( biomass) ric method) ( Gravimetric method) (Biochemical method) [7 ] (abundance, ind m - 3 ) Chinese Journal of Ecology 2003,22 (3) :79 83

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1 Chinese Journal of Ecology 2003,22 (3) : , ( 1, ; 2, ) 1 4 :(Body2sized counting estimation) (Volu2 metric) ( Gravimetric), (Biochemical analysis),,, :S181 :A : (2003) Measuring methods of marine zooplankton biomass. ZUO Tao 1,2, WAN G Rong 1 ( 1 Institute of O2 ceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao , China ; 2 ( Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China). Chinese Journal of Ecology,2003,22 (3) : The determination of the zooplankton biomass is the most essential part of the research on marine e2 cology. There are a wide variety of biomass measurements. According to the principles of these methods, four types can be classified : body2sized counting estimation, volumetric, gravimetric, bio2 chemical analysis. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods were also dis2 cussed. Key words zooplankton, biomass, measuring method. ( biomass) (Body2sized counting estimation) ( Volumet2 ric method) ( Gravimetric method) (Biochemical method) [7 ] 2,,,,,, 2 m, ( ),, [7 ],,,,,,,,,,,,,, (abundance, ind m - 3 ), ( ), 3, 3 ( G ) 3 3 : , :

2 ,, (Biovol2 ume, BV),, ml m - 3,mm 3 m - 3 (settled volume, SV) ( displacement volume, DV) (morphological volume estimation),,,,, (length2weight empirical for2 mula estimation) 311, (BV) = n S i D [1 ] 24 h,, i = 1 (SV),SV, :, (400 ),, ;,, ( ), [7 ] ;,, [12 ] :, ( SV 200 ) ( ) ; 312, W, = al b (W,L, InW = Ina + binl),,,,,,, (DV),, ( ),,, [4 6,13 ], [1,10,17 ] DV SV,,,,, 313 [7,17 ],,,, [1 ], 31311,, : n, V 4 n = i = 1 W i H i D i + d 2 l, l, d,,, H [1 ],,,, :, ( 16 m),,, S 1 S n, D,,, [17 ],,

3 : 81,,,,, [2,3,6 ], [3 ],, 4, mg m - 3, g m - 3,, : (live mass, LM) (fresh mass,fm) (wet mass,wm) ( dry mass, DM ) ( ash2free dry mass,afdm) [7 ] 411,,,,, 412,,,,, ( ),,, 413 ( ),,,,, 20 % 30 % [12 ] ;,,, 20 % [5 ],,,,, 414, 60, 500 4h,,,,,,, ( ) [8,18 ],,,,,,,,,, [11 ] 5,,

4 ,,, ( Elements anal2 ysis), C N P ; (Organic components analysis),, ; ( Energy content analysis), A TP (Adenosine triphosphate, ) [7 ] 511, C N P, C, C, N, P, 40 % C, 10 % N H, P 1 % [15,16 ],, 512,,,,,, C N P C N [9 ] C N,,C N 319, 317, 318, C N [17 ] 513,,,,,,1mg J mg - 1 [14 ],,, A TP A TP, A TP,, A TP,, [7 ],,, C N,,,, (Optical Plankton Counter, OPC),, [1 ],, II. [J ].,14 (5) : [ 2 ] Bode A, et al Estimation of mesozooplankton biomass in a coastal upwelling area off NW Spain [J ]. J. Plankton Res., 20 (5) : [3 ] Bird DF, Prairie YT Practical guidelines for the use of zooplankton length2weight regression equations [J ]. J. Plankton Res.,7 (6) : [ 4 ] Christou ED,Verriopoulos GC Length,weight and condi2 tion factor of Acartia clausi (Copepoda) in the eastern Mediter2

5 : 83 ranean [J ]. J. M ar. Biol. Assoc. U. K.,73 (2) : [ 5 ] Darren R,Clanr K, et al Zooplankton abundance and com2 munity structure over a 4000 km transect in the north2east At2 lantic [J ]. J. Plankton Res.,23 (4) : [6 ] Geller W, Mueller H Seasonal variability in the relation2 ship between body length and individual dry weight as related to food abundance and clutch size in two coexisting Daphnia species [J ]. J. Plankton Res.,7 (1) :1 18. [ 7 ] Harris RP, et al Zooplankton Methodology Manual[ M ]. San Diego,California,USA :Academic Press, [8 ] Hirota R Dry weight and chemical composition of the im2 portant zooplankton in the Setanaikai ( Inland Sea of Japan) [J ]. B ull. Plankton Soc. Jap.,28 (1) : [9 ] Ikeda T Nutritional ecology of marine zooplankton [J ]. Mem. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido U niv.,22 (1) :1 88. [ 10 ] F a rber2lorda J Length2weight relationships and coeffi2 cient of condition of Euphausia superba and Thysanoessa macrura (Crustacea : Euphausiacea ) in southwest Indian Ocean during summer[j ]. M ar. Biol.,118 (4) : [11 ] Nagao N, et al High ash content in net2plankton samples from shallow coastal water :possible source of error in dry weight measurement of zooplankton biomass[j ]. J. Oceanogr.,57 (2) : [12 ] Omori M Some factors affecting dry weight,organic weight and concentration of carbon and nitrogen in freshly prepared an in preserved zooplankton[j ]. Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol.,63 (3) : [ 13 ] Kankaala P,Johansson S The influence of individual varia2 tion on length2biomass regressions in three crustacean zooplank2 ton species[j ]. J. Plankton Res.,8 (6) : [ 14 ] Prus T Calorific value of animals as an element of bioener2 getical investigations [J ]. Pol. A rch. Hydrobiol.,17 (2) : [15 ] Schneider G Carbon and nitrogen content of marine zoo2 plankton dry material :a short review [J ]. Plankton Newsletter, 11 (1) :4 7. [ 16 ] Schneider G Phosphorus content of marine zooplankton dry material and some consequences :a short review [J ]. Plank2 ton Newsletter,12 (1) : [17 ] Uye SI Length2weight relationships of important zooplankton from the Inland Sea of Japan[J ]. J. Oceanogr. Soc. Jap.,28 (3) : [18 ] Wiebes PH Functional regression equations for zooplank2 ton displacement volume,wet weight,dry weight,and carbon. A correction[j ]. Fish. B ull.,86 (4) : :,,1976,, :,,,,,, 2003,,,,,, : 72, : : E - mail : ac. cn : : :

Title. Euphausia superba. Author. Sophia Erb

Title. Euphausia superba. Author. Sophia Erb Title Using geometric probability to compare the random and actual mating success of Atlantic Krill, Euphausia superba Author Sophia Erb Abstract Currently the most abundant species on Earth, Atlantic