JONAH The Love of God for all Nations Prophetical Books

Transcription

1 JONAH The Love of God for all Nations Prophetical Books An Introduction to the OT Arturo Pérez

2 Contents of JONAH Historical & Geographical Context Introduction to JONAH Name, Author, and Date Main Subject Outlook and summary Lessons to learn

3 5. JORAM OBADIAH ( ) JOEL ( ) 8. JOASH JONAH ( ) 721- North Fall 588- South Fall NAHUM (650 B.C.) ZEPHANIAH ( ) Habakkuk ( ) HAGGAI (520 B.C.) ZECHARIAH (518 B.C.) BC AMOS JEREMIAH MALACHI ( ) 13.JEROBOAM 2 ( ) HOSEA ISAIAH B.C. MICAH B.C. EZEKIEL DANIEL Captivity 70 Years

4 Historical & Geographical Context During the kingdom of Jeroboam II ( B.C.) According to 2 Kings 14:25 Jonah predicted the victories of Jeroboam II ( B.C.), which, for a patriot man such as Jonah that would be glad to proclaim. The commercial success of Jeroboam II brought wealth and prosperity to Israel, to which Amos and Hosea refer in their books. Jon.1:1-3. The biographical account is developed between a frustrated trip from Joppa to Tarshish, and Jonah s arrival to the nearest coast of Nineveh (1 month?)

5 Name, author and date of book The name of this book comes from its main character, the prophet Jonah. The book won t say specifically that Jonah wrote this account, but it is reasonable to think that it was written by Jonah at the end of his career, having a retrospective look back to this crucial point of his ministry. Moses wrote in 3 rd person, too. The name Jonah (Heb. Yonah) means dove. Jonah was a native of Gath-hepher (2King.14:25) from the tribe of Zebulun (Jos.19:13), in Israel (North kingdom). Jonah s home was in Galilee (please notice the ignorance of the Pharisees when they assumed that there was no prophet in Galilee John 7:52). DATE: 2Re.14:25 Jonah prophesized during the kingdom of Jeroboam II This books could have been written after these events around ( ) maybe after this prophet learned through the work of God in him.

6 Main Subject of JONAH Repentance in Nineveh under the reluctant preaching of Jonah. Key texts: 1:1-2; 3:1-3; 3:10 Key words: The Lord appointed or prepared for Jonah: (a great fish, 1:17; a plant, 4:6; a worm, 4:7; a vehement east wind, 4:8) Nineveh 9 times Jonah 16 times

7 Importance of the book of Jonah It shows the love of God to the Gentiles as His love for the people of Israel. God chose His people out of all nations. It shows the purpose of God to reach out unbelievers using His people as an instrument for salvation. In that moment, Israel; at this moment, the Church, the true Israel of God. It shows how God works with His children s character. The typology of Jonah with the death and resurrection of Christ (Mat.12:39-41)

8 Outline of JONAH I. Jonah s First Call; his escape and judgment. (Chap. 1) II. Jonah s prayer and his liberation (Chap. 2) III. Jonah s Second Call and Nineveh s repentance (Chap. 3) IV. Jonah s anger and God s mercy (Chap. 4).

9 Lessons to learn in JONAH 1. We learn about the infinite mercy of God to all kind of sinners. 2. We learn that we can t hide from the presence of God (Psal. 139:5-12). Jonah thought that fleeing to Tarshish (about 2,200 miles away from Israel), he coud flee from the presence of the Lord, however he found God in the bottom of the sea, in the belly of the fish (Jon.2:5-9). 3. We learn that God works with His servants to shape their characters to be like their Master s character. Omnipresence; attitude to preach; the mercy of God; the testimony of Jonah writing the book.

10 Appendix

11 NINEVEH TARSHISH JOPPA

12 NINEVEH Gath-hepher ZEBULUN JOPPA

13 Current Division of the Old Testament The Pentateuch 1. Genesis 2. Exodus 3. Leviticus 4. Numbers 5. Deuteronomy Historical 6. Joshua 7. Judges 8. Ruth 9. Samuel (1&2) 11. Kings (1&2). 13. Chronicles (1&2) 15. Ezra 16. Nehemiah 17. Esther Poetical 18. Job 19. Psalms 20. Proverbs 21. Ecclesiastes 22. Songs Greater Prophets 23. Isaiah 24. Jeremiah 25. Lamentations 26. Ezekiel 27. Daniel Minor Prophets 28. Hosea 29. Joel 30. Amos 31. Obadiah 32. Jonah 33. Micah 34. Nahum 35. Habakkuk 36. Zephaniah 37. Haggai 38. Zachariah 39. Malachi

14 ZEBULUN EPHRAIM JUDAH

15 1-Kings 2-Kings Name of the King Date B.C. Bible Text 1 Jeroboam = 22 1K.12:20 2 Nadab = 2 1K.14:20 3 Baasha = 24 1K.15:16 4 Elah = 2 1K.16:6 5 Zimri (7 days) = 0 1K.16:15 6 Tibni / Omri = 12 1K.16:15b, Ahab = 22 1K.16:28 8 Ahaziah (viceroy 898) = 2 1K.22:40 9 Jehoram (Joram) = 12 2K.1:17 10 Jehu = 28 2K.9:14 11 Jehoahaz = 17 2K.10:35 12 Jehoash (Joash) = 16 2Ki.12:1 13 Jeroboam II (viceroy 836) = 41 2Ki.13:13;14:23 No King (Interregnum) = Zechariah (6 months) = 22 2Ki.14:29; 15:8 15 Shallum (1 month) = 0 2Ki.15:13 16 Menahem = 11 2Ki.15:14 17 Pekahiah = 2 2Ki.15:22 18 Pekah = 22 2Ki.15:25-27 No King (Interregnum) = 9 19 Hoshea = 9 2Ki.15:30 Israel Northern Kingdom BC

16 1 Kings 2 Kings Name of King (South) Aprox. Date Good or Evil? Rehoboam = 17 E 2Chr.10:14-15; 12:1 Abijah = 3 G 2Chr.13:1-22 Asa = 41 G 1K.15:11 Jehoshaphat = 25 G 1K.22:43; 2Chr.17:3 Joram = 4 E 2K.8:16b-18 Ahaziah = 1 E 2K.8:26-27 Athaliah = 6 E 2K.11 Joash = 40 G 2K.12:2 Amaziah = 29 G 2K.14:3 Uzziah = 52 G 2K.15:1-3; 15:34b Jotham = 16 G 2K.15:34 Ahaz = 16 E 2K.16:2 Hezekiah = 29 G 2K.18:3 Manasseh = 55 E 2K.21:3 Amon = 2 E 2K.21:8 Josiah = 31 G 2K.22:2 Jehoahaz (3 months) 610 (3 months) E - 2K.23:32 Jehoiakim = 10 E - 2K.23:34-37 Jehoiachin (3 months) 599 (3 months) E - 2K.24:8-9 Zedekiah = 11 E 2K.24:17-19 JUDAH Southern Kingdom BC