A n t h r o p o g e n i c P r e s s u r e o n C o a s t a l z o n e s
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1 A n t h r o p o g e n i c P r e s s u r e o n C o a s t a l z o n e s Copernicus for Coastal Zone Management Copernicus EU Copernicus EU Copernicus EU
2 I n t r o d u c t i o n o f p r o b l e m User Uptake Almost half of European population lives on coastal areas
3 I n t r o d u c t i o n o f p r o b l e m User Uptake High impact on the natural evolution of coastline Natural erosion of coastline become a problem Impact on houses, economic activities and infrastractures
4 M o n i t o r i n g t h e c h a n g e s User Uptake In order to understand the threats on coastal areas is important to monitor the evolution of urbanization in those areas Use case 1: The Italian Imperviousness layer at 5/10 m spatial resolution for monitoring changes in sensible zones Use case 2: Coastal anthropogenic pressure indicator for urban planner and coastal manager
5 User Uptake USE CASE 1
6 I t a l i a n d o w n s t r e a m a t 5 / 1 0 m User Uptake A very high resolution Imperviousness layer was product for Italy (2012, 2015) Spatial resolution of 5 m for 2012 and 10 m for 2015 (Sentinel-2 data used) Product for Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research
7 T h e I t a l i a n 5 m r e s o l u t i o n i m p e r v i o u s n e s s l a y e r User Uptake With respect to the European scale (20 m), the better spatial resolution data allowed the classification of minor sealed soil elements (including small road and railway network) Rome
8 C o m p a r i s o n H R L a n d 5 m l a y e r User Uptake EEA imperviousness layer 5 m imperviousness layer (the specifications are similar but not the same)
9 A n a l y s i s o f c h a n g e s User Uptake The changes on sensible coastal areas (300 m from coastline in Italy) New impervious areas in sensible zone
10 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Basemap Zoom Impervious areas Cloud areas
11 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Basemap Zoom Impervious areas Cloud areas
12 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Coastal buffer (300 m) Resampled 10 m Impervious areas Cloud areas
13 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Coastal buffer (300 m) Resampled 10 m Impervious areas Cloud areas
14 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Coastal buffer (300 m) Built-up map 2015 Impervious areas Cloud areas
15 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Coastal buffer (300 m) Built-up map 2015 Impervious areas Cloud areas
16 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Coastal buffer (300 m) Built-up map 2012 Change map Impervious areas Cloud areas
17 Built-up map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Coastal buffer (300 m) Built-up map 2012 Change map Impervious areas Cloud areas
18 Change map m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Built-up map 2012 Built-up map 2015 Sentinel-2 image New impervious areas Unchanged impervious areas
19 Sentinel 2-10 m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Built-up map 2012 Built-up map 2015 Sentinel 2 + maps Basemap + maps Change image Quit
20 Sentinel 2-10 m spatial resolution Copernicus Sicily map Built-up map 2012 Built-up map 2015 Sentinel 2 Basemap + maps Change image 2012 impervious areas 2016 impervious areas Quit
21 Copernicus Sicily map Built-up map 2012 Built-up map 2015 Sentinel 2 Sentinel 2 + maps Change image 2012 impervious areas 2016 impervious areas Quit
22 User Uptake USE CASE 2
23 I n t r o d u c t i o n o f p r o b l e m User Uptake Homogeneous time series of thirty part input data allow a consistent estimation of the human impact through the years for an independent evaluation of them
24 I n t r o d u c t i o n o f u s e c a s e User Uptake Aim of indicator To quantify the urbanization on coastal areas It provides a measurement of the impact of the urbanization on coastal areas It provides information useful for urban planner and coastal manager
25 D e s c r i p t i o n User Uptake 3 buffer areas are defined from coastline 300 m 1 km 10 km
26 D e s c r i p t i o n User Uptake To compute the amount of impervious areas in these buffer zones for the entire region and for the administrative units (provinces)
27 I n p u t D a t a User Uptake HLR Imperviousness Time series Shapefile of administrative units HLR Imperviousness degree HLR Imperviousness degree HLR Imperviousness degree
28 T o o l u s e d User Uptake Any good GIS Software
29 D e m o n s t r a t i o n User Uptake Interactive ppt
30 HRL Imperviousness m spatial resolution Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Zoom Step 1 - Recode
31 HRL Imperviousness m spatial resolution Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Zoom Step 1 - Recode
32 HRL Imperviousness m spatial resolution Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Zoom Step 1 - Recode
33 Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Sicilian Map 2006 Step 1 - Recode HRL Imperviousness 2006
34 Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Sicilian Map 2006 Step 1 - Recode HRL Imperviousness 2009
35 Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Sicilian Map 2006 Step 1 - Recode HRL Imperviousness 2012
36 STEP 1 Recode HRL Imperviousness to have Built-up map Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Zoom
37 HRL Imperviousness m spatial resolution Copernicus HRL Imperv HRL Imperv Zoom
38 Built-up map 2006 Copernicus Built-up map 2009 Built-up map 2012 Step 2
39 Built-up map 2009 Copernicus Built-up map 2006 Built-up map 2012 Step 2
40 Built-up map 2012 Copernicus Built-up map 2006 Built-up map 2009 Step 2
41 Shapefile region Copernicus Create buffer zones
42 Copernicus
43 Copernicus Erase buffer
44 Copernicus
45 Copernicus 1 km buffer 10 km buffer All buffers Step m buffer area
46 Copernicus 300 m buffer 10 km buffer All buffers Step 3 1 km buffer area
47 Copernicus 300 m buffer 1 km buffer All buffers Step 3 10 km buffer area
48 Copernicus 300 m buffer 1 km buffer 10 km buffer Step 3 All buffer areas
49 Copernicus Zonal statistics
50 Copernicus
51 2006 Copernicus Provincial analysis Legend 0 1 prov300 Sicily_x_visualization Percentage of impervious areas respect Regionthe total area of the buffer 0-10% 10,1-25% 25,1-35% 35,1-45% 45,1-50% 06_sicily_only_buffer10km 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Regional percentage of built-up series by coastal buffers m 1 km 10 km
52 2009 Copernicus Provincial analysis Legend 0 1 prov300 Sicily_x_visualization Percentage of impervious areas respect Regionthe total area of the buffer 0-10% 10,1-25% 25,1-35% 35,1-45% 45,1-50% 06_sicily_only_buffer10km 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Regional percentage of built-up series by coastal buffers m 1 km 10 km
53 2012 Copernicus Provincial analysis Legend 0 1 prov300 Sicily_x_visualization Percentage of impervious areas respect Regionthe total area of the buffer 0-10% 10,1-25% 25,1-35% 35,1-45% 45,1-50% 06_sicily_only_buffer10km 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Regional percentage of built-up series by coastal buffers m 1 km 10 km
54 Sicilian provinces and built-up map 2006 Copernicus Create new buffers
55 Sicilian provinces and built-up map 2006 Copernicus
56 Copernicus Analysis results
57 2006 Copernicus Quit 10 km buffer km buffer Legend Built-up percentage by provinces and coastal buffer % 10-20% 20-30% 30-40% 40-50% m buffer
58 2009 Copernicus Quit 10 km buffer km buffer Legend Built-up percentage by provinces and coastal buffer % 10-20% 20-30% 30-40% 40-50% m buffer
59 2012 Copernicus Quit 10 km buffer km buffer Legend Built-up percentage by provinces and coastal buffer % 10-20% 20-30% 30-40% 40-50% m buffer
60 User Uptake Thank you
61 C o a s t a l p o l l u t i o n Copernicus for Coastal Zone Management Copernicus EU Copernicus EU Copernicus EU
62 I N T R O D U C T I O N User Uptake Main responses from a multinational sample of 10 countries (n=10,106) to a qualitative question that asked individuals to state the three main marine environment matters. Frequency of responses is illustrated by the size of the text, with pollution noted most often reproduced from Buckley and Pinnegar (2011) 2
63 User Uptake F A C T S Operational forecast of oil spill drift (examples: Witoil, MEDESS, Poseidon) Hazard mapping for operational oil spills Plastic debris drift modeling 3
64 C M E M S M e d - M F C d a t a User Uptake Ocean currents (hourly forecasts, daily analyses) for calculation of the oil spill and plastic transport Sea surface temperature (hourly forecasts, daily analyses) for calculation of the oil weathering Mediterranean Sea physics as boundary conditions for nesting a highresolution model (Adriatic Forecasting System AFS)
65 D a t a : h o w t o d o w n l o a d t h e p r o d u c t User Uptake Online catalogue on Select the area of interest and the parameter
66 User Uptake D a t a : h o w t o d o w n l o a d t h e p r o d u c t Download the product with the user interface
67 User Uptake O p e r a t i o n a l f o r e c a s t o f o i l s p i l l : m e t h o d o l o g y O c e a n C u r r e n t s h o u r l y f o r e c a s t s, d a i l y a n a l y s e s 1 / 1 6 x 1 / 1 6 h o r i z o n t a l r e s o l u t i o n MEDSLIK-II O i l S p i l l f o r e c a s t A t m o s p h e r i c w i n d 6 h r s - 1 2, 5 k m
68 User Uptake O p e r a t i o n a l f o r e c a s t o f o i l s p i l l d r i f t : d e m o n s t r a t i o n 5-Polygon Oil Spill in the Aegean Sea :20 N o r t h w a r d t r a n s p o r t l e d t o t h e o i l c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f K i n a r o s I s l a n d c o a s t l i n e ( G r e e c e )
69 User Uptake H e l l e n i c C e n t r e f o r M a r i n e R e s e a r c h H C M R - w w w. h c m r. g r HCMR is the main research and advisory body for marine environment, fisheries and aquaculture in Greece.
70 User Uptake H e l l e n i c C e n t r e f o r M a r i n e R e s e a r c h H C M R - w w w. h c m r. g r The Aegean Ionian Sea circulation model is a downscale of the Copernicus CMEMS MED- Currents product
71 User Uptake A G r e e k o p e r a t i o n a l e x a m p l e : P o s e i d o n O i l D r i f t A p p l i c a t i o n The user submits a scenario: Event position Date, time Simulation time Initial volume of the pollutant (if it is known) Evacuation time (if it is known) The user receives notification when the simulation is completed (average pending time 5 7 min). The user can see and download the results: Geographical position of each particle Depth Percentage of evaporation, emulsification volume, beached and bottom particles. WGOSMT, AMSTERDAM, 24/03/2015
72 P O S E I D O N O p e r a t i o n a l O i l - s p i l l M o d e l User Uptake Hydrodynamic forecasts Based on POM Downscaled from Copernicus CMEMS Wave forecast WAM Cycle 4 Weather forecast Based on ETA Oil Spill Model 3-D numerical model which simulates the pollutant transport weathering (evaporation, emulsification, sedimentation, beaching) oil slick represented as parcels with time dependent chemical and physical characteristics
73 User Uptake P O S E I D O N O i l S p i l l M o d e l p e r f o r m a n c e i n n e a r r e a l t i m e Between 2006 and ENVISAT images over Aegean were analyzed 155 Oil spills were detected Relevant forecasts were delivered Registered End users Hellenic Ministry of Mercantile Marine Marine Environment Protection Division (MEPD) Joint Rescue Notification Center (JRCC)
74 User Uptake H a z a r d m a p p i n g f o r o p e r a t i o n a l o i l s p i l l s : m e t h o d o l o g y The oil hazard mapping methodology uses the following assumptions: 1. the traffic density distribution and the amount of oil operationally spilled is representative of the present state and will not vary significantly in the future 2. the oil spill simulations, performed using the past daily meteo- oceanographic conditions from 2009 to 2013, sampled relevant possible meteo-oceanographic conditions.
75 User Uptake H a z a r d m a p p i n g f o r o p e r a t i o n a l o i l s p i l l s : m e t h o d o l o g y - t h e t r a f f i c d e n s i t y d i s t r i b u t i o n Digitizing the ship traffic maps provided by the Italian Coast Guard S p i l l l i s t s p i l l s / m o n t h Monthly Ship Traffic Maps provided by ITCG
76 User Uptake H a z a r d m a p p i n g f o r o p e r a t i o n a l o i l s p i l l s : m e t h o d o l o g y - t h e o i l s p i l l s i m u l a t i o n s Hourly Surface Oil Concentration C HOUR (x,y) Maps
77 User Uptake H a z a r d m a p s f o r o p e r a t i o n a l o i l s p i l l s : d e m o n s t r a t i o n
78 User Uptake H a z a r d m a p s f o r o p e r a t i o n a l o i l s p i l l s : d e m o n s t r a t i o n At risk of chronic oil pollution: Marine Protected Areas (1) Capo Rizzuto MPA (Italy) (2) Porto Cesareo MPA (Italy) (3) Torre Guaceto MPA (Italy) (4) Vjose-Narte Landscape Protected Site (Albania) (5) Butrinti National Park (Albania) (6) Kalama Delta Natural Reserve (Greece)
79 User Uptake P l a s t i c d e b r i s d r i f t m o d e l i n g : m e t h o d o l o g y A F S d a i l y 2. 2 x 2. 2 k m MEDSLIK-II > 270 million particles h r s 2 5 x 2 5 k m
80 User Uptake P l a s t i c d e b r i s d r i f t m o d e l i n g : m e t h o d o l o g y Identification of plastics sources ton/year of plastics goes into the Adriatic Sea: 40% - from river discharges 40% - from coastal population 20% - from shipping lanes
81 User Uptake P l a s t i c d r i f t i n t h e A d r i a t i c S e a : d e m o n s t r a t i o n
82 User Uptake P l a s t i c d e b r i s d r i f t m o d e l i n g : d e m o n s t r a t i o n Plastics fluxes onto the coastline T h e P o D e l t a c o a s t l i n e r e c e i v e s t h e p l a s t i c s f l u x m a x i m u m o f k g / ( k m d a y )
83 User Uptake P l a s t i c d e b r i s d r i f t m o d e l i n g : d e m o n s t r a t i o n Connection between plastic concentration and ocean currents Middle Adriatic Gyre South Adriatic Gyre Western Adriatic Coastal Current
84 User Uptake P l a s t i c d e b r i s d r i f t m o d e l i n g : d e m o n s t r a t i o n Impact matrices for quantification of the regional inter-connections
85 User Uptake P l a s t i c d e b r i s d r i f t m o d e l i n g : d e m o n s t r a t i o n Comparison with the field measurements In situ: Benthic litter map (Pasquini et al., 2016) Modeling: Sea surface map (Liubartseva et al., 2016)
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