Sowing The Seeds Of Conflict In A House Divided! By: Julio Avila

Transcription

1 Sowing The Seeds Of Conflict In A House Divided! By: Julio Avila

2 Why was the sectional conflict over slavery the greatest danger to national survival?!

3 Sectioning of the states! The revolution abolished slavery north of the Mason-Dixon Line.! New states, North of the Ohio River joined the union.! South of these boundaries, was where the confederacy was founded.!

4 Reasons for secession! The economy and culture of the South relied on slavery (Produced cotton: 3/4 of the entire nations exports).! The south stated that the constitution protected their right to property. Arguing that slaves were property.! Lincoln was indecisive on abolishing slavery since it was perceived as a state issue rather than a national issue.!

5 Danger to national survival! Slave holders believed that emancipation would cause economic ruin, social chaos, and racial war.! The internal conflict reduced the amount of soldiers available to fight against foreign powers.! This divergent antebellum period could cause the Unites States to collapse as a result of the attempted domination by a single political ideal.!

6 Why was the issue of slavery so volatile in the period of ?!

7 Transportation Revolution! New technology made mass communication faster than ever, allowing minor incidents to be blown out of proportion.! 1) Steamboats 2) Railroads 3) Telegraphs!

8 Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)! Margaret Morgan moved to Pennsylvania, being grant freedom by her owner John Ashmore.! Ashmore's children wanted Morgan as a slave and therefore sent Edward Prigg to capture her, which he did, returning her to Maryland.! Prigg was released since the Pennsylvania slave act of 1826 (slaves could not be taken out of Pennsylvania into slavery) was unconstitutional under article IV via supremacy clause.! Created the base for the Fugitive slave law of 1850.!

9 Theodore Dwight Weld ( )! Wrote "American slavery as it is" in 1839 which was reprinted numerous times.! One of the most powerful moral attacks, depicting the breakup of families.! Consists of excerpts from advertisements, and articles from southern newspapers.!

10 Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852)! Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote this, however used Weld's work as a primary source for her own.! Readers empathized with slaves, since this book illustrated Slavery's effect on families.! Stowe's characters stated causes of slavery, the Fugitive Slave Law, the future of freed people, what an individual could do, and racism.! Intensified sectionalism due to its reality and harshness.!

11 John c. Calhoun! Vice president and democrat ( )! The south's recognized intellectual and political leader in supporting slavery.! "a positive good" not a an evil.! Presented resolutions to congress denying the proposal of slave excluding property in the territories. (1847)! These resolutions were denied by the senate.!

12 Why did westward expansion, the concept of "Manifest Destiny," and the Mexican conflict force congress to act in the slavery issue?!

13 Manifest Destiny! The belief that the Untied states was destined to manifest itself throughout the continent.! James K. Polk largest acquisition of lands in comparison to any other president.! Louisiana purchase of 1803 (828,000 square feet).! Gadsden purchase! Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.! New Mexico was seized by Stephan Watts Kenny on August 18th 1846 without firing a single bullet.!

14 Mexican conflict! The United States attempted to convince Mexico to sell current day California and New Mexico, which failed.! James K. polk sent troops into territory claimed by Mexico in May 1846 which sparked the Mexican- American war.! John C. Frémont established California's "Bear Flag Republic" to proclaim the idea of an independent California.!

15 Mexican conflict continued...! Santa Fe was seized by Stephan Watts Kenny on August 18, 1846 without firing a single bullet.! However California and nearby territories were troublesome to acquire as battles raged south of the Rio Grande.! The United States payed 15 million dollars to Mexico to cover war deficits, in order to acquire the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in (California, Nevada, Utah, Most of New Mexico and Nevada, Oklahoma, Colorado, Wyoming, and 1/3 of Texas).!

16 Congressional actions due to the acquisition of land! With the new found land, the South's desire to establish slave based institutions grew exponentially.! Missouri Compromise of 1820 was passed to settle the proslavery and the anti-slavery factions of the Unites States. " "-Prohibited slavery in the Louisiana territory north of 36,30 degrees except Missouri.! Tallmadge amendment proposed in 1819 by James Tallmadge. " " " " " " " " " "-Stated to stop all introduction of slaves in Missouri and that all children of slaves in the state were set free at age 25. However, the Senate refused the amendment!

17 The impact of the Wilmot Proviso and the compromise of 1850!

18 David Wilmot! Introduced the Wilmot Proviso before congress on saturday August 8, 1846.! The Wilmot Proviso stated that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory."! This statement was posed in order to reduce sectional conflict, which enraged the South and successfully lead to the compromise of 1850.!

19 Compromise of 1850! Introduced by Senator Henry Clay! The five bills were passed in September of 1850."! 1) California is admitted as a free state" " "! 2) New Mexico and Utah could decide wether they are a free or slave state using popular sovereignty! 3) Texas gave up claimed lands in New Mexico and Missouri, and would pay $10 million dollars to Mexico! 4) Slave trade abolished in the District of Columbia! 5) The Fugitive slave act was set in place!

20 Compromise of 1850 continued...! The compromise of 1850 was truly set in order to delay the inevitable, a civil war.!

21 The Fugitive Slave Law and Northern reaction!

22 The Fugitive Slave Law! Passed by congress on September 18, 1850! added numerous laws to the original Fugitive slave act of " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "1) Officials who did not arrest a runaway slave could owe a fine of $1000 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "2) Any person aiding a runaway slave will face jail time and a $1000 fee. (Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad) "3) Abolished a Slaves Habeas Corpus " " " " " " "4) Solely an owners sworn statement suits as a warrant for arrest! States did not have to contribute (Personal Liberty Laws).!

23 Northern Reaction! The Fugitive Slave Law was the most highly criticized portion in the Compromise of Since it gave slavery a view of legalization.! Many abolitionists openly denied the law.! Enraged many northerners, especially Harriet Beecher Stowe, the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, causing her to highlight the evils of slavery.!

24 Similarities and Differences of the Union and the Confederacy.!

25 Differences! Economy based off of industrialization! consisted of abolitionists! Urban! North! High ethnic diversity! Representative democracy! South! Economy based off of mercantilism and slavery! consisted of Pro-slavery populations! Rural! little to none ethnic diversity! Confederacy!

26 Similarities! Harbored Slaves.! Women and slaves could not vote. Only wealthy white men were allowed to vote.! The wealthy were usually of English decent.! Same language.! Protestant.! Heavily relied on farming.! The soldiers themselves on both sides had a low morale, and were of middle class.!

27 OPVL! Uncle Tom's Cabin! Origin: The author is Harriet Beecher Stowe. This is a primary source document. It was published on March , in the Union of United States.! Purpose: Stowe wrote this novel to create a realistic slave point of view in order to convince other Northerners the necessity of abolishing slavery. Furthermore, this was in response to the Fugitive slave law of 1850 since it angered many Northerners, including Stowe.!

28 OPVL continued...! Value: The information is predominantly reliable since Stowe gathered information about slavery right before the Civil War. However the only implication might be that she was not a slave herself, leading us to believe if she did not interview slaves the information will ultimately be unreliable.! Limitation: The only implication is that Stowe was not a slave herself, leading us to believe if she did not interview slaves, the information will ultimately be unreliable. The information will most likely be biased since Stowe is an abolitionist, making slavery a negative aspect, henceforth a singular point of view.!

29 Bibliography! "Impact of Uncle Tom's Cabin, Slavery, and the Civil War." Harriet Beecher Stowe Center. N.p., Web. 22 Sept < "Cases." The Oyez Project at IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept < "John C. Calhoun: He Started the Civil War." History Net Where History Comes Alive World US History Online John C Calhoun He Started the Civil War Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept < McPherson, James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford UP, Print.! "History Today The World's Best History Magazine." History Today The World's Best History Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Sept < United States. National Park Service. "U.S. National Park Service." National Parks Service. U.S. Department of the Interior, 22 Sept Web. 23 Sept < Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Uncle Toms Cabin. Leipzig: Tauchnitz, Print.!