What Wha is broadband? br Dr Angus Hay

Transcription

1 What is broadband? Dr Angus Hay

2 The Internet Around unique BGP4 Autonomous Systems 50% of traffic on 150 ASs More than 5 Exabytes of traffic carried monthly 680 million host computers 1.5 billion unique users 444 million (fixed line) broadband connections IP over everything & everything over IP Neotel is a member of the Internet Service Providers Association (ISPA)

3 Architecture of the Internet today Tier 1 Global Transit Backbones Hyper Giants Large Content, Consumer, Hosting CDN IXP IXP IXP Tier 2 Regional ISP Tier 2 Regional ISP Customer Networks Concept from ATLAS Internet Observatory

4 TheInternet in South Africa Six Regional Tier 1 (Tier 2) providers* Around 150 ISPs of various sizes and tiers Internet Transit and Peering Two public Internet exchanges (JINX and CINX) 1 Gbps exchanged publicly; probably 5 Gbps privately 5 million unique Internet users (Q4 2009) dial up connections (still!) 1,69 million broadband connections (Q1 2009) South African definition includes fixed and mobile South Africa ranked 61 st on Broadband Quality * Neotel / Tata Communications Global Tier 1 network is present in South Africa Sources: World Wide Worx, MyADSL, Oxford Broadband Quality Study, ISPA, ispmap.org.za

5 The distribution bottleneck Content Aggregation Distribution Devices

6 Access Bandwidth Bandwidth is not a finite resource like oil over time, total bandwidth will grow, and the price per bandwidth will fall Driven by applicationsandand content, broadband access bandwidth continues to grow exponentially around the world Access bandwidth per customer needs to increase continually Retail competition will increasingly gynot be on the price of bandwidth, but on services delivered over that bandwidth.

7 Broadband 2.0 Broadband 2.0 is a term first coined around 2005, to describe the next step in broadband performance required by high end users such as online gamers, and to deliver triple play services Characteristics of Broadband Higher bandwidth, low contention ratio SymmetricalaccessandQuality access and ofservice High definition video speeds (20+ Mbps) Multiple sources of content, peer to peer Two worlds of broadband Wireless for personal broadband access Optical fibre for fixed Broadband 2.0 access Wireless will dominate broadband in Africa Broadband 2.0 requires FTTB/FTTH access, even in South Africa

8 Global Broadband benchmarks Country Average Change/y > 5 Mbps > 2Mbps South Korea 14,6 Mbps 13% 74% 94% Japan 7,9 Mbps 11% 60% 90% Sweden 5,7 Mbps 6,2% 42% 75% United States 3,9 Mbps -2,4% 24% 57% United Kingdom 3,4 Mbps 16% 19% 73% Czech Republic 4,8 Mbps 23% 30% 76% Brazil 1,1 Mbps -4,6% 1,4% 11% India 879 kbps -6,8% 0,7% 4,9% China 825 kbps 6,2% 0,4% 4,2% Mayotte 43 kbps WORLD 1,7 Mbps 13% 19% 53% Midrand, SA 1,5 Mbps - 4,2% 11% Jo'burg, SA 1,1 Mbps - 1,3% 8,0% Cape Town, SA 1,3 Mbps - 0,8% 13% Source: Akamai State of the Internet Report

9 Why optical fibre? Almost infinite bandwidth 25.4 Tbps (160 x 160 Gbps wavelengths) demo 600 Gbps on a single wavelength in laboratory Commercial Terabit per second cables High reliability and availability vs copper Highly scalable bandwidth using DWDM

10 Active vs passive optical fibre access Active Metro Ethernet: Ring or Switched Ethernet architecture Highly scalable access from 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps Dominates European market Ubiquitous GE installed base Passive Point to multipoint topology, multiple access protocol 100% passive outside plant minimises capex and opex Cost effective access between 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps Parallel analoguebroadcast video stream (Second lambda)

11 The ultimate capacity constraints Permissions Spectrum Photos: ld13, Neotel

12 Rapid fibre rollout methods

13 Broadband: South Africa vs The World South Africa 32% 68% Wireline Wireless 1% 1% World 13% DSL 21% 64% Cable Fibre Wireless Other Sources: MyBroadband, The Broadband Forum

14 Broadband ecosystem Network services Global Transit Hosting / Applications Voice Interconnect Internet Peering Access: Fibre Access: Wireless National network

15 Submarine cables 2011 EΛSSy WACS

16 Content Delivery Networks Developed to cache (mirror) files across the Internet Concept pioneered by Akamai in the late 1990s Many CDNs, but a few dominate Akamai Limelight Level 3 Panther BitGravity Today account for 10% of all Internet traffic CDNs today carry more varied traffic, including streaming Video is about a third of the traffic, but not of the economic value The video CDN market will grow to around $1bn by 2012 Sources: Frost & Sullivan, ATLAS Internet Observatory

17 Thefuture of broadband wireless Network architecture Uncapped wireless as primary broadband access puts pressure on spectrum and backhaul Deep backhaul and high site density required Heavy core evolution vs lean pure IP network Devices and applications Personal vs home/office vs new device types Diversity ofdevices matches market diversity A fixed and mobile future Broadband d wireless eesswill connect peoplee Optical fibre broadband will connect places In some markets, wireless will connect both Wireless will dominate broadband in Africa

18 Choosing a wireless access technology Economies of scale Stability, features and network cost Terminal price and availability Standards and interoperability Backward compatibility Terminal re use and customer retention Network migration and equipment re use (vendors) Spectrum Lower frequencies for coverage and penetration Global or regional band plan alignment Economic basis of spectrum regulation Roaming, multi band and multi standard devices

19 Wireless roadmaps 3GPP GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS HSPA HSPA+ LTE LTE-A 3GPP2 CDMA EV-DO Rev.A Rev. B IEEE WiFi WiMAX d e m

20 RF technology: CDMA versus OFDMA CDMA2000 1X and EV-DO are more efficient in bandwidths up to 5 MHz OFDMA-based solutions offer a simpler implementation in bandwidths greater than 10 MHz

21 Making broadband happen US: President Barack Obama aims to ensure broadband access for all, thereby restoring the US ranking in broadband penetration. The minimum definition of broadband will be redrafted to meet 21 st century communications ca o requirements. e e UK: New government policy promotes broadband for all, and Ofcom will require BT Openreach to offer new active fibre based based broadband services. BT has announced an initial investment of 1.5 billion in fibre to the home infrastructure. South Africa: Minister of Communications, Siphiwe Nyanda, releases a draft national broadband policy. The South African National Broadband Forum proposes a framework to promote affordable broadband and restore South Africa s globalandcontinentaland ranking in Internet access. which is all very well, but what about Local Loop Unbundling in South Africa?

22 Global Broadband Growth ions Mill Year Source: Point Topic

23 SA Population and Internet Users Population Internet users Sources: UNISA Bureau of Market Research & World Wide Worx, extrapolated

24 Neotel: Infrastructure for Broadband Randburg Sandton Rosebank Killarney Brixton Jo burg CBD Midrand Pretoria CBD New high bandwidth national optical fb fibre backbone New international submarine optical fibre cable systems High quality national and international Internet / IP Carrier class voice on IP core Germiston New access networks Optical fibre: FTTC > FTTB/FTTH 3G wireless (CDMA2000) Fixed wireless (WiMAX) Metro Ethernet fibre access World class Data Centres

25 Thank You