REA: Forestry, Wildlife & Natural Resources
|
|
|
- Dominick Ray
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Intro to Tree Pruning; Relating Tree Biology and Structure to Pruning By Beau Brodbeck REA: Forestry, Wildlife & Natural Resources Alabama Cooperative Extension System
2 In the next 40 minutes You will learn about the WHY? Rl Relating Tree Biology Bil to Pruning Relating tree structure to Pruning
3 What is tree biology? The study of the Life Processes of a tree. That includes a study of the GROWTH, y STRUCTURE, EVOLUTION, etc. of a tree.
4
5 The Crown The canopy is made up of the foliage and dbranches Biologically this is where most of your photosynthesis is occurring.
6 Tree Biology Leaves are the factories of the tree. Inputs Outputs Wood Bark Leaves Roots Soil Minerals Growth
7
8 When pruning you are often removing limbs with photosynthesis/food producing leaves L i i l b tt t t hi it t Less pruning is always better or stretching it out over several years.
9
10 There are two primary reasons why not to top or over-prune damages trees 1. Reduction of growth 2. Formation of poor structure
11 1. Growth Reduction; Where are the carbs stored? No leaves no photosynthesis Carbohydrates/sugars are stored in the woody tissue of branches and trunk Excessive pruning/storms will removed stored energy This weakens trees and make them susceptible to insects & disease
12 2. Poor Structure; What is the Responses to over/incorrect pruning? Sucker growth - Water sprouts - Epicormic branching
13 Why do trees respond this way? Apical meristem or dominant bud is gone That means: No more hormones suppressing thousand of dormant buds Resulting in excessive re-sprouting
14 Why is sucker growth a problem?
15 Branch poorly connected Branch rots
16
17
18
19 Reason not to top trees: Tree responds with rapid uncoordinated growth Poor branch collar formation Introduces decay to key branches Increases risk of insects and disease Branches are poorly attached Increases future risk of failure If your going to top you better keep topping to maintain the problem Expensive$$$
20 Pollarded trees in Sluis, Netherlands
21 Don t Top!!! There are other options It won t Work Its Ugly Pictures: It dangerous
22 The biology of reduction pruning Reduction pruning - removes branches back to a leader larger enough to assume appical dominance. (i.e. hormones won t release hundreds of dormant buds ) This prevents epicormic branching Also can help limit size of cut or cutting back to the trunk
23 The Trunk: The trunk provides the support and strength to the tree avoid damage to tree trunks at all costs!!!! Avoid Large Pruning Cuts Especially those back to the trunk!
24 Trees don t heal Trees compartmentalize or walloff decay Some species are better than others at keeping decay form spreading
25
26 Good compartmentalizer Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
27 Poor compartmentalizer Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
28 Trees that resist decay make better candidates for restoration Trees that resist decay Trees prone to decay Bald Cypress River Birch Hickory Pecan American Holly Shumard Oak Laurel oak Water Oak Willow Oak White Oak Maple Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
29 Improper pruning allows decay to enter and decay the tree Avoid the following: 1. Leaving stubs 2. Making large pruning cuts back to the trunk 3. Removing the branch collar
30 Leaving Stubs Is an avenue for decay & insects to enter the tree Tree cannot seal over the wound
31
32 Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
33
34 Large pruning cuts back to the trunk: As pruning cuts get larger it becomes increasingly difficult for the tree seal or compartmentalize that wound
35 Large Cuts take: More energy reserves to grow over wounds More time to seal over (i.e. more time for decay and insects)
36 Big cuts can result in decay and cracks. Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
37 Sprouts develop from large pruning cuts Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
38 Old topping cuts
39 Size/Age of the tree Larger more mature trees are more difficult to restore; More prone to decay due to larger branches Recovery more difficult due to more canopy loss Recovery will be a multiyear process due to pruning doses Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
40 Pruning dose; storms excluded. Old trees can decline as a result of over pruning On young trees remove e less than 20% of live foliage. On mature trees remove less than 10% of the live foliage Try to prune trees when they are young to avoid large cuts
41 Pruning; Storms Considered You cant pick how much the storms removed So Remove as little foliage as possible Prune away broken or stubbed branches Take a long term approach. Be prepared to spend several years restoring your trees Train future trees for better structure
42 In the next 25 minutes Relating Tree Biology to Pruning Relating tree structure to Pruning
43 Tree Structure It is important to train young trees to develop good structure that will help them survive future storm events
44 What is good structure? Outline of topics 1. Forest grown vs. open grown tree 2. Codominant stems 3. Good branch attachment Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
45 The urban environment is unnatural environment
46 1. Forest grown tree vs.. Open grown tree How do they develop on their own? Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
47 Trees in the forest grow with one trunk, and codominant stems toward the top of the tree Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
48 Codominant stems form far up into the canopy on most forest trees Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
49 Open grown trees Canopy develops low on the trunk Canopy spreads wide Tree is often wider than tall Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
50 Its party time for all Its all about access to sunlight Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
51 Appears to be a nice tree Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
52 Close-up of base of tree Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
53 Huge crack Same tree five years later Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
54 I thought ht I heard something creak last night Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
55 What is good structure? Outline of topics 1. Forest grown vs. open grown tree 2. Codominant stems 3. Good branch attachment Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
56 2. Codominant stems Stems nearly same diameter Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
57 Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
58 These are weak Elephant ears Severely acute angle Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
59 Codominant stems often cause branch failure in storms Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
60 Why are they a problem? Included dbark beginning to form Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
61 Bark inclusion Decay and discoloration from self wounding Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
62 Bark inclusion (Not a codominant stem!) Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
63 Close-up of closure crack Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
64 What is good structure? Outline of topics 1. Forest grown vs. open grown tree 2. Codominant stems 3. Good branch attachment Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
65 3. Good branch attachment How does a BRANCH form? What are the indicators? Why are branch collards important? Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
66
67
68 Branch bark ridge present 1 st indicator of good branch attachment Some branch unions have a prominent branch bark ridge Indicator of good branch attachment Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
69 2 nd indicator of good branch attachment No branch bark ridge Collar Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL Another indicator of good branch attachment
70 Wood orientation at union Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
71 Why is the branch collar Specialized wood orientation helps: Strengthens branch attachment Trees heal over the wound quickly when pruning Limits decay from entering the tree when pruning important?
72 What happens if you remove the Create larger wound Increase healing time More decay More insects Weaker tree branch collar? Image by Steve Houser
73 If branches are too close in size to the main stem branch collars won t form
74 Strong union Weak union Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
75 Some trees naturally develop good structure in the urban environment and require less pruning maintenance and sustain less storm damage
76 Weak vs. Strong Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
77 Species: trees with good structure will require less pruning attention Trees with good structure Trees with poor structure Baldcypress Sweetgum Southern magnolia Live oak Shumard oak Overcup Oak Silver Maple Red maple Pecan Laurel oak ]Water Oak Bradford Pear Slide by Ed Gilman, UFL
78 In Review: Structural t branch problems to correct: 1. Codominant stems 2. Branches with steep angles and included bark 3. Branches that are too close in diameter to the main stem Correct these early regularly regularly Don t allow these problems to become large and overbearing
79 Pruning The How of pruning will be discussed by Mr. Jack Rowe
80 Special Thanks: Edward F. Gilman Department of Environmental Horticulture University of Florida
81 Beau Brodbeck Alabama Cooperative Extension System Tel:
Proper Pruning Basic Techniques and Tips. 2012 ECCFC Rocky Ford, CO
Proper Pruning Basic Techniques and Tips 2012 ECCFC Rocky Ford, CO 1 The Pro-Active Pruner! Plan BEFORE Planting Select the Right Tree For the Right Place Begin pruning trees while they are young Common
Urban and Community Forestry Agriculture & Natural Resources TIMELY INFORMATION Post Storm Tree Assessment; Guide to evaluating trees
Urban and Community Forestry Agriculture & Natural Resources TIMELY INFORMATION Post Storm Tree Assessment; Guide to evaluating trees Post Storm Assessment: To assess trees in the aftermath of storms it
DO's and DON'Ts in Pruning
DO's and DON'Ts in Pruning Introduction "Pruning is one of the best things an arborist can do for a tree but one of the worst things we can do to a tree" -Alex Shigo Pruning is the most common tree maintenance
Pruning Mature Trees. Reasons for Pruning
Pruning Mature Trees Pruning is the most common tree maintenance procedure. Although forest trees grow quite well with only nature's pruning, landscape trees require a higher level of care to maintain
restoring trees after a hurricane
CHAPTER restoring trees after a hurricane PUBLICATION Nº ENH 1054 edward f. gilman t r a c i pa r t i n Introduction Contents The step-by-step outline provided in this document summarizes the process for
The Basics of Tree Pruning
The Basics of Tree Pruning By John Ball, Forest Health Specialist and Aaron Kiesz, Urban and Community Forestry Specialist Until the end of the 19 th century, trees were not a common sight in many parts
Two Main Precautions Before You Begin Working
Pruning Mango Trees Roy Beckford, Ag/Natural Resources Agent, UF/IFAS Lee County Two Main Precautions Before You Begin Working 1. Mango peel and sap contain urushiol, the chemical in poison ivy and poison
Introduction. Figure q
CHAPTER DEvelopinG A PREVENTIVE PRUNING PROGRAM in your community: mature TREES PUBLICATION Nº ENH 1063 edward f. gilman amanda bisson Introduction A preventive pruning program should be designed to create
There are several consequences of not conducting a regular pruning program. These include:
Pruning is a double-edged sword, either helping or hurting according to if, where, when, how, and why it is applied. When properly executed, a variety of benefits can occur. Benefits include reducing risk
Proper Pruning For Tree Health and Defensible Space
Proper Pruning For Tree Health and Defensible Space NFP Training for Lone Peak Conservation Center, May 4, 2005 Maggie Shao, Community Forestry Program Coordinator Reasons for Pruning Safety - involves
Tree Maintenance Practices
OUTLINE. I. Pruning Methods a. Crown Raising.3 b. Structural Pruning...3 c. Thinning 4 d. Crown Reduction (drop crotch).4 e. Restoration...5 II. Pruning Cuts a. Types of Pruning Cuts.5-8 b. Principles,
Pruning Deciduous Trees
Pruning Deciduous Trees By Robert S. Logan, Extension Forestry Specialist, and Steven B. Laursen, former Natural Resources Specialist MontGuide Nearly any question the homeowner may have about trees, especially
City of Bellingham Tree Planting Guide
City of Bellingham Tree Planting Guide This guide provides you with resources for planting trees in the city. Using the right tree in the right place, and maintaining it correctly will provide healthy,
Trees and Reliable Electric Service. Answers to Questions About Tree Pruning and Electric Power. We re connected to you by more than power lines.
Trees and Reliable Electric Service Answers to Questions About Tree Pruning and Electric Power We re connected to you by more than power lines. How is Line Clearance Done? Pepco s tree contractor will
It s time to. the trees. We will soon be in your area, pruning trees, to provide safe and reliable electric service. Save this guide.
It s time to trim the trees We will soon be in your area, pruning trees, to provide safe and reliable electric service. Save this guide. Trees are among our community s most beneficial, valuable and beautiful
After the Storm: Caring for Your Trees
Montana State University Extension Service Peter Kolb (PhD) MSU Extension Forestry Specialist School of Forestry, University of Montana,Missoula, MT 59812 Tel. (406) 243-4705; e-mail: efpfk@forestry.umt.edu
H-GAC Debris Workshop 2: Mitigating Your Hazards Handout 1 Public Outreach Debris Mitigation Strategies
H-GAC Debris Workshop 2: Mitigating Your Hazards Handout 1 Public Outreach Debris Mitigation Strategies This handout provides examples of debris mitigation initiatives for the public that communities have
General Guidelines on Tree Pruning
1 General Guidelines on Tree Pruning Tree pruning is the removal of unwanted branches from a tree such as those shown on Fig. (1) either for reducing risk and inconvenience to the public, maintaining or
City of Bellevue. Pruning Guidelines
City of Bellevue Pruning Guidelines November 2009 Table of Contents Introduction.............................................. 1 Why Prune Trees?......................................... 2 Pruning Goals............................................
Tree Strategy. Good Practice Guide 1 Tree Work
Tree Strategy Good Practice Guide 1 Tree Work July 2009 Good Practice Guide 1 Tree Work 1. Purpose the guide 2. Introduction 3. Protected trees 4. Wildlife 5. Timing of pruning 6. Pruning Specifications
Tree Guidance Notes. Guidance Note 1: Guidance for Works to Trees
Guidance Note 1: Guidance for Works to Trees Guidance Note 1: Guidance for Works to Trees A TREE STRATEGY FOR HUNTINGDONSHIRE 1 Purpose of the guide The aim of this guide is to provide information and
runing & Orchard Renewal
P runing & Orchard Renewal Richard G. St-Pierre, Ph.D. (January 2006) The Basics Of Pruning & Orchard Renewal Pruning is defined as the art and science of cutting away a portion of a plant to improve its
Can These Trees Be Saved?
Can These Trees Be Saved? In cooperation with the USDA Forest Service and the International Society of Arboriculture. A storm can leave trees looking like there's no tomorrow. Major limbs may be broken
Care of Mature Backyard Apple Trees
Education Center and Info Line practical solutions to everyday questions Toll free Info Line 1-877-398-4769 M-F 9 AM - 2 PM Care of Mature Backyard Apple Trees Introduction Backyard apple trees can be
CARING FOR ICE-DAMAGED TREES
CARING FOR ICE-DAMAGED TREES Ice storms are fairly common events. Severe ice storms can affect trees, but trees can also be remarkably resilient. Healthy trees that have not suffered major structural damage,
Tree Pruning Guide. Five Key Steps for Pruning Young Trees. Reasons to Prune/Train Young Trees Source: Training Young Trees for Structure & Form
Tree Pruning Guide This guide is a combination of work by: the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, the National Arbor Day Association, and the University of California, Agriculture &
In the Storm s Wake. This Quick Guide was produced by the Colorado State Forest Service to promote knowledge transfer. May 2010 www.csfs.colostate.
QUICK GUIDES UCF 2010-1 Caring for Storm- Damaged Trees Information provided by the National Arbor Day Foundation and the International Society of Arboriculture In the Storm s Wake After a major storm,
Hurricanes & Trees. Basic Tree Care After a Storm
Basic Tree Care After a Storm 5. Resist the urge to overprune. Don t worry if the tree s appearance isn t perfect. With branches gone, your trees may look unbalanced or naked. You ll be surprised at how
Caring for StormDamaged Trees
QUICK GUIDES UCF 2010-1 Caring for StormDamaged Trees Information provided by the National Arbor Day Foundation and the International Society of Arboriculture In the Storm s Wake After a major storm, a
Why hire an arborist?
Why hire an arborist? Spring is fast approaching and that means gardens to attend and flowers to plant, but what about your trees? Now is the best time to hire an arborist to maintain your trees before
Keep these few simple principles in mind before pruning a tree:
Pruning Young Trees Proper pruning is essential in developing a tree with a strong structure and desirable form. Trees that receive the appropriate pruning measures while they are young will require little
Pruning Deciduous Shade Trees
Cooperative Extension Pruning Deciduous Shade Trees Trees in the wild are never pruned, yet they often have long healthy lives. In a natural setting, their branches develop a balance and form typical of
USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry. HOW to Prune Trees
USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry NA-FR-01-95 HOW to Prune Trees Introduction Peter J. Bedker, Joseph G. O Brien, and Manfred M. Mielke Illustrations by Julie Martinez, Afton,
Tree Care. after storms
Tree Care after storms Snow, ice, tornadoes, hail and high-velocity winds are just a few of the natural perils Missouri s trees experience. When storms damage trees, cleanup and recovery can be bewildering.
Pruning Urban Trees How much, and how often is it really Necessary?
Pruning Urban Trees How much, and how often is it really Necessary? Deborah Ellis, Rev. 4/2/2013 I have good news for you, the tree owner/manager! Urban trees do not need to pruned nearly as often and
Prune Your Trees. Prune early, prune often, prune for safety
Prune Your Trees 9 Prune early, prune often, prune for safety Why should I prune? Safety, tree health, aesthetics, and value are the primary reasons for pruning trees. A single pruning can accomplish more
University of Central Florida Campus Tree Care Plan Adopted October 2010
University of Central Florida Campus Tree Care Plan Adopted October 2010 Prepared by: Dr. Patrick Bohlen, Director Timothy Newman, Landscape Superintendent Alaina Bernard, Land Manager Jennifer Pudewell,
HOW to Prune Trees NA-FR-01-95. United States Department of Agriculture. Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry
HOW to Prune Trees United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry NA-FR-01-95 Revised August 2012 How to Prune Trees Contents Page Introduction 1 Reasons
Tree Removal Application
Tree Removal Application PROPERTY INFORMATION Name of Property Owner(s): Site Address: Tax Parcel Number: Property Square Footage: Location of trees to be removed: Front Side Rear SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS
Pruning Landscape Trees
HO-45 Pruning Landscape Trees Flowering and shade trees in the landscape require periodic pruning to control size and shape, to correct undesirable growth, and to remove low-hanging or damaged branches.
Pruning Landscape Trees and Shrubs 1
CIR853 Pruning Landscape Trees and Shrubs 1 Edward F. Gilman and Robert J. Black 2 Pruning is the removal of plant parts, typically shoots, branches, fronds and flowers to improve health, control growth
Pruning Fruit Trees. Develop strong tree structure. This should begin when trees are planted and continue each year thereafter.
Agriculture and Natural Resources Pruning Fruit Trees Extension Horticulture Arkansas Is Our Campus Visit our web site at: http://www.uaex.edu Fruit trees should be pruned every year to maintain their
City of Hollywood Planning and Development Services
City of Hollywood Planning and Development Services Topics covered in this brochure: Choosing your tree Planting your tree Proper tree pruning Choosing a tree service/arborist Hurricane preparedness for
When you buy a high-quality tree, plant it correctly, and treat it properly, you and your tree will benefit greatly in many ways for many years.
Buying High-Quality Trees When you buy a high-quality tree, plant it correctly, and treat it properly, you and your tree will benefit greatly in many ways for many years. When you buy a low-quality tree,
Are My. Pine Trees. Ready To Thin?
Are My Pine Trees Ready To Thin? ARE MY PINE TREES READY TO THIN? One question private forest landowners ask most frequently is, Are my pine trees ready to thin? There is no definite answer to this question,
Guidance Notes on Tree Pruning
Guidance Notes on Tree Pruning This information refers only to deciduous broadleaf trees in general, as evergreens and conifers often have different requirements. Also, it should be noted that even the
Symptoms Include: Stippled, bronzed or bleached appearance of leaves
Common Tree Pests & Diseases Of Central Texas Lara Schuman City of Austin Urban Forestry Program Stress and Trees City life can be stressful, and trees feel stress too. Common urban tree issues include:
What Are Those Plants Worth?
Agricultural Extension Service The University of Tennessee What Are Those Plants Worth? SP614 Stephen Garton Assistant Professor Plant Sciences Larry Tankersley Extension Associate Forestry, Wildlife &
GLOSSARY OF TREE TERMS
GLOSSARY OF TREE TERMS Aeration providing air to the soil to alleviate compaction and improve structure. Arboriculture the practice and study of the care of trees and other woody plants. Arborist a professional
Pruning and Care of Young and Mature Trees
Pruning and Care of Young and Mature Trees How to Make a Proper Pruning Cut Safety & Visibility Tips for Hiring An Arborist Common Tree Diseases Portland Parks & Recreation City Nature Urban Forestry 10910
Tree Removal. City of Bunker Hill Village
Tree Removal City of Bunker Hill Village Important Permit Considerations... 2 Tree Ordinance... 3 Zoning Map... 12 Types of Allowable Tree Protection... 13 Working Hours (English)... 14 Working Hours (Spanish)...
Tree Trimming Tips and Tricks
Tree Trimming Tips and Tricks Start with Professionals Mistakes can be costly for you and your tree. Professionals who know about trees can help you get started with the right tree in the right place.
CITRUS PRUNING. control, fruit production and size control
CITRUS PRUNING Pruning techniques for tree health pest Pruning techniques for tree health, pest control, fruit production and size control Tree Shapes Citrus trees are generally pruned to a central leader
The Tropical Rainforest Rainforest Series, Part 1 - by Mikki Sadil
Rainforest Series, Part 1 - Tropical rainforests are among the most mysterious of all geographical biomes in the world. A biome is an area with very distinctive plants and animals that have adapted to
A GUIDE: DEVELOPING A STREET AND PARK TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN
A GUIDE: DEVELOPING A STREET AND PARK TREE MANAGEMENT PLAN An introduction to the preparation of a strategic approach to the care and maintenance of your community forest USDA Forest Service Northeastern
Pruning Landscape Trees and Shrubs 1
Circular 853 Pruning Landscape Trees and Shrubs 1 Edward F. Gilman and Robert J. Black 2 Pruning is the selective removal of plant parts, typically shoots and branches, to improve health, control growth
Guide to Healthy Trees
Guide to Healthy Trees Al and Bri Seaton Front cover image: This magnifi cent tree is located on our property in Mansfi eld, Victoria. A few years ago it was suffering severely from drought, erosion and
Diagnosing Disorders of Trees
148 Appendix A Diagnosing Disorders of Trees Diagnosing tree problems can be difficult. Symptoms and signs can be subtle or only visible using special techniques, important information can be missing,
Post-Wildfire Clean-Up and Response in Houston Toad Habitat Best Management Practices
Post-Wildfire Clean-Up and Response in Houston Toad Habitat Best Management Practices Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide guidance and recommendations for minimizing potential impacts to
4.0 Discuss some effects of disturbances on the forest.
4.0 Discuss some effects of disturbances on the forest. 4.1 Describe common disturbances that occur in the Boreal forest. Disturbances are normal to the life of the forest. Forests are very resilient (able
1 SEEDLING QUALITY. Seedling quality
Seedling quality Quality versus quantity A nursery manager s most important goal is to produce quality trees. Quality is more important than quantity. It is a common mistake in nurseries to concentrate
Tree Assessment Report Prepared for: Dr. Peter Giarrizzo 18 Franklin Place Pelham NY 10803
Pelham Board of Education Tree Assessment Report Prepared for: Dr. Peter Giarrizzo 18 Franklin Place Pelham NY 10803 Prepared by: Ken Almstead, Certified Arborist NY 0335 Tree Risk Assessor Qualification
Bananas and Tree-Biomechanics. Frank Rinn
Bananas and Tree-Biomechanics Frank Rinn (pdf-version for download: send email to info@rinntech.com) 2012 FRANK RINN BANANAS AND TREE-BIOMECHANICS 2 / 43 1. I am not an Arborist! 2. I do not know a lot
Pruning Trees. Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture. University of California Cooperative Extension Central Coast & South Region
University of California Cooperative Extension Central Coast & South Region Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture Pruning Trees Pruning Trees at Planting Landscape trees should not be pruned at planting
PUBLICATION 8057 GENETIC DWARF TREES FULL-SIZED AND SEMIDWARF TREES
PUBLICATION 8057 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu CHUCK INGELS, University of California Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, Environmental
Vegetation Management. for Distribution Lines
Vegetation Management for Distribution Lines Working Hand in Hand with Nature Trees contacting power lines and other electric facilities are the major cause of electric service interruptions, especially
How Trees Grow in the Urban Environment 1
CIR1093 1 Mary L. Duryea and Marlene M. Malavasi2 Background What happens to a birdhouse if you hang it on a tree and come back in two years? Will it be at the same height or out of your reach because
12.16.070 - Forestry Division: Regulations and Specifications.
12.16.070 - Forestry Division: Regulations and Specifications. A. Regulations and specifications known as the "Forestry Division: Regulations and Specifications" are set forth within the following subsections.
DIRECT TESTIMONY OF RONALD MATRANGA SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY (RICE FIRE)
Proceeding No.: Exhibit No.: Witness: I.0--00 Ronald Matranga DIRECT TESTIMONY OF RONALD MATRANGA SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY (RICE FIRE) BEFORE THE PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
SPECIAL REPORT FROM STIHL STIHL PRUNING GUIDE BROUGHT TO YOU BY STIHL INC. 2010
SPECIAL REPORT FROM STIHL STIHL PRUNING GUIDE BROUGHT TO YOU BY STIHL INC. 2010 STIHL Pruning Guide Introduction Watching a professional prune a tree or shrub can cause confusion in a layperson. It makes
III. Hazard Tree Summary
III. Hazard Tree Summary Methodology The sheer numbers of trees as well as the difficulty in determining precise tree ownerships has hampered hazard tree identification on the SVCA property. We did identify
Pruning to restore. R.L. Stebbins and J. Olsen. EC 1005 Reprinted October 1999 $1.50
EC 1005 Reprinted October 1999 $1.50 Pruning to restore an old, neglected apple tree R.L. Stebbins and J. Olsen This neglected apple tree is 24 feet tall and has a spread of 24 feet (only half the tree
Tree Talk. Customer Care. www.lipower.org
Customer Care Tree Talk Did you know that trees can help improve your safety and electric reliability? This booklet will help you select the best trees for your home, and provide tips about their maintenance
Texas State University Tree Care Plan November 2014
Texas State University Tree Care Plan November 2014 JuneJune 7, 2011 Jun Page 1 1. PURPOSE A well-developed tree care plan is necessary to ensure the beautification and diversification of foliage found
Bradgate Park Landscape Tree Survey. Tree Schedule, Group Schedule, Woodland Schedule & Key to Schedule
Bradgate Park Landscape Tree Survey Tree Schedule, Group Schedule, Woodland Schedule & Key to Schedule Appendix A of the Landscape Tree Survey Report On Behalf of The Bradgate Park Trust Bradgate Park
Construction Damage to Trees
Construction Damage to Trees When a building site is cleared, several large, well-established trees are often left to enhance the aesthetic value of the property. However, within about 2-8 years after
Growing Cocoa Beans. Growing Region
Growing Cocoa Beans All chocolate begins with cocoa beans, the fruit of the cacao tree (also called a cocoa tree). Scientists know that the cacao tree originated somewhere in South or Central America.
Effective immediately, I am directing the staff to observe the following rules regarding tree removal in the public rights-of-way in Beaufort County:
Policy Statement PS-13 DATE: June 6, 2001 TO: FROM: SUBJ: Randy Wood, Deputy Administrator Morris Campbell, Deputy Administrator Buz Boehm, Deputy Administrator Charles Gatch, Zoning Development Administrator
Pruning. Pruning: What is it? 2/21/2013. What is Pruning? Pruning is the removal of: What do YOU think?
Pruning presentation and activities prepared by Andrea Burke Cornell University Department of Horticulture Pruning: What is it? What do YOU think? What is Pruning? Pruning is the removal of: A) flowers
3.0 Tree Maintenance Guidelines
3.0 Tree Maintenance Guidelines Introduction Trees are a major element of city parks and Department staff should continue to learn more about tree care in order to prolong the health of all trees. All
Tree wardens, community arborists
Urban Forestry Prioritizing Risk Trees in a Community By Brian Kane, Dr. H. Dennis P. Ryan and Dr. David V. Bloniarz Tree wardens, community arborists and urban foresters are responsible for maintaining
CHAPTER 13 NATURAL RESOURCES ARTICLE III. TREES
CHAPTER 13 NATURAL RESOURCES ARTICLE III. TREES Sec. 13-300. Definitions. Street trees: "Street trees" are herein defined as trees, shrubs, bushes, and all other woody vegetation on either side of all
Tree and forest restoration following wildfire
Peter F. Kolb (PhD) MSU Extension Forestry Specialist Adj. Assistant Professor Forest Ecology School of Forestry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59808 Tel. (406) 243-4705, e-mail: efpfk@forestry.umt.edu
How to Prune Young Shade Trees
How to Prune Young Shade Trees 1 No. Dr. James R. Fazio, Editor $3.00 As the twig is bent, so grows the tree. This insightful old bromide about children might just as well serve as the cardinal principle
Yard Tree Planting and Care
Yard Tree Planting and Care Contents 10 Easy Steps To Properly 3 Plant Your Tree 6 How To Care For Your New Tree 8 Pruning Your Newly Planted Tree 10 11 5 Steps To Properly Remove A Branch Fruit Trees
Maintaining Healthy Oak and Sycamore Trees Following Wildfire
Maintaining Healthy Oak and Sycamore Trees Following Wildfire San Diego s recent fires burned 27,000 acres and damaged hundreds of native oak and sycamore trees, including coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia)
Taking Care of Residential Trees after Wildfire
Taking Care of Residential Trees after Wildfire JoAnne Skelly Extension Educator, Carson City/Storey County Fact Sheet-04-57 Introduction Wildfire can affect trees in residential landscapes in a variety
Why Fruit Trees Die D. B. Meador, Extension Specialist (retired) University of Illinois
Why Fruit Trees Die D. B. Meador, Extension Specialist (retired) University of Illinois Occasionally, fruit trees decline and often die. Diseases affecting the leaves, fruit, and twigs of fruit trees usually
OAK TREE DISEASES Anthracnose Oak Leaf Blister Actinopelte Leafspot Spot Anthracnose
OAK TREE DISEASES Anthracnose (fungus Gloeosporium sp.): Anthracnose is more common on white oak group (Bur Oak, Over Cup Oak, White Oak and Post Oak) than on the other more common oaks. The disease is
Ten Easy Ways to Kill a Tree
DIVISION OF AGRICULTURE RESEARCH & EXTENSION University of Arkansas System Agriculture and Natural Resources FSA5011 Ten Easy Ways to Kill a Tree (And How to Avoid Them) H. Christoph Stuhlinger University
When trees fail during loading events, it s more than just one factor. The severity of the loading event plays a major role, as do the site
1 When trees fail during loading events, it s more than just one factor. The severity of the loading event plays a major role, as do the site characteristics. For instance, if the loading event is a straight-line
Kindergarten Plants and Plant Growth Assessment
Kindergarten Plants and Plant Growth Assessment 1a. Circle one thing that plants need to grow: 1b. Circle all of the things that plants need to grow: 1c. Name three things that plants need to grow: 2a.
Oak Trees BASIC GROWING REQUIREMENTS FOR YOUR
They are beautiful in their peace, They are wise in their silence. They will stand after we are dust. They teach us, and we tend them. G.A. MacDunelmor BASIC GROWING REQUIREMENTS FOR YOUR Oak Trees The
Training and Pruning Your Home Orchard
A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication Oregon State University University of Idaho Washington State University PNW 400 Revised July 2011 Training and Pruning Your Home Orchard Jeff Olsen The Basics
Public Utility District #1 of Jefferson County Vegetation Clearance Policy And Specifications
Jefferson County PUD Company Policy Policy No. Date: Public Utility District #1 of Jefferson County Vegetation Clearance Policy And Specifications Purpose The purpose of this policy statement and these
Introduction to Plant Propagation. Glenn T. Sako Assistant County Extension Agent CTAHR, UHM
Introduction to Plant Propagation Glenn T. Sako Assistant County Extension Agent CTAHR, UHM Purposes for Plant Propagation Multiply the number of a species Perpetuate a species Maintain the youthfulness
This leaflet gives advice on sensible precautions to help avoid the problem and the first steps to take if damage still occurs.
PROTECTING YOUR HOME FROM SUBSIDENCE DAMAGE The shortage of rain experienced by much of the country during recent years has caused an increase in the amount of damage to buildings by subsidence. In extreme
Tree Protection Standards in Construction Sites
Tree Protection Standards in Construction Sites To exist as a nation, to prosper as a state, and to live as a people, we must have trees. - President Theodore Roosevelt Contents Why Should I Follow This
PINE BONSAI FOLIAGE CONTROL
PINE BONSAI FOLIAGE CONTROL By Julian R. Adams Foliage is one of the major elements used in the design of a bonsai. The size and location of foliage on the limbs is of great importance in creating the
University of Louisville Tree Care Plan
University of Louisville Tree Care Plan Established: December 10, 2010. Revised: December 20, 2011; December 14, 2012. Purpose The purpose of the University of Louisville Tree Care plan is to facilitate