Marine floods prevention

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1 Marine floods prevention Marc Jacquet Department of Natural and Hydraulic hazards (MEDDE/DGPR/SRNH) 27 novembre 2014 Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy

2 Marine floods prevention : part of National Strategy on the Management of Flood Risks 34 TRI (Very Exposed Areas) Marine Floods Distinction between rapid and long-term dynamics Marine floods: rapid event, foreseeable at short term Erosion: slow evolution, foreseeable at short and long term 2

3 The 7 pillars of risk prevention Knowledge of the phenomena and of the risks (preliminary evaluation of flood risks, flood risk mapping, areas covered by levee protection...) Information and awarness of the risks (departemental major risk file, information notes to local authorities, communal information file, home-buyers or renters information obligation, flood marks,géorisques website,...) Taking account of risks in spatial planning (priority given to management plans for floods, major natural risks or coastal hazards; communal plans; 'Atelier Xynthia'; call for relocation projects...) Monitoring and vigilance of hazards (Vigilance Vague-submersion, Vigicrue, Apocs, CENALT...) Vulnerability mitigation and hydraulic alteration works (International architect prize, GEMAPI, decree on levees, national label, network operators...) Crisis management (safeguard communal plans, departmental assigned superviser, exercices, individual safeguarding plans, emergency help waiting kit...) Experience feedback (systematic feedback after disasters, historical bibliography...) 3

4 In the future, a national strategy for sea and coastline Marine floods and Erosion : shared targets and shared means Study and manage the hydro-sedimentary system, which is also solidarity scale Limit artificialisation of coastline, by densification of urban areas where there are not natural hazards : Distinction between short, middle and long term actions Finance coastline investments under conditions : multicriteria analysis based on well balanced scales of time and of space Relocation of threatened inhabitants and activities. Create or restore natural areas and use them like buffers front of natural hazards (deletion of polders) Flexible management of the coastline 4

5 The National Flood Plan: ahead of the national risk management strategy What we learned from the last disasters : - Xynthia storm : vulnerable coast - Floods in the Var (june 2010) urge to address people's safety room for improvement on flash floods Interdepartemental plan 4 areas of work and 80 provisions Urban development Forecasting, early-warining, crisis management Protection infrastructure Awareness of the risks linked to the call for projects PAPI (strategy, risk basin, cost-benefit analysis, ) meant for urgent action ( ), endowed with a budget of 500 M State aid 5

6 Urban development control Conformity with PGRI (Flood risk management plan) Town spatial planning documents (zoning schemes), authorizations concerning the water ressource and management plans for floods must be (made) compatible The management plans for natural hazards : regulate land use according to the exposition to natural hazards; incorporate several levels of regulation, from total ban on building to permission under certain conditions. Consideration of risks in spatial planning (Atelier Xynthia, Call for projects on coastal zoning schemes, Call for relocation projects...) 6

7 Coastal hazards management plans (PPRL) controlling urban development while considering the issues All hazards affecting the coast are taken into account (erosion, marine floods, overflowing of water streams) Principle of building constraints in areas protected by levees : only already urbanised areas (densification) or strategic interest areas 303 PPRL plans: 273 prescribed among which 59 adopted. New PPRL guide : Consideration of climate change for a sustainable coastal development : 2 levels of hazards, current and 2100, based on the works of the ONERC (National Observatory on the Effects of Climate change) Better comprehension of levee behaviour Risks of the coast line recession. 7

8 Integration of climate change in Coastal hazards management plans (PPRL) The current reference flood level takes an added + 20cm into account The flood level 2100 affects: the technical requirements for new buildings the non-building status of open areas not exposed to floods according to the current reference level but highly exposed according to the 2100 hazard level. No currently urbanised area to be rendered unbuildable and no new requirements to be imposed on existing buildings based on the 2100 hazard level (this is determined based on the current reference level) 8

9 Vigilance «vagues-submersion»: the map Aim: Pre-empting the conjunction of several events likely to cause marine floods: high tide, storm surges and waves. Source : Météo-France Carried out by Meteo France since 2011 Scale : shoreline per departement Legend of the 'Vigilance'-map: no green areas yellow, orange or red colored lines orange and red pictograms 9

Tsunami warning centre (CENALT) Expert and analysis centre for tsunamis in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, implemented since july 2012 24h hour monitoring, early warning within 15 minutes The opening

10 Tsunami warning centre (CENALT) Expert and analysis centre for tsunamis in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, implemented since july h hour monitoring, early warning within 15 minutes The opening of CENALT contributed to the renovation of the tide gauge network (a single one was functioning in 2007): 44 working tide gauges (8 overseas) for the 'RONIM'-network operated by the SHOM (national hydro-oceanographic department), that may detect storm floods in real time. 4 seismographs made available by the researc-institute CNRS-INSU The downstream warning system still needs to be improved 10

11 Local programming tool: the PAPI PAPI: Action program for flood prevention Contracting tool between the State and local authorities. Apply a global policy for a risk basin : Improve knowledge of phenomena and risk culture Monitoring and forecasting of hazards Crisis management Taking account of risks in spatial planning Vulnerability mitigation Slow down flows works Levees management 11

12 Local programming tool: the PAPI First round launched in 2002 (48 projects) and second round in 2010 (75 at this point) Contribution of multicriteria and cost-benefits analysis tools. Study costs Investment costs Operation & Maintenance costs Direct damages 29 projects deal with marine flood protection for a total 270 M and 238 km levee. Indirect damages 12

13 Progress on labellisation Projects striving for PSR or PAPI labellisation with a budget of 3M or higher are assessed by the 'Flood Joint Committee' (CMI) 95 PAPI or PSR projects labellised by the CMI or another local institution; total M, of which 440 M State aid 115 PSR projects; 402 km and 324 M 13

14 PAPI for coastline Project based on a diagnostic of every natural phenomena (erosion, accretion, marine flood...). Studies in progress for an area which is : Determined by flood risk basin and hydrosedimentary system, and not by administrative frontiers. Large enough to the mainland for an efficient spatial planning reflexion : hinterland issues are not disconnected from coastline management. 14

15 Next: meeting the challenges of flood risk management Setting priorities in the financing Mapping out financial sources and priority criteria Agriculture Dialogue on the contribution of agricultural land and compensation Vulnerability framework Setting up a functional vulnerability framework and scoping pilots Initial state State of play of flood risk management Awarebess and land resilience Public information, trainings for officials... Simulation days, safeguard plans, information and early warning systems Management of the plan until 2016 Monitoring of running projects 15

16 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy

Resolution XII.13. Wetlands and disaster risk reduction

Resolution XII.13. Wetlands and disaster risk reduction 12 th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971) Punta del Este, Uruguay, 1-9 June 2015 Resolution XII.13 Wetlands and disaster risk reduction 1. RECALLING