Determining the Sample Size: One Sample
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1 Sample Sie Laboratory Determining the Sample Sie: One Sample OVERVIEW In this lab, you will be determining the sample sie for population means and population proportions. This lab is intended to help you understand the importance of determining appropriate sample sies in order to accurately estimate average population scores. OBJECTIVES By the end of the laboratory, you will be able to: Determine sample sie for ( 1 ) 100% mean. Determine sample sies for ( 1 ) 100% Confidence Intervals for the population Confidence Intervals for population proportion. Determine when to use the formula for means and when to use the formula for proportions. EQUIPMENT Scientific calculator Standard Normal (Z) Table BACKGROUND MATERIAL Statistical Terms and Topics Sample Sie (n) Chosen significance level ( ) Population mean ( µ ) Population and sample variance ( σ and s, respectively) Population and sample standard deviation (σ and s, respectively) Population proportion of success (p) Population proportion of failure (q: q=1-p) Z-value from table Confidence interval Bound, B : margin of error 000. Rowell, Brummett, Pennings, Petersen
2 Sample sie formulas Determining Sample Sie for (1-)100% 100% CI for the Population Mean To estimate the population mean, µ, within a bound (B) with ( 1 ) 100% confidence, the required sample sie is found by solving the following formula for n: σ = B. n FORMULA FOR SAMPLE SIZE (MEANS) n = σ B Determining Sample Sie for (1-)100% CI for Population Proportion To estimate a binomial probability, p, within a bound, B, within ( 1 ) 100% confidence, solving the following equation for n is required: pq = B n FORMULA FOR SAMPLE SIZE (PROPORTIONS) n = B ( pq) 000. Rowell, Brummett, Pennings, Petersen
3 Scenario for 100 (1-alpha)% CI for Population Means Suppose you wish to estimate a population mean on a perfectionism scale to within a bound B =.15 using a 95% CI. You know from a prior sample of data that the standard deviation of scores is approximately equal to 7.4. How many subjects would have to be in this sample in order to estimate the average population score on the perfectionism scale? The step-by-step Instructions below will help you answer this question.! Exercise INSTRUCTIONS 1. Identify the type of problem and the formula that will need to be used. Type of problem (mean or proportion):. Identify the values needed for the formula based on the scenario. = σ = B = 3. Enter values into formula and evaluate: 000. Rowell, Brummett, Pennings, Petersen
4 Answer: Hint: Don t forget to round to the nearest whole number since the sample sie is in whole units, for example people. 4. Write the conclusion in terms of the problem: Scenario for 100 (1-alpha)% CI for Population Proportions Suppose you want to estimate the population proportion of all college students who exhibit clinically high levels of anxiety to with a bound B =. In a previous application of the Generalied Anxiety Scale 90% of the college students exhibited high levels of anxiety. You know the standard deviation of scores on the Generalied Anxiety Scale is approximately equal to 8.5. What sample sie is needed to produce the desired accuracy at this estimate? Note: If the confidence level is not given, then the confidence level is assumed to be 95%.! Exercise INSTRUCTIONS 1. Identify the type of problem and the formula that will need to be used. Type of problem (mean or proportion):. Identify the values needed for the formula based on the second scenario. = p = q = 000. Rowell, Brummett, Pennings, Petersen
5 B = 3. Enter values into formula and evaluate: Answer: Hint: Don t forget to round to the nearest whole number since the sample sie is in whole units, for example people. 4. Write a conclusion in terms of the problem Rowell, Brummett, Pennings, Petersen
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