Taxonomy and distribution of Psallus. stat. nov. (Heteroptera, Miridae) Christian RIEGER 1 & Wolfgang RABITSCH 2

Transcription

1 Christian RIEGER 1 & Wolfgang RABITSCH 2 1 Nürtingen, Germany 2 Dept. Evolutionary Biology, University Vienna, Wien, Austria Taxonomy and distribution of Psallus betuleti (Fallén) and P. montanus Josifov stat. nov. (Heteroptera, Miridae) Rieger, C. & W. Rabitsch, Taxonomy and distribution of Psallus betuleti (Fallén) and P. montanus Josifov stat. nov. (Heteroptera, Miridae). Ti dschrift Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 149: , figs [issn ]. Published 1 December The subspecies Psallus betuleti montanus Josifov, 1973 is raised to species rank (Psallus montanus Josifov, 1973 stat. n.). Psallus montanus is distributed in eastern North America and Europe. Psallus betuleti apparently is a Holarctic species occurring across northern North America, northern western Europe and eastern Siberia. Coloration, male vesica and sclerotized rings in the bursa copulatrix of females provide discriminating characters, which are illustrated. Dr. Christian Rieger, Lenbachstraße 11, D Nürtingen, Germany. ChrsRgr@aol.com Dr. Wolfgang Rabitsch, Dept. Evolutionary Biology, University Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria. wolfgang.rabitsch@univie.ac.at Key-words. Heteroptera; Miridae; Psallus betuleti; Psallus montanus; 0.25 mm Fig. 1. Apex of male vesica. Left: Psallus betuleti (Finland), right: Psallus montanus (Germany). Psallus betuleti was described by Fallén (1826: 15) from Sweden (Province Skåne, Gyllebo). According to Kerzhner & Josifov (1999: 401), no type material is present in the Museum of Zoology at the University of Lund (Sweden), where most of Fallén s types are housed. However, it is possible that syntypes may be deposited in other collections. Psallus betuleti montanus Josifov, 1973 was described from material from Bulgaria (Mt Vitosha) and considered endemic to the Bulgarian mountains (Josifov 1973, Heiss & Josifov 1990). Bacchi & Rizzotti Vlach (1994) reported this subspecies from Italy (Venetia, Lombardy) and Austria (North Tyrol). While preparing a critical check-list of Austrian Heteroptera, specimens identified as Psallus betuleti in Austria were found to be P. b. montanus (Rabitsch 2004, 2005). In the world mirid catalogue, Schuh (1995) listed P. montanus Josifov in the index, but not in the text. This was corrected by Kerzhner & Schuh (2001). Wyniger (2004) also did not include Psallus betuleti montanus in her taxonomic study of Central European Psallus. Her high-quality illustrations of the male vesica for most species clearly show that she correctly recognized P. b. betuleti. 161

2 T JD C V E M E, V UME 149, mm Fig. 2. Sclerotized rings of female bursa copulatrix. Above: Psallus betuleti (Schopfloch, Germany), below: Psallus montanus (Kohlberg, Germany). Literature data Psallus betuleti (Fallén, 1826): The Netherlands and Belgium (Aukema in litt.), Switzerland (Wyniger 2004). Psallus montanus Josifov, 1973 stat. n.: Austria (Bacchi & Rizzotti Vlach 1994, Rabitsch 2004), Bulgaria (Josifov 1973), Germany (Rabitsch 2004), Italy (Bacchi & Rizzotti Vlach 1994), The Netherlands and Belgium (Aukema in litt.). Material examined The list of specimens studied (including exact localities) is given in the appendix. Taxonomy The male vesica of Psallus betuleti and P. montanus is diagnostic (fig. 1). The apex of the vesica is elongate in P. betuleti but shorter and basally enlarged in P. montanus. The apical sclerite marginally serrate and of almost quadrate shape in P. montanus but more rectangular and less serrate in P. betuleti. The sclerotized rings of the bursa copulatrix in females also discriminate both taxa. In P. montanus these appear more elongate, whereas in P. betuleti they are more quadrangular (fig. 2). Further, coloration of males and females differs in both taxa (fig. 3). Males of P. betuleti appear almost completely black, whereas males of P. montanus are almost black to brown. Pilosity of the fore wings is sparse in P. betuleti and dense in P. montanus. The cuneus of P. montanus in both sexes is paler than the corium, whereas the cuneus of P. betuleti appears more or less unicolorous with the corium. Females of P. betuleti are black, whereas females of P. montanus are pale to dark red. The eyes of P. montanus are larger (width of the eye: interocular distance 1:1.2 in P. montanus and 1: in P. betuleti). Both taxa show constant and distinct differences in male and female genitalia. Therefore they should be treated as separate species. Distribution Psallus betuleti is considered naturally Holarctic, with the North American populations distributed north of 55 N (Maw et al. 2000). All specimens in eastern North America mentioned by Henry & Wheeler (1979, 1988), Wheeler & Henry (1992), Schwartz & Kelton (1990) belong to P. montanus (Schwartz in litt.). Psallus montanus is considered a palaearctic species, probably introduced to eastern North America for at least 50 years. There is a wide overlap of the known distribution of both taxa in central Europe. In some localities, the taxa co-occur. In central Europe, however, P. montanus apparently is more common than P. betuleti. In the eastern Palaearctic Region, Psallus betuleti occurs to the far east of Siberia, whereas P. montanus only is known to the Kaukasus region. More material needs to be checked to more carefully elucidate the distribution of these closely related species. Abbreviations of depositories cnc Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada klm Kärntner Landesmuseum, Klagenfurt, Austria nhmw Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria nölm Niederösterreichisches Landesmuseum, St. Pölten, Austria olml Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria smns Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany zmas Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia zsmc Zoologische Staatssammlung, München, Germany Acknowledgements We thank B. Aukema (Wageningen), W. Gruschwitz (Staßfurt), R. Heckmann (Konstanz), T.J. Henry (Washington, DC), I.M. Kerzhner (St. Petersburg), P. Kment and J. Bryja (Praha), 162

3 Rieger & Rabitsch: Psallus montanus Fig. 3. Above: Psallus betuleti (Schopfloch, Germany), below: Psallus montanus (Nürtingen, Germany). Males left, females right. 163

4 T JD C V E M E, V UME 149, 2006 K. Liebenow (Brandenburg a.d. Havel), M. Meier (Dottingen), M.D. Schwartz (Ottawa) and H. Zettel (Vienna) for providing material and T.J. Henry, M.D. Schwartz and A.G. Wheeler Jr. (Clemson, SC) for comments on the manuscript and linguistic corrections. References Bacchi, I. & M. Rizzotti Vlach, Quattro specie del genere Psallus Fieber, 1858 (nuove per la fauna italiana (Heteroptera: Miridae). Atti XVII Congresso nazionale italiano di Entomologia, Udine, giugno 1994: Fallén, C.F., Supplementum Cimicidum Sueciae, Berling, Lund. Heiss, E. & M. Josifov, Vergleichende Untersuchung über Artenspektrum, Zoogeographie und Ökologie der Heteropteren-Fauna in Hochgebirgen Österreichs und Bulgariens. Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Verein Innsbruck 77: Henry, T.J. & A.G. Wheeler Jr., Palearctic Miridae in North America: Records of newly discovered and little-known species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 81: Henry, T.J. & A.G. Wheeler Jr., Family Miridae Hahn, 1833 (= Capsidae Burmeister, 1835) The Plant Bugs. In: T.J. Henry & R.C. Froeschner (eds) Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs, of Canada and the continental United States. Brill, Leiden: Josifov, M., Beitrag zur Taxonomie der Gattung Psallus Fieb., 1858 (Hemiptera, Heteropera, Miridae). Reichenbachia 14: Kerzhner, I.M. & M. Josifov, Cimicomorpha II. Miridae. In: B. Aukema & C. Rieger (eds), Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam. 577 pp. Kerzhner, I.M. & R.T. Schuh, Corrections to the catalog Plant Bugs of the World by Randall T. Schuh (Heteroptera: Miridae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 109: Maw, H.E.L., R.G. Foottit, K.G.A. Hamilton & G.G.E. Scudder, Checklist of the Hemiptera of Canada and Alaska. NRC Research Press, Ottawa. 220 pp. Rabitsch, W., Annotations to a check-list of the Heteroptera of Austria. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 105B: Rabitsch, W., Heteroptera (Insecta). In: R. Schuster, (Hrsg.), Checklisten der Fauna Österreichs 2: Schwartz, M.D. & L.A. Kelton, Psallus salicicola, a new species, with additional records of recently discovered Palearctic Psallus Fieber from Canada (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Canadian Entomologist 122: Schuh, R.T., Plant bugs of the World (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae). Systematic catalogue, distributions, host Lists, and bibliography. New York Entomological Society, New York, 1329 pp. Wheeler, A.G. & T.J. Henry, A Synthesis of the Holarctic Miridae (Heteroptera): Distribution, biology, and origin, with emphasis on North America. Thomas Say Foundation Monograph 15, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD. 282 pp. Wyniger, D., Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Central European bug genus Psallus (Hemiptera, Miridae) and faunistics of the terrestrial Heteroptera of Basel and surroundings (Hemiptera). Dissertation University Basel. 285 pp. Received: 20 March 2006 Accepted: 14 June

5 Rieger & Rabitsch: Psallus montanus Appendix: Material Examined (coll. Rieger or coll. Rabitsch if not mentioned otherwise) Psallus betuleti (Fallén, 1826) Germany: Baden-Württemberg: Bad Buchau, Federseeried (48.04 N 9.36 E) , leg. Schmalfuß; Hinterzarten, Hochmoor (47.54 N 8.06 E) , (Betula), leg. Heckmann; Konradsbronn, Konradsbronner Bach, ( N E) , (at light), leg. Meier; Nürtingen, Im Rieth (48.37 N 9.21 E) ; ; ; , (at light); Nürtingen, Tiefenbachtal (48.35 N 9.24/25 E) , (Betula) Schopfloch, Torfgrube (48.33 N 9.31 E) v.2005, common on Betula with Psallus montanus; Hessen: Laubach (50.32 N 8.58 E) (Alnus glutinosa). Austria: Lower Austria: Rekawinkel, Am Rittsteig (48.11 N E) (on Betula with P. montanus). Czech Republic: Bohemia: Soběšice near Kašperské Hory, , leg. Vilimova (coll. Bry a). Bryja). Finland: Lansi-Suomen Laani: Ekenas, Gullo, N E, 14 m, , Hakan Lindberg (cnc); Finnl. Pallastunturi (68.02 N E) VI 1989, leg. Handke. Russia: Leningrad Prov., former Yamburg Distr., Seryozhino, 17.vi.1895, 5.vi.1896, leg. Bianchi; Leningrad Prov., Anninskoe, 19.vii.1930 leg. E.G. Rodd; Moscow Prov., Mozhaisk Distr., Porechye, (55.42 N E), 9.vi.1903 leg. Bianchi; Murmansk Prov., Khibin Mts, basin of Vudyavr Lake, 19.vii.1930, leg. Fridolin; Nenets Autonomous Distr. (??or Komi Rep.), River Adzva opposite to Niedzyol, 6.viii.1904, leg. Zhuravskiy; Komi Rep., Khalmer-Yu, bush tundra (67.57 N E), 21.vii.96, leg. Gorodkov; Sverdlovsk Prov., Uktus nr Ekaterinburg (56.47 N E), 18.vi.1910, leg. Jacobson; Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Distr., between the Urals and lake Varcha-ty, 28.viii.1925, leg. Fridolin; Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Distr., Labytnangi (66.39 N E), 2.viii.1961, leg. Gorodkov; Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Distr., Obdorsk [= Salekhard], river Shaitanovka, 26.vii.1928, leg. Samko; Kemerovo Prov., confluence of Magaza and Balyksa, upper reaches of Tom, 18.vi.1908, leg. Khvorov; Chita Prov., lake Ivan, 45 km NW of Chita (ca N E), , leg. Vinogradov; Buryatia, lake Tagley, 15 km from river Temnik, , leg. Mikhno; Kamchatka, 8 km S of Kozyrevsk (ca N E), 16.vii.1985, leg. Kuznetsova; NE Yakutia, Pokhodsk, 45 km N of Cherskiy (68.46 N E), 18.vii.1973, leg. Vinokurov; (all coll. zmas). Mongolia: Mongolia, river Kerulen, opposite to mouth of Tene, 27.vii.97, leg. Klementz (coll. zmas). USA: Alaska: Nebesna , leg. R. Sailer (see Henry & Wheeler 1979, presenting the first Nearctic record). Nome Co.: Unalakleet, N W, , R. Madge (cnc). North Slope Co.: Umiat, N W, 84 m, , R. Madge, Betula nana L. (Betulaceae) (cnc). South Fairbanks Co.: Chicken, N W, , L.A. Kelton, Betula glandulosa Michx. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Canada: British Columbia: Chilkat Pass, N W, 1219 m, , Mason and Hughes, Betula nana L. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Toad River Lodge, mi 442 Alaska Highway, N W, 711 m, , R.E. Leech (cnc). Northwest Territories: 20 mi E of Tuktoyaktuk, N W, , W.R.M. Mason (cnc); , W.R.M. Mason (cnc). Boyd Lake, outlet, N W, , J.G. Chillcott, (cnc). Carney Lake inlet, N W, 290 m, , J.G. Chillcott (cnc). Reindeer Depot, Mackenzie Delta, N W, , J.R. Vockeroth (cnc). Nunavut: Muskox Lake, N W, 371 m, , J.G. Chillcott (cnc). Quebec: Fort Chimo, 58.1 N 68.4 W, , R.H. MacLeod (cnc). Great Whale River, N W, , W.R.M. Mason (cnc). Indian House Lake, N 64.7 W, , R. Coyles, Betula sp. (Betulaceae) (cnc); , W.R. Richards (cnc). Yukon Territory: 58 mi E of Dawson, Gravel Lake, N W, 625 m, , P.J. Skisko (cnc). Dempster Highway, Arctic Circle, N W, 624 m, , L.A. Kelton, Alnus sp. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Dempster Highway, mi 51, 64.4 N W, 1057 m, , G. and D.M. Wood (cnc). Eagle Plains, N W, , L.A. Kelton, Betula sp. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Morley River, N W, , L.A. Kelton, Betula sp. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Psallus montanus Josifov, 1973 stat. nov. Germany: Baden-Württemberg: Ellwangen, Stadtgebiet (48.57 N E) , (at light), leg. Grimm; Frickenhausen, Krumbach (48.35 N 9.20 E) , (Betula): Gaxhardt, Maxenhof ( N E) , (at light), leg. Meier; Igelsloch, Lachenmüsse (48.44 N 8.38 E) , (Betula); Kirchheim/T., Bürgersee (48.38 N 9.25 E) , (Betula); Kirchheim, Stadtgebiet (48.39 N 9.25 E) , (at light); Kirchentellinsfurt, Ort (48.32 N 9.09 E) , (at light), leg. Steiner; Kohlberg, Jusi (48.33 N 9.19/20 E) (Betula); Lautern, Kleines Lautertal (48.26 N 9.52 E) , (Betula); Mühlhausen, Halde (48.03 N 8.35 E), , (Betula); Nürtingen, Stadtgebiet (48.36 N 9.21 E), , (at light); Nürtingen, Tiefenbachtal (48.35 N 9.24/25 E), , (Betula); Nürtingen, Im Rieth (48.37 N 9.21 E) , , (at light); Nürtingen, Rossdorf ( N E) , , , (at light); Nürtingen, Hochwiesen/Plätschwiesen (48.38 N 9.19 E), , (Betula); Neusaß, Fischteich (49.19 N 9.31 E) , (Betula), leg. Meier; Oberensingen, Ortsgebiet (48.38 N 9.19 E) , (at light); Schopfloch, Torfgrube (48.33 N 9.31 E) v.2005, (Betula); Bavaria: Altenberg, ehemaliger Standortübungsplatz (49.25 N E) (Betula); Aschaffenburg, Strüt , leg. Singer (coll. nhmw); Bischofsgrün, Waldrand NE (50.03 N E) , (Betula); Heigenbrücken (50.01 N 9.22 E) , leg. Singer (coll. smns); Karlstadt (49.57 N 9.45 E) , leg. Singer (coll. smns); Rhineland-Palatinate: Lahnstein, Koppelstein (50.17 N 7.38 E) (Betula); Mainz, Mainzer Sand (50.00 N 8.11 E) , (Betula); Speyer, Standortübungsplatz (49.19 N 8.23 E) , (Betula); Thuringia: Steinthaleben (51.23 N E) , leg. Liebenow; Number 743, N E, 367 m, Unknown (cnc). Sachsen-Anhalt: Staßfurt, Ort (51.51 N E) , leg. Gruschwitz. Austria: Upper Austria: Linz (48.18 N E) , leg. Priesner (coll. olml); Linz Gründberg (48.20 N E) , leg. Priesner (coll. olml); Linz a.d. Urfahr-Stadt (48.19 N E) , leg. 165

6 T JD C V E M E, V UME 149, 2006 Lughofer (coll. zsmc); Carinthia: Loibltal, , leg. Hölzel (coll. klm); Styria: Bärndorf (46.57 N E), ohne Datum, leg. Moosbrugger (coll. nhmw); Gröbming (47.26 N E), , , leg. Madera (coll. nölm lm); Stubenberg (47.15 N E) (at light); Lower Austria: Burgholz (48.35 N E), , leg. Minarz (coll. nhmw); Maria Langegg (48.19 N E), , leg. Madera (coll. nölm); Rekawinkel, Am Rittsteig (48.11 N E) (Betula) with P. betuleti; Vienna: XI. Bezirk, Zentralfriedhof (48.09 N E) (Betula). Czech Republic: Bohemia: Hvězda (50.36 N E) , leg. Kment; Jílové, Sněžnik (50.47 N E) , leg. Kula (Betula); Tisá (50.47 N E) , leg. Kula (Betula); Moravia (all coll. Kment): Horní Němčí, NR Drahy (48.55 N E) , leg. Kment & Malenovský; Javorník (48.51,5 N 17.31,5 E) , leg. Kment (Betula sp.); Jeseník n. Odrou (49.36 N E) , leg. Kment (Betula sp.); Křižánky (49.41 N E) , leg. Kment (Betula sp.); (all coll. Kment). Bulgaria: Vitoscha, 1400m, , leg. Josifov, coll. nhmw (Paratype). Russia: Caucasus, Teberda (43.27 N E) park, on Betula, 27.vi.1938, leg. Lamakina (zmas) USA: Maine: Kennebec Co., Waterville, Colby College , leg. Henry & Wheeler (see Wheeler & Henry 1992); New Hampshire: Grafton Co., Lebanon, , leg. Henry & Wheeler (Betula sp.) (see Wheeler & Henry 1992); New York: Saratoga Co., Saratoga Sprgs., Skidmore Coll , leg. Henry & Wheeler (Betula populifolia) (see Wheeler & Henry 1992); Vermont: Addison Co., Middlebury Coll., Middlebury , leg. Wheeler (Betula papyrifera) (see Wheeler & Henry 1992). Canada: New Brunswick: Kouchibouguac National Park, N W, , leg. D.B. Lyons (cnc); , L.A. Kelton (cnc). Woodstock, N W, , L.A. Kelton, Betula sp. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Nova Scotia: Kentville, N 64.5 W, , L.A. Kelton (cnc); , L.A. Kelton (cnc). Ontario: St. Lawrence Islands National Park, Grenadier Island Center, N 75.1 W, , E. Wilson (cnc). Prince Edward Island: King Co. Co.: Brudenell River Provincial Park, 46.2 N 62.6 W, , Larochelle and Lariviere (cnc). Quebec: Drummondville, N 72.5 W, , L.A. Kelton, Betula sp. (Betulaceae) (cnc). Frelighsburg, N W, , L.A. Kelton (cnc). Gatineau National Park, Pine Road, N W, 177 m, , D. Brown, (Poaceae) (cnc). 166