Vertical Alignment. English Language Arts and Reading. Grade 5 Reading

Transcription

1 Vertical Alignment English Language Arts and Reading Grade 5 Reading

2 Introduction Implementation of Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading, Elementary, Beginning with School Year Source: The provisions of this adopted to be effective September 4, 2008, 33 TexReg 7162; amended to be effective February 22, 2010, 35 TexReg English Language Arts and Reading, Grade 4, Beginning with School Year Implementation of Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading, Elementary, Beginning with School Year Source: The provisions of this adopted to be effective September 4, 2008, 33 TexReg 7162; amended to be effective February 22, 2010, 35 TexReg English Language Arts and Reading, Grade 5, Beginning with School Year Implementation of Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading, Middle School, Beginning with School Year Source: The provisions of this adopted to be effective September 4, 2008, 33 TexReg 7162; amended to be effective February 22, 2010, 35 TexReg English Language Arts and Reading, Grade 6, Beginning with School Year The English Language Arts and Reading Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) are organized into the following strands: Reading, where students read and understand a wide variety of literary and informational texts; Writing, where students compose a variety of written texts with a clear controlling idea, coherent organization, and sufficient detail; Research, where students are expected to know how to locate a range of relevant sources and evaluate, synthesize, and present ideas and information; Listening and Speaking, where students listen and respond to the ideas of others while contributing their own ideas in conversations and in groups; and Oral and Written Conventions, where students learn how to use the oral and written conventions of the English language in speaking and writing. The standards are cumulative-- students will continue to address earlier standards as needed while they attend to standards for their grade. In fourth grade, students will engage in activities that build on their prior knowledge and skills in order to strengthen their reading, writing, and oral language The English Language Arts and Reading Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) are organized into the following strands: Reading, where students read and understand a wide variety of literary and informational texts; Writing, where students compose a variety of written texts with a clear controlling idea, coherent organization, and sufficient detail; Research, where students are expected to know how to locate a range of relevant sources and evaluate, synthesize, and present ideas and information; Listening and Speaking, where students listen and respond to the ideas of others while contributing their own ideas in conversations and in groups; and Oral and Written Conventions, where students learn how to use the oral and written conventions of the English language in speaking and writing. The standards are cumulative-- students will continue to address earlier standards as needed while they attend to standards for their grade. In fifth grade, students will engage in activities that build on their prior knowledge and skills in order to strengthen their reading, writing, and oral language The English Language Arts and Reading Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) are organized into the following strands: Reading, where students read and understand a wide variety of literary and informational texts; Writing, where students compose a variety of written texts with a clear controlling idea, coherent organization, and sufficient detail; Research, where students are expected to know how to locate a range of relevant sources and evaluate, synthesize, and present ideas and information; Listening and Speaking, where students listen and respond to the ideas of others while contributing their own ideas in conversations and in groups; and Oral and Written Conventions, where students learn how to use the oral and written conventions of the English language in speaking and writing. The standards are cumulative-- students will continue to address earlier standards as needed while they attend to standards for their grade. In sixth grade, students will engage in activities that build on their prior knowledge and skills in order to strengthen their reading, writing, and oral language Print Date 08/14/2014 page 2 of 69

3 skills. Students should read and write on a daily basis. skills. Students should read and write on a daily basis. skills. Students should read and write on a daily basis. For students whose first language is not English, the students' native language serves as a foundation for English language acquisition. For students whose first language is not English, the students' native language serves as a foundation for English language acquisition. For students whose first language is not English, the students' native language serves as a foundation for English language acquisition. English language learners (ELLs) are acquiring English, learning content in English, and learning to read simultaneously. For this reason, it is imperative that reading instruction should be comprehensive and that students receive instruction in phonemic awareness, phonics, decoding, and word attack skills while simultaneously being taught academic vocabulary and comprehension skills and strategies. Reading instruction that enhances ELL's ability to decode unfamiliar words and to make sense of those words in context will expedite their ability to make sense of what they read and learn from reading. Additionally, developing fluency, spelling, and grammatical conventions of academic language must be done in meaningful contexts and not in isolation. English language learners (ELLs) are acquiring English, learning content in English, and learning to read simultaneously. For this reason, it is imperative that reading instruction should be comprehensive and that students receive instruction in phonemic awareness, phonics, decoding, and word attack skills while simultaneously being taught academic vocabulary and comprehension skills and strategies. Reading instruction that enhances ELL's ability to decode unfamiliar words and to make sense of those words in context will expedite their ability to make sense of what they read and learn from reading. Additionally, developing fluency, spelling, and grammatical conventions of academic language must be done in meaningful contexts and not in isolation. English language learners (ELLs) are acquiring English, learning content in English, and learning to read simultaneously. For this reason, it is imperative that reading instruction should be comprehensive and that students receive instruction in phonemic awareness, phonics, decoding, and word attack skills while simultaneously being taught academic vocabulary and comprehension skills and strategies. Reading instruction that enhances ELL's ability to decode unfamiliar words and to make sense of those words in context will expedite their ability to make sense of what they read and learn from reading. Additionally, developing fluency, spelling, and grammatical conventions of academic language must be done in meaningful contexts and not in isolation. For ELLs, comprehension of texts requires additional scaffolds to support comprehensible input. ELL students should use the knowledge of their first language (e.g., cognates) to further vocabulary development. Vocabulary needs to be taught in the context of connected discourse so that language is meaningful. ELLs must learn how rhetorical devices in English differ from those in their native language. At the same time English learners are learning in English, the focus is on academic English, concepts, and the language structures specific to the content. For ELLs, comprehension of texts requires additional scaffolds to support comprehensible input. ELL students should use the knowledge of their first language (e.g., cognates) to further vocabulary development. Vocabulary needs to be taught in the context of connected discourse so that language is meaningful. ELLs must learn how rhetorical devices in English differ from those in their native language. At the same time English learners are learning in English, the focus is on academic English, concepts, and the language structures specific to the content. For ELLs, comprehension of texts requires additional scaffolds to support comprehensible input. ELL students should use the knowledge of their first language (e.g., cognates) to further vocabulary development. Vocabulary needs to be taught in the context of connected discourse so that language is meaningful. ELLs must learn how rhetorical devices in English differ from those in their native language. At the same time English learners are learning in English, the focus is on academic English, concepts, and the language structures specific to the content. During initial stages of English development, ELLs are During initial stages of English development, ELLs are During initial stages of English development, ELLs are Print Date 08/14/2014 page 3 of 69

4 expected to meet standards in a second language that many monolingual English speakers find difficult to meet in their native language. However, English language learners' abilities to meet these standards will be influenced by their proficiency in English. While English language learners can analyze, synthesize, and evaluate, their level of English proficiency may impede their ability to demonstrate this knowledge during the initial stages of English language acquisition. It is also critical to understand that ELLs with no previous or with interrupted schooling will require explicit and strategic support as they acquire English and learn to learn in English simultaneously. expected to meet standards in a second language that many monolingual English speakers find difficult to meet in their native language. However, English language learners' abilities to meet these standards will be influenced by their proficiency in English. While English language learners can analyze, synthesize, and evaluate, their level of English proficiency may impede their ability to demonstrate this knowledge during the initial stages of English language acquisition. It is also critical to understand that ELLs with no previous or with interrupted schooling will require explicit and strategic support as they acquire English and learn to learn in English simultaneously. expected to meet standards in a second language that many monolingual English speakers find difficult to meet in their native language. However, English language learners' abilities to meet these standards will be influenced by their proficiency in English. While English language learners can analyze, synthesize, and evaluate, their level of English proficiency may impede their ability to demonstrate this knowledge during the initial stages of English language acquisition. It is also critical to understand that ELLs with no previous or with interrupted schooling will require explicit and strategic support as they acquire English and learn to learn in English simultaneously. To meet Public Education Goal 1 of the Texas Education Code, 4.002, which states, "The students in the public education system will demonstrate exemplary performance in the reading and writing of the English language," students will accomplish the essential knowledge, skills, and student expectations at Grade 4 as described in subsection (b) of this section. To meet Public Education Goal 1 of the Texas Education Code, 4.002, which states, "The students in the public education system will demonstrate exemplary performance in the reading and writing of the English language," students will accomplish the essential knowledge, skills, and student expectations at Grade 5 as described in subsection (b) of this section. To meet Public Education Goal 1 of the Texas Education Code, 4.002, which states, "The students in the public education system will demonstrate exemplary performance in the reading and writing of the English language," students will accomplish the essential knowledge, skills, and student expectations at Grade 6 as described in subsection (b) of this section. To meet Texas Education Code, (h), which states, "... each school district shall foster the continuation of the tradition of teaching United States and Texas history and the free enterprise system in regular subject matter and in reading courses and in the adoption of textbooks," students will be provided oral and written narratives as well as other informational texts that can help them to become thoughtful, active citizens who appreciate the basic democratic values of our state and nation. To meet Texas Education Code, (h), which states, "... each school district shall foster the continuation of the tradition of teaching United States and Texas history and the free enterprise system in regular subject matter and in reading courses and in the adoption of textbooks," students will be provided oral and written narratives as well as other informational texts that can help them to become thoughtful, active citizens who appreciate the basic democratic values of our state and nation. To meet Texas Education Code, (h), which states, "... each school district shall foster the continuation of the tradition of teaching United States and Texas history and the free enterprise system in regular subject matter and in reading courses and in the adoption of textbooks," students will be provided oral and written narratives as well as other informational texts that can help them to become thoughtful, active citizens who appreciate the basic democratic values of our state and nation. Print Date 08/14/2014 page 4 of 69

5 Print Date 08/14/2014 page 5 of 69

6 Reading/Fluency. 4.1 Reading/Fluency. Students read grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. Students are expected to: 5.1 Reading/Fluency. Students read grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. Students are expected to: 6.1 Reading/Fluency. Students read grade-level text with fluency and comprehension. Students are expected to: Print Date 08/14/2014 page 6 of 69

7 4.1A Read aloud grade-level stories with fluency (rate, accuracy, expression, appropriate phrasing) and comprehension. Read Aloud GRADE-LEVEL STORIES WITH FLUENCY AND COMPREHENSION Rate/Accuracy wcpm (words correct per minute) by the end of fourth grade Expression use raised and lowered voices appropriately, emphasizing words and sentences Appropriate phrasing pause appropriately with intonation by paying attention to punctuation, bold print, italics, etc. Adjust method and rate to the purpose of the assignment or material (e.g., reading a fiction selection quickly, paying attention to the plot details, or reading an informational article more slowly, noting critical concepts) Fluency the ability to read text at an appropriate rate, and with accuracy, expression, and appropriate phrasing Rate the number of words read per minute Accuracy reading words in text with no errors Note: The goal of fluency is the time (not speed) needed to ensure comprehension. 5.1A Read aloud grade-level stories with fluency (rate, accuracy, expression, appropriate phrasing) and comprehension. Read Aloud GRADE-LEVEL STORIES WITH FLUENCY AND COMPREHENSION Rate/Accuracy wcpm (words correct per minute) by the end of fifth grade Expression use raised and lowered voices appropriately, emphasizing words and sentences Appropriate phrasing pause appropriately with intonation by paying attention to punctuation, bold print, italics, etc. Adjust method and rate to the purpose of the assignment or material (e.g., reading a fiction selection quickly, paying attention to the plot details, or reading an informational article more slowly, noting critical concepts) Fluency the ability to read text at an appropriate rate, and with accuracy, expression, and appropriate phrasing Rate the number of words read per minute Accuracy reading words in text with no errors Note: The goal of fluency is the time (not speed) needed to ensure comprehension. 6.1A Adjust fluency when reading aloud grade-level text based on the reading purpose and the nature of the text. Adjust FLUENCY WHEN READING ALOUD GRADE- LEVEL TEXT BASED ON THE READING PURPOSE AND NATURE OF THE TEXT Read with appropriate rate, accuracy, phrasing, and expression to signify meaning Adjust method and rate to the purpose of the assignment or material (e.g., reading a fiction selection quickly, paying attention to the plot details, or reading an informational article more slowly, noting critical concepts) Fluency the ability to read text at an appropriate rate, and with accuracy, expression, and appropriate phrasing Print Date 08/14/2014 page 7 of 69

8 Fluency may be practiced and assessed using independent-level texts that are easy to read and understand at 95% accuracy or above (no more than 1 in 20 words are difficult for the reader). Fluency may be directly taught and modeled using instructional-level texts that are challenging, but manageable to read and understand at 90-95% accuracy (no more than 1 in 10 words are difficult for the reader). Fluency may be practiced and assessed using independent-level texts that are easy to read and understand at 95% accuracy or above (no more than 1 in 20 words are difficult for the reader). Fluency may be directly taught and modeled using instructional-level texts that are challenging, but manageable to read and understand at 90-95% accuracy (no more than 1 in 10 words are difficult for the reader). Reading/Vocabulary Development. 4.2 Reading/Vocabulary Development. Students understand new vocabulary and use it when reading and writing. Students are expected to: 5.2 Reading/Vocabulary Development. Students understand new vocabulary and use it when reading and writing. Students are expected to: 6.2 Reading/Vocabulary Development. Students understand new vocabulary and use it when reading and writing. Students are expected to: B.Understand new vocabulary and concepts and use them accurately in reading, speaking, and writing. B.Understand new vocabulary and concepts and use them accurately in reading, speaking, and writing. B.Understand new vocabulary and concepts and use them accurately in reading, speaking, and writing. 4.2A Determine the meaning of grade-level academic English words derived from Latin, Greek, or other linguistic roots and affixes. Readiness Standard Determine THE MEANING OF GRADE-LEVEL ACADEMIC ENGLISH WORDS DERIVED FROM LATIN, GREEK, OR OTHER LINGUISTIC ROOTS AND 5.2A Determine the meaning of grade-level academic English words derived from Latin, Greek, or other linguistic roots and affixes. Readiness Standard Determine THE MEANING OF GRADE-LEVEL ACADEMIC ENGLISH WORDS DERIVED FROM LATIN, GREEK, OR OTHER LINGUISTIC ROOTS AND 6.2A Determine the meaning of grade-level academic English words derived from Latin, Greek, or other linguistic roots and affixes. Readiness Standard Determine THE MEANING OF GRADE-LEVEL ACADEMIC ENGLISH WORDS DERIVED FROM LATIN, GREEK, OR OTHER LINGUISTIC ROOTS AND Print Date 08/14/2014 page 8 of 69

9 AFFIXES Possible examples: Latin e.g., audi (audience, auditory), vis (vision, invisible), dict (dictator, contradict), able, ible Greek e.g., auto (autobiography, autograph), bio (biology, biography), tele (telegraph, telepathy), meter (speedometer, perimeter, thermometer), ology, phobia Other affixes and roots as found in appropriate grade-level text in multi content areas Affix a word element, such as a prefix or suffix, that occurs before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning (e.g., the prefix un- and the suffix -able in unbelievable) Academic English words 1. words used in the learning of academic subject matter in formal educational context that are associated with literacy and academic achievement, including specific academic terms, technical language, and speech registers related to each field of study 2. words used during instruction and exams, and in textbooks These could include words that are specific to content (e.g., hyperbole, metaphor, and meter) or that are related to learning tasks (e.g., compare/contrast, differentiate, and infer). AFFIXES Possible examples: Latin e.g., rupt (rupture, eruption), port (transport, import, report), spect (spectator, inspector), ject (projection), ence, ance Greek e.g., graph (geography, photograph, graphic), photo (photosynthesis, photocopy), ism, ist Other affixes and roots as found in appropriate grade-level text in multi-content areas Affix a word element, such as a prefix or suffix, that occurs before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning (e.g., the prefix un- and the suffix -able in unbelievable) Academic English words 1. words used in the learning of academic subject matter in formal educational context that are associated with literacy and academic achievement, including specific academic terms, technical language, and speech registers related to each field of study 2. words used during instruction and exams, and in textbooks These could include words that are specific to content (e.g., hyperbole, metaphor, and meter) or that are related to learning tasks (e.g., compare/contrast, differentiate, and infer). AFFIXES Possible examples: Latin: e.g., struct (instruct, structure); tract (traction, subtraction) Greek: e.g., scope (microscope, stethoscope) Other affixes and roots as found in grade-level academic words and texts Affix a word element, such as a prefix or suffix, that occurs before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning (e.g., the prefix un- and the suffix -able in unbelievable) Academic English words 1. words used in the learning of academic subject matter in formal educational context that are associated with literacy and academic achievement, including specific academic terms, technical language, and speech registers related to each field of study 2. words used during instruction and exams, and in textbooks These could include words that are specific to content (e.g., hyperbole, metaphor, and meter) or that are related to learning tasks (e.g., compare/contrast, differentiate, and infer). Questions associated with 6.2A may refer students back to the paragraph in the passage that contains the word being assessed. Context, along with word Print Date 08/14/2014 page 9 of 69

10 Questions associated with 4.2A may refer students back to the paragraph in the passage that contains the word being assessed. Context, along with word parts, is important in determining word meaning. Refer to 4.2B for the standard addressing context clues. Questions associated with 5.2A may refer students back to the paragraph in the passage that contains the word being assessed. Context, along with word parts, is important in determining word meaning. Refer to 5.2B for the standard addressing context clues. parts, is important in determining word meaning. Refer to 6.2B for the standard addressing context clues. Students have access to dictionaries during the STAAR exam. Dictionaries can assist students in determining word meaning. Refer to 6.2E for the standard addressing dictionary skills. 4.2B Use the context of the sentence (e.g., in-sentence example or definition) to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words or multiple meaning words. Readiness Standard Use CONTEXT OF THE SENTENCE Context the words, sentences, or passages that precede or follow a specific word, sentence, or passage To determine THE MEANING OF UNFAMILIAR WORDS OR MULTIPLE MEANING WORDS Identify and use relationships among surrounding words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs Use in-sentence examples Use definitions in the sentence 5.2B Use context (e.g., in-sentence restatement) to determine or clarify the meaning of unfamiliar or multiple meaning words. Readiness Standard Use CONTEXT Context the words, sentences, or passages that precede or follow a specific word, sentence, or passage To determine or clarify THE MEANING OF UNFAMILIAR WORDS OR MULTIPLE MEANING WORDS Identify and use relationships among surrounding words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs Use in-sentence examples Use definition in the sentence 6.2B Use context (e.g., cause and effect or compare and contrast organizational text structures) to determine or clarify the meaning of unfamiliar or multiple meaning words. Readiness Standard Use CONTEXT Context the words, sentences, or passages that precede or follow a specific word, sentence, or passage To determine or clarify THE MEANING OF UNFAMILIAR OR MULTIPLE MEANING WORDS Identify and use relationships among surrounding words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs Distinguish words as multiple meaning Print Date 08/14/2014 page 10 of 69

11 Multiple meaning word a word that has more than one meaning (e.g., trunk) Use in-sentence restatement Multiple meaning word a word that has more than one meaning (e.g., trunk) Use examples within the sentence Use definition in the sentence Use restatement within the sentence Use organizational text structure, examples include: Cause and effect Sequential order Order of importance Description Compare and contrast Logical order Classification scheme Position-and-support Problem-and-solution Multiple meaning word a word that has more than one meaning (e.g., trunk) Students have access to dictionaries during the STAAR exam. Dictionaries can assist students in determining word meaning. Refer to 6.2E for the standard addressing dictionary skills. However, students should consider the dictionary definitions in conjunction with contextual meaning. 4.2C Complete analogies using knowledge of antonyms and synonyms (e.g., boy:girl as male: or girl:woman as boy: ). Complete ANALOGIES USING KNOWLEDGE OF ANTONYMS AND SYNONYMS 5.2C Produce analogies with known antonyms and synonyms. Produce ANALOGIES WITH KNOWN ANTONYMS AND SYNONYMS Examples: 6.2C Complete analogies that describe part to whole or whole to part (e.g., ink:pen as page: or pen:ink as book: ). Complete ANALOGIES THAT DESCRIBE PART TO WHOLE OR WHOLE TO PART Print Date 08/14/2014 page 11 of 69

12 Examples: Boy:girl as male:female (antonym) Girl:woman as boy:man (synonym) Analogy a vocabulary exercise in which an association between a concept and its attribute is present (e.g., hot:cold as north: ) Boy:girl as male:female (antonym) Girl:woman as boy:man (synonym) Analogy a vocabulary exercise in which an association between a concept and its attribute is present (e.g., hot:cold as north: ) Examples: Ink is to pen as page is to book (part to whole) Pen is to ink as book is to page (whole to part) Analogy a vocabulary exercise in which an association between a concept and its attribute is present (e.g., hot:cold as north:.) 4.2D Identify the meaning of common idioms. Identify THE MEANING OF COMMON IDIOMS Idiom an expression that has a different meaning from the literal meaning of its individual words (e.g., have the upper hand or under the weather). Idioms are particular to a given language and usually cannot be translated literally. Possible examples: Eat like a bird Fit as a fiddle Finding a needle in a haystack A breathe of fresh air 5.2D Identify and explain the meaning of common idioms, adages, and other sayings. Identify, Explain THE MEANING OF COMMON IDIOMS, ADAGES, AND OTHER SAYINGS Idiom an expression that has a different meaning from the literal meaning of its individual words (e.g., have the upper hand or under the weather). Idioms are particular to a given language and usually cannot be translated literally. Possible examples: Off the top of my head Green thumb I m all ears Get cold feet 6.2D Explain the meaning of foreign words and phrases commonly used in written English (e.g., RSVP, que sera sera). Explain THE MEANING OF FOREIGN WORDS AND PHRASES COMMONLY USED IN WRITTEN ENGLISH RSVP Que sera sera Other possible examples: Bon voyage Cul de sac Others as found in grade-appropriate texts Adage a short but memorable saying that holds some important fact considered true by many people (e.g., Don t judge a book by its cover.) Print Date 08/14/2014 page 12 of 69

13 Possible examples: An apple a day keeps the doctor away. The grass is always greener on the other side. The best things in life are free. Look before you leap. 4.2E Use a dictionary or glossary to determine the meanings, syllabication, and pronunciation of unknown words. Readiness Standard Use A DICTIONARY OR GLOSSARY To determine THE MEANINGS, SYLLABICATION, AND PRONUNCIATION OF UNKNOWN WORDS Use guide words and/or knowledge of alphabetical order to locate words Use the given syllabication and the phonetic symbols to pronounce unknown words Read the definition(s) and determine the meaning of the word (using context as applicable) Syllabication forming or dividing words into syllables 5.2E Use a dictionary, a glossary, or a thesaurus (printed or electronic) to determine the meanings, syllabication, pronunciations, alternate word choices, and parts of speech of words. Readiness Standard Use A DICTIONARY, A GLOSSARY, OR A THESAURUS (PRINTED OR ELECTRONIC) To determine MEANINGS, SYLLABICATION, PRONUNCIATIONS, ALTERNATIVE WORD CHOICES, PARTS OF SPEECH OF WORDS Use guide words and/or knowledge of alphabetical order to locate words in print resources; use search features to find words in electronic resources Use the given syllabication and the phonetic symbols to pronounce unknown words Read the definition(s) and determine the 6.2E Use a dictionary, a glossary, or a thesaurus (printed or electronic) to determine the meanings, syllabication, pronunciations, alternate word choices, and parts of speech of words. Readiness Standard Use A DICTIONARY, A GLOSSARY, OR A THESAURUS (PRINTED OR ELECTRONIC) To determine MEANINGS, SYLLABICATION, PRONUNCIATIONS, ALTERNATIVE WORD CHOICES, PARTS OF SPEECH OF WORDS Use guide words and/or knowledge of alphabetical order to locate words in print resources; use search features to find words in electronic resources Use the given syllabication and the phonetic symbols to pronounce unknown words Read the definition(s) and determine the Print Date 08/14/2014 page 13 of 69

14 Pronunciation the manner in which someone utters a word Questions associated with 4.2E may refer students back to the paragraph in the passage that contains the word being assessed. Context, along with dictionary skills, is important in determining word meaning. Refer to 4.2B for the standard addressing context clues. meaning of the word (using context as applicable) Locate synonyms or alternate word choices Determine the appropriate part of speech using context if applicable Syllabication forming or dividing words into syllables Pronunciation the manner in which someone utters a word Part of speech e.g., noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, conjunction, appositive, interjection Questions associated with 5.2E may refer students back to the paragraph in the passage that contains the word being assessed. Context, along with dictionary skills, is important in determining word meaning. Refer to 5.2B for the standard addressing context clues. meaning of the word (using context as applicable) Locate synonyms or alternate word choices Determine the appropriate part of speech using context if applicable Syllabication forming or dividing words into syllables Pronunciation the manner in which someone utters a word Part of speech e.g., noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, conjunction, appositive, interjection Questions associated with 6.2E may refer students back to the paragraph in the passage that contains the word being assessed. Context, along with dictionary skills, is important in determining word meaning. Refer to 6.2B for the standard addressing context clues. Reading/Comprehension Skills. 4.Fig19 Reading/Comprehension Skills. Students use a flexible range of metacognitive reading skills in both assigned and independent reading to understand an author s message. Students will continue to apply earlier standards with greater depth in increasingly more complex texts as they become self-directed, critical readers. The student is expected to: 5.Fig19 Reading/Comprehension Skills. Students use a flexible range of metacognitive reading skills in both assigned and independent reading to understand an author s message. Students will continue to apply earlier standards with greater depth in increasingly more complex texts as they become self-directed, critical readers. The student is expected to: 6.Fig19 Reading/Comprehension Skills. Students use a flexible range of metacognitive reading skills in both assigned and independent reading to understand an author s message. Students will continue to apply earlier standards with greater depth in increasingly more complex texts as they become self-directed, critical readers. The student is expected to: Print Date 08/14/2014 page 14 of 69

15 D.Academic behaviors D.Academic behaviors D.Academic behaviors A.Reading across the curriculum A.Reading across the curriculum A.Reading across the curriculum 4.Fig19A Establish purposes for reading selected texts based upon own or others desired outcome to enhance comprehension. Establish PURPOSES FOR READING SELECTED TEXTS BASED UPON OWN AND OTHERS DESIRED OUTCOME TO ENHANCE COMPREHENSION Possible examples: To learn To interpret or follow directions To solve problems For enjoyment 5.Fig19A Establish purposes for reading selected texts based upon own or others desired outcome to enhance comprehension. Establish PURPOSES FOR READING SELECTED TEXTS BASED UPON OWN AND OTHERS DESIRED OUTCOME TO ENHANCE COMPREHENSION Possible examples: To learn To interpret or follow directions To solve problems For enjoyment 4.Fig19B Ask literal, interpretive, and evaluative questions of text. Ask LITERAL, INTERPRETIVE, AND EVALUATIVE QUESTIONS OF TEXT Before, during, and after reading Literal question knowledge level, fact based 5.Fig19B Ask literal, interpretive, evaluative, and universal questions of text. Ask LITERAL, INTERPRETIVE, EVALUATIVE, AND UNIVERSAL QUESTIONS OF TEXT Before, during, and after reading Literal question knowledge level, fact based Print Date 08/14/2014 page 15 of 69

16 question (e.g., who, what, when, where, why, and how questions), questions asked for clarification Interpretive question may have more than one answer and requires that the answer(s) be supported with evidence from the text (e.g., What does this mean?) Evaluative question asks for an opinion, a belief, or a point of view. Responses may represent different perspectives and should be supported with evidence from the text. (e.g., Do you agree or disagree? What do you feel about this? What do you believe about this? What is your opinion about this?) question (e.g., who, what, when, where, why, and how questions), questions asked for clarification Interpretive question may have more than one answer and requires that the answer(s) be supported with evidence from the text (e.g., What does this mean?) Evaluative question asks for an opinion, a belief, or a point of view. Responses may represent different perspectives and should be supported with evidence from the text. (e.g., Do you agree or disagree? What do you feel about this? What do you believe about this? What is your opinion about this?) Universal question an open ended question that is raised by ideas in the text and transcend social and cultural boundaries and speak to a common human experience (e.g., What does the character believe in? What is the main character willing to fight for? How does this story give you a better understanding of human nature?) 4.Fig19C Monitor and adjust comprehension (e.g., using background knowledge, creating sensory images, rereading a portion aloud, generating questions). Monitor, Adjust COMPREHENSION Use background knowledge Create sensory images (images created by 5.Fig19C Monitor and adjust comprehension (e.g., using background knowledge, creating sensory images, rereading a portion aloud, generating questions). Monitor, Adjust COMPREHENSION Use background knowledge Create sensory images (images created by Print Date 08/14/2014 page 16 of 69

17 using the five senses sight, smell, sound, touch, taste) Re-read a portion aloud Use contextual clues (refer to 4.2B) Generate literal, interpretive, and evaluative questions (refer to 4.Fig19B) Ask for help using the five senses- sight, smell, sound, touch, taste) Re-read a portion aloud Use contextual clues (refer to 5.2B) Generate literal, interpretive, evaluative, and universal questions (refer to 5.Fig19B) Ask for help 4.Fig19D Make inferences about text using textual evidence to support understanding. Readiness Standard (Fiction) (Literary Nonfiction, Poetry, and Drama) Make INFERENCES ABOUT TEXT Literary Text (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, literary nonfiction) Structural elements Literary elements Sensory language Figurative language Purpose of elements and language in sections of text and/or specific sentences Note: Refer to the specificity of the Knowledge and Skills Statements for each literary genre for additional information on inferring in each type of literary text. Informational Text (e.g., expository, persuasive, embedded procedural text/graphics) 5.Fig19D Make inferences about text using textual evidence to support understanding. Readiness Standard (Fiction, Expository) (Literary Nonfiction, Poetry, and Drama, Persuasive) Make INFERENCES ABOUT TEXT Literary Text (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, literary nonfiction) Structural elements Literary elements Sensory language Figurative language Purpose of elements and language in sections of text and/or specific sentences Note: Refer to the specificity of the Knowledge and Skills Statements for each literary genre for additional information on inferring in each type of literary text. Informational Text (e.g., expository, persuasive, embedded procedural text/graphics) Print Date 08/14/2014 page 17 of 69

18 Purpose of informational text Main idea of whole texts and sections of texts Details that support the central idea or controlling idea Note: Refer to the specificity of the Knowledge and Skills Statements for each informational genre for additional information on inferring in each type of informational text. Inference a logical guess made by connecting bits of information. Readers make inferences by drawing conclusions, making generalizations, and making predictions. Drawing conclusions a form of inference in which the reader gathers information, considers the general thoughts or ideas that emerge from the information, and comes to a decision. The conclusion is generally based on more than one piece of information. Use TEXTUAL EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT UNDERSTANDING Textual evidence specific details or facts found in the text that support what is inferred Purpose of informational text Main idea of whole texts and sections of texts Details that support the central idea or controlling idea Note: Refer to the specificity of the Knowledge and Skills Statements for each informational genre for additional information on inferring in each type of informational text. Inference a logical guess made by connecting bits of information. Readers make inferences by drawing conclusions, making generalizations, and making predictions. Drawing conclusions a form of inference in which the reader gathers information, considers the general thoughts or ideas that emerge from the information, and comes to a decision. The conclusion is generally based on more than one piece of information. Use TEXTUAL EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT UNDERSTANDING Textual evidence specific details or facts found in the text that support what is inferred 4.Fig19E Summarize information in text, maintaining meaning and logical order. Readiness Standard (Fiction) (Literary Nonfiction, Poetry, and Drama) 5.Fig19E Summarize and paraphrase texts in ways that maintain meaning and logical order within a text and across texts. Readiness Standard (Fiction, Expository) (Literary Nonfiction, Poetry, Print Date 08/14/2014 page 18 of 69

19 Summarize INFORMATION IN TEXT, MAINTAINING MEANING AND LOGICAL ORDER Brief, coherent sentences that communicate the key information, ideas, or events in logical order Main ideas from the beginning, middle, and end Summarize to reduce large sections of text to their essential points and main idea. Note: It is still important to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Students may be required to summarize in multiple genres, including drama, literary nonfiction, expository text, and fiction. and Drama, Persuasive) Summarize, Paraphrase TEXTS IN WAYS THAT MAINTAIN MEANING AND LOGICAL ORDER WITHIN A TEXT AND ACROSS TEXTS Brief, coherent sentences that communicate the key information, ideas, or events in logical order Main ideas from the beginning, middle, and end Summarize to reduce large sections of text to their essential points and main idea. Note: It is still important to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Paraphrase restate the meaning of something in different words. Paraphrasing alters the exact wording of the source and transmits its ideas or information without evaluation or interpretation. Students may be required to summarize in multiple genres, including drama, literary nonfiction, expository text, and fiction. 4.Fig19F Make connections (e.g., thematic links, author analysis) between literary and informational texts with similar ideas and provide textual evidence. Readiness Standard Make 5.Fig19F Make connections (e.g., thematic links, author analysis) between and across multiple texts of various genres and provide textual evidence. Readiness Standard Make Print Date 08/14/2014 page 19 of 69

20 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN LITERARY AND INFORMATIONAL TEXTS WITH SIMILAR IDEAS Thematic links Author analysis Similarities and differences in: ideas details purpose Thematic link a logical connection made between or among texts that share similar themes Possible literary genres: Fiction Literary nonfiction Poetry Drama Possible informational genres: Expository Persuasive Procedural Provide TEXTUAL EVIDENCE Textual evidence specific details or facts found in text that support what is inferred CONNECTIONS BETWEEN AND ACROSS MULTIPLE TEXTS OF VARIOUS GENRES Thematic links Author analysis Similarities and differences in: ideas details purpose Thematic link a logical connection made between or among texts that share similar themes Possible literary genres: Fiction Literary nonfiction Poetry Drama Possible informational genres: Expository Persuasive Procedural Provide TEXTUAL EVIDENCE Textual evidence specific details or facts found in text that support what is inferred 6.Fig19A Establish purposes for reading selected texts Print Date 08/14/2014 page 20 of 69

21 based upon own or others desired outcome to enhance comprehension. Establish PURPOSES FOR READING SELECTED TEXTS BASED UPON OWN AND OTHERS DESIRED OUTCOME TO ENHANCE COMPREHENSION Possible examples: To learn To interpret or follow directions To solve problems For enjoyment 6.Fig19B Ask literal, interpretive, evaluative, and universal questions of text. Ask LITERAL, INTERPRETIVE, EVALUATIVE, AND UNIVERSAL QUESTIONS OF TEXT Before, during, and after reading Literal question knowledge level, fact based question (e.g., who, what, when, where, why, and how questions), questions asked for clarification Interpretive question may have more than one answer and requires that the answer(s) be supported with evidence from the text (e.g., What does this mean?) Evaluative question asks for an opinion, a belief, Print Date 08/14/2014 page 21 of 69

22 or a point of view. Responses may represent different perspectives and should be supported with evidence from the text. (e.g., Do you agree or disagree? What do you feel about this? What do you believe about this? What is your opinion about this?) Universal question an open ended question that is raised by ideas in the text and transcend social and cultural boundaries and speak to a common human experience (e.g., What does the character believe in? What is the main character willing to fight for? How does this story give you a better understanding of human nature?) 6.Fig19C Monitor and adjust comprehension (e.g., using background knowledge; creating sensory images; rereading a portion aloud; generating questions. Monitor, Adjust COMPREHENSION Use background knowledge Create sensory images (images created by using the five senses- sight, smell, sound, touch, taste) Re-read a portion aloud Use contextual clues (refer to 6.2B) Generate literal, interpretive, evaluative, and universal questions (refer to 6.Fig19B) Ask for help Print Date 08/14/2014 page 22 of 69

23 6.Fig19D Make inferences about text and use textual evidence to support understanding. Readiness Standard (Fiction, Expository) (Literary Nonfiction, Poetry, and Drama, Persuasive) Make INFERENCES ABOUT TEXT Literary Text (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, literary nonfiction) Structural elements Literary elements Sensory language Figurative language Purpose of elements and language in sections of text and/or specific sentences Note: Refer to the specificity of the Knowledge and Skills Statements for each literary genre for additional information on inferring in each type of literary text. Informational Text (e.g., expository, persuasive, embedded procedural text/graphics) Purpose of informational text Main idea of whole texts and sections of texts Details that support the central idea or controlling idea Note: Refer to the specificity of the Knowledge and Skills Statements for each informational genre for Print Date 08/14/2014 page 23 of 69

24 additional information on inferring in each type of informational text. Inference a logical guess made by connecting bits of information. Readers make inferences by drawing conclusions, making generalizations, and making predictions. Drawing conclusions a form of inference in which the reader gathers information, considers the general thoughts or ideas that emerge from the information, and comes to a decision. The conclusion is generally based on more than one piece of information. Use TEXTUAL EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT UNDERSTANDING Textual evidence specific details or facts found in the text that support what is inferred 6.Fig19E Summarize, paraphrase, and synthesize texts in ways that maintain meaning and logical order within a text and across texts. Readiness Standard (Fiction, Expository) (Literary Nonfiction, Poetry, and Drama, Persuasive) Summarize, Paraphrase, Synthesize TEXTS IN WAYS THAT MAINTAIN MEANING AND LOGICAL ORDER WITHIN A TEXT AND ACROSS TEXTS Summary includes, but is not limited to: Print Date 08/14/2014 page 24 of 69

25 Brief, coherent sentences that communicate the key information, ideas, or events in logical order Main ideas from the beginning, middle, and end Summarize to reduce large sections of text to their essential points and main idea. Note: It is still important to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Paraphrase restate the meaning of something in different words. Paraphrasing alters the exact wording of the source and transmits its ideas or information without evaluation or interpretation. Synthesize combine elements and parts to form a coherent whole Students may be required to summarize in multiple genres, including drama, literary nonfiction, expository text, and fiction. 6.Fig19F Make connections (e.g., thematic links, author analysis) between and across multiple texts of various genres, and provide textual evidence. Readiness Standard Make CONNECTIONS BETWEEN AND ACROSS MULTIPLE TEXTS OF VARIOUS GENRES Print Date 08/14/2014 page 25 of 69

26 Thematic links Author analysis Similarities and differences in: ideas details purpose Thematic link a logical connection made between or among texts that share similar themes Possible literary genres: Fiction Literary nonfiction Poetry Drama Possible informational genres: Expository Persuasive Procedural Provide TEXTUAL EVIDENCE Textual evidence specific details or facts found in text that support what is inferred Reading/Comprehension of Literary Text/Theme and Genre. 4.3 Reading/Comprehension of Literary Text/Theme 5.3 Reading/Comprehension of Literary Text/Theme 6.3 Reading/Comprehension of Literary Text/Theme Print Date 08/14/2014 page 26 of 69

27 and Genre. Students analyze, make inferences and draw conclusions about theme and genre in different cultural, historical, and contemporary contexts and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Students are expected to: Analyze, Make inferences, Draw conclusions ABOUT THEME IN DIFFERENT, CULTURAL, HISTORICAL, AND CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS Including but not limited to: Determine the theme in various literary genres (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, literary nonfiction) Analyze, Make inferences, Draw conclusions ABOUT GENRE IN DIFFERENT, CULTURAL, HISTORICAL, AND CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS Including but not limited to: Distinguish characteristics of various genres (e.g., biography based on real life experiences, realistic fiction events that take place could happen) Provide EVIDENCE FROM TEXT TO SUPPORT UNDERSTANDING This Knowledge and Skills Statement may be assessed with Figure 19D. and Genre. Students analyze, make inferences and draw conclusions about theme and genre in different cultural, historical, and contemporary contexts and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Students are expected to: Analyze, Make inferences, Draw conclusions ABOUT THEME IN DIFFERENT, CULTURAL, HISTORICAL, AND CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS Including but not limited to: Determine the theme in various literary genres (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, literary nonfiction) Analyze, Make inferences, Draw conclusions ABOUT GENRE IN DIFFERENT, CULTURAL, HISTORICAL, AND CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS Including but not limited to: Distinguish characteristics of various genres (e.g., biography based on real life experiences, realistic fiction events that take place could happen) Provide EVIDENCE FROM TEXT TO SUPPORT UNDERSTANDING This Knowledge and Skills Statement may be assessed with Figure 19D. and Genre. Students analyze, make inferences and draw conclusions about theme and genre in different cultural, historical, and contemporary contexts and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Students are expected to: Analyze, Make inferences, Draw conclusions ABOUT THEME IN DIFFERENT CULTURAL, HISTORICAL, AND CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS Determine the theme in various literary genres (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, literary nonfiction) Analyze, Make inferences, Draw conclusions ABOUT GENRE IN DIFFERENT CULTURAL, HISTORICAL, AND CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS Distinguish characteristics of various genres Provide EVIDENCE FROM THE TEXT TO SUPPORT THEIR UNDERSTANDING This Knowledge and Skills Statement may be assessed with Figure 19D. Print Date 08/14/2014 page 27 of 69