1. Use BLUE to color and label the following bodies of water: Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea

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2 1. Use BLUE to color and label the following bodies of water: Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea 2. Use a BLACK dot to mark and label the following cities/landmarks: Troy, Athens, Mt. Olympus, and Sparta. When writing these cities names, capitalize the first letter, then use all lower case letters. 3. Use ORANGE to shade Crete, then label it with all capital letters in BLACK. 4. Use YELLOW to shade Peloponnesus, then label it with all capital letters in BLACK. 5. Use PURPLE to lightly shade Greece, then label it with all capital letters in BLACK. 6. Use BLACK to label the following countries/continents/geographical features: Asia, Persia, and the Balkan Peninsula. Capitalize all letters. 7. On which continent is Greece located? 8. Greece is on a peninsula; it is very mountainous. What implications do you think these factors would have had on the Ancient Greeks?

3 The Geography of Greece Peninsula Very mountainous What sea is south of Greece? East? West? On what continent is ancient Greece? In what direction would you travel to get from ancient Greece to Egypt? Which city is farther north -- Athens or Sparta?

4 The Geography of Greece You are going to analyze two maps of ancient Greece. You will use the maps to make predictions about where ancient Greeks settled and how they lived. You will then read to discover if your predictions were correct.

5 The Physical Geography of Greece This first map is a physical map, but it also shows you information about climate (temperature and precipitation) and vegetation (plants). There is also an elevation key on the map.

6 1. What type of information does this map show? 2. What physical features do you see on the map? What is the elevation in most parts of Greece? 3. How would you describe the climate and vegetation of the mountain regions? Of the costal regions? 4. Where are most people likely to settle? Why? 5. What challenges would physical geography likely create for settlers? How might people deal with these challenges?

7 Check your predictions Read Sections 25.2 and 25.3 (pages ) to check your predictions. Answer the questions below based on the reading. 6. Check you prediction on #4 by looking at the map on page 272. Where did the ancient Greeks mostly settle? 7. Check you prediction on #5 by reading page 272. Why were ancient Greek communities isolated from each other? 8. List 3 (or more) reasons why travel was challenging in ancient Greece. 9. List the challenges that Greek farmers faced, as well as how they met/faced those challenges. 10. Why did some Greek settlements fight each other?

8 6. Check you prediction on #4 by looking at the map on page 272. Where did the ancient Greeks mostly settle? on the coast, near the seas

9 7. Why were ancient Greek communities isolated from each other? Because of the mountains, travel and communication was difficult.

10 8. List 3 (or more) reasons why travel was challenging in ancient Greece. roads were not paved. Sharp rocks and mud made it difficult for carts. when traveling, people had to bring their own water and supplies. If traveling by ship/sea, sudden storms could throw you off course, or sink your ship.

11 9. List the challenges that Greek farmers faced, as well as how they met/faced those challenges. Challenges mountainous land, rocky land, scarce water = no major rivers in Greece, rain was mainly in the winter months How Farmers Faced Them built wide earth steps into the hills to farm, grew grapes and olives (require less land), planted hillside orchards of fruits and nuts, grew sheep and goats because they can graze on the sides of mountains

12 10. Why did some Greek settlements fight each other? shortage of good land!

13 What challenges did geography create for settlement in Greece, and how did people deal with those challenges?

14 11. What information does this map show you? 12. Where were most ancient Greek settlements located before 800 BCE? After 800 BCE? 13. Why do you think Greeks settled outside of mainland Greece? 14. What places traded with ancient Greece? 15. Why might ancient Greece have needed to trade with these places? 16. What relationship might exist between the trade routes and the colonies?

15 Check your predictions Read Sections 25.4 and 25.5 (pages ) to check your predictions. Answer the questions below based on the reading. 17. Why did the ancient Greeks start colonies? 18. Describe the actions that the ancient Greeks were likely to take when starting a new colony. 19. When did the Greeks establish colonies? Where were the colonies located? 20.Why did some ancient Greek settlements trade? 21. What goods from the Greek mainland were traded? What goods did the Greeks get in exchange? 22. Identify 2 or more challenges merchant ships faced.

16 17. Why did the ancient Greeks start colonies? to get the items they needed

17 18. Describe the actions that the ancient Greeks were likely to take when starting a new colony. 1. consulted an ORACLE to see if their efforts would be successful 2. gathered food and supplies 3. took flame from the town s sacred fire 4. began their voyage 5. found a safe place with good farmland and natural harbors 6. established the colony

18 19. When did the Greeks establish colonies? Where were the colonies located? from BCE (over 300 years) Asia Minor (Turkey), Spain, France, Italy, Africa, coast of the Black Sea 20.Why did some ancient Greek settlements trade? to get the items that were needed

19 21. What goods from the Greek mainland were traded? What goods did the Greeks get in exchange? Exported: olive oil, pottery Imported: grain, timber, metal 22. Identify 2 or more challenges merchant ships faced. Ships weren t built for speed (built to carry a lot), so trips were long. No compasses, charts,

20 Why did the ancient Greeks establish colonies and trade?

21 The Geography of Greece What adjectives would you use to describe the physical geography of Greece? How did geography influence settlement in ancient Greece? How did geography influence the way of life in ancient Greece?