld make this Serv stp. The delay tells the Serv hw lng t spin at that speed and directin. When wuld yu use each? Have an pen discussin with the students abut what pssible prjects wuld require each type f Serv. Ntes: Make sure that the students make use f their ntebks as yu talk abut hw the values f myserv.write affect the mvement f the Serv. This is als a gd place t talk abut the delay as many students think that it will spin and then stp and then spin the ther way, nt spin and then spin the ther way withut stpping. Materials: laptp, Arduin, USB Cable, red, white, and black wires, regular and full rtatin Servs Time: 15 minutes Optinal Activity if Time: Challenge Cde Descriptin: Write up challenge cdes n the bard and have students wrk with their partners t try t match the cde Ex: spin fast t the left fr 1 secnd, then slwly t the right fr 2 secnds, then slwly t the left fr 1 secnd, then fast t the right fr 2 secnds. Ntes: Sme may really struggle with this while thers will sail right thrugh. Again, cpy and paste can be really handy here, s explain that t them if necessary. Materials: Same as abve Time: minutes Prgramming the Arduin fr their prject Descriptin: Give partners time t discuss their prjects, peruse materials, and adjust their cde t fit their prject. Sme may be fine with the riginal cde and thers may want t add mre levels r just have a full rtatin Serv spin ne directin the entire time. When they have the final cde fr their prject they need t save the cde n their cmputer using their names s they can uplad it again tmrrw and Friday withut re- writing the entire cde. Ntes: Sme students may need extra help during this time t get their Serv t d exactly what they want it t d. If students are finished with their prgramming, have them design their prject n paper befre allwing them t start crafting tmrrw. Materials: Same as abve Time: 5-10 minutes Clean up: Have students discnnect the wires and put everything away fr the next class. Day 4: Rb crafting day Objective: Students will use the cde they wrte yesterday fr their Serv t cnstruct a prject that uses their Serv. Tday students are nly limited by their creativity and the supplies in the rm! Materials: Arduin kits (1 per pair), laptps (with Arduin dwnladed), USB cables, crafting supplies, ht glue guns and glue Prcedure: N instructin tday, this is a full day f crafting fr the students t wrk n their prjects and be creative. If they finish early, challenge them t add mre. If they ve added everything they want, have them write ut a descriptin f their prject fr the presentatins tmrrw. They will need t try their prject with the Serv spinning, s they will need t uplad THEIR cde t the Serv at the beginning f the day, but after that they nly need the cmputers t pwer the Arduin. Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016

8 Clean up tday will take a bit lnger than ther days, I wuld give at least 10 minutes t make sure the rm is clean. Students shuld have their prjects cmpleted by the end f the day t ensure they have enugh time t present tmrrw. Day 5: Final tuches and class presentatins Objective: Students will present their final prjects t the class, explaining what they have created and what is spinning and hw they gt it t d that mtin. Materials: Prjects created yesterday, Arduin, laptp, USB cable Prcedure: Give students time t finalize their prjects and uplad the crrect cde t their Arduin. When everyne is ready, have each pair g in frnt f the rm and give a 2 minute descriptin and demnstratin f their prject. Yu may want t film them r allw them t film each ther s that they have a take- away since they will nt get t take their prjects hme. Clean up: They will need t discnnect the Arduin and the wires and return them t the kit fr the next class. Optinal prject clean up: Yu will need t get the Serv ff f their prject, s yu can either have them take it apart r yu can d it yurself after they leave. Yu can als recycle sme f the craft items, r yu can let them take the craft part hme withut the Serv if they want t keep it (and if yu dn t mind giving up the supplies). Authred By: Vanessa Myers 1/21/2016