ARCHIMEDE SOLAR ENERGY
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1 ARCHIMEDE SOLAR ENERGY Company Presentation Archimede Solar Energy (ASE) is a subsidiary of the Italian industrial Group Angelantoni Industrie S.p.A. partecipated by Siemens Renewable Energies. The company is headquartered in Italy, Massa Martana (Perugia). Archimede produces receiver tubes for thermodynamic solar power plants (CSP) licensed by ENEA (the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment). ASE is the sole worldwide producer of solar receiver tubes (HEMS08) operating with molten salts as heat transfer fluid. ASE produces also Parabolic Trough Receiver Tubes (HEOI09) using ordinary mineral oil. ASE's HEMS08 is the world's most advanced solar receiver tube, designed for thermodynamic solar power plants, operating at high temperature (up to 550 C) with molten salts as Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF). Thanks to a revolutionary patented coating process (CERMET) the solar receiver tubes have an absorbance equal or higher than 95%, an emissivity lower than 10% at 400 C and 14% at 580 C. ASE s HEMS08 solar receiver, placed in the heart of the parabolic troughs, absorbs the sun s rays converting them into heat to produce steam and then electricity, using conventional turbines. Molten salts thermodynamic solar power plants produce electricity without neither CO2 emissions nor environmental pollution. In particular the molten salts are normally used as fertilizers in agricolture and are not flamable compared to the mineral oil.
2 Company Presentation
3 > Overview Angelantoni Group Archimede Solar Energy The Receiver Tube Manufacturing Process CSP High Temperature using MOLTEN SALTS ENEA PCS and Archimede Project Archimede Solar Energy Development Plan
4 Angelantoni Industrie Group
5 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Headquarters More than m 2 (160,000 sq. ft.) Manufacturing and Testing Departments Special capabilities: Large anechoic chamber (600m3) for EMC testing Research & Development Center: biomedical equipment test chambers sputtering systems Employees: 250 in Massa Martana 700 in the Group
6 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Main business Cagr Cagr Cagr (94-05) (94 (94-05) 05) 22,4% 22,4% 22,4% MEuros MEuros EBITDA Cagr Cagr Cagr (94-05) (94 (94-05) 05) 17,8% 17,8% 17,8% REVENUES
7 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Structure
8 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Sales by product/field
9 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Business Units (ACS) The ACS division produces equipment in the field of environmental test chambers (temperature, humidity, corrosion, vibrations, etc.), stress screening systems, conditioned shelters used in telecommunications and space simulators. ACS products find applications in many industries like: Electronics Automotive Military Aeronautics and aerospace Plastic and rubber materials
10 > Angelantoni Industrie Group ACS Isro Project ACS space simulator delivered to the ISRO Satellite Centre in Bangalore, named HVT400MC, is one of the two largest space simulators existing in Asia and the most technologically advanced in the world. The simulator consists in a stainless steel structure that encases the area in which the tests are conducted, a cylindrically shaped chamber 7 m in diameter and 11 m long.the system is fitted with 4 cryogenic pumps that generate the high vacuum required with a pumping capacity of L/sec each. Temperatures inside the cryogenic pumps drop to 10 Kelvin, corresponding to 263 C, through the use of helium, while the vacuum value reached is 10 7 mbar.the thermal system includes 15 independent circuits capable of reproducing the conditions that surround satellites when in space. The circuits gradually reproduce the entire range of temperatures experienced in space, from those on the side that is lit by the sun to those on the dark side, namely from 180 C to +180 C. Cooling is provided by liquid nitrogen stored in 4 large containers (22 meters tall) that can stock up to 500,000 liters of nitrogen. The space simulator is run and supervised by a control and management system consisting of an array of over 40 electric panels for the distribution of power and for the control of the systems with PLC logic, data acquisition racks (almost 800 temperatures), SW for overall system monitoring, topped by synoptics and redundant systems. All of this is distributed over a control console consisting of 5 PCs as well as another 12 stations distributed on two floors and interconnected via intranet. The system also allows for data exchange via optic fiber cable with the satellite s control system.
11 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Business Units (AS) The AS Biomedical Equipment Division manufactures equipment for the cold sector applied to research in biological laboratories, universities and hospitals. The range of our products includes : Reach in refrigerators;low temperature freezers ( 20 C / 30 C / 40 C); ultra freezers ( 50 C / 90 C / 152 C); cold and thermostatic chambers; CO 2 Incubators; standard blood banks refrigerators; special blood banks refrigerators; plasma shock freezers; automatic ice making machines; cooled incubators; plant growth chambers; climatic chambers for stability test; turn key supplies for autopsy chambers and morgues.
12 > Angelantoni Industrie Group Business Units (AG) The AG Division designs, manufactures and supplies worldwide refrigeration systems for industrial processes and applications in industrial fields, especially in the petrochemical, chemical and pharmaceutical fields. This Division utilises refrigerating systems directly designed and engineered in the Division itself and exploits the long experience acquired in the low temperature refrigeration, to 100 C. Particularly, AG Division activities are linked to these types of products: Package refrigeration units custom designed and field erected systems for industrial processes, with the halocarbon refrigerants (R134a R404A R507) or with natural and hydrocarbon refrigerants (ammonia propane propylene ethane) in a refrigerating capacity range from 50 to kw. Hydrocarbon chilling units for natural gas purifying. Brine chilling units, package design, air cooled or water cooled, refrigerating capacities from 30 to 800 kw, temperature range from 0 C to 80 C. Refrigerating systems for harmful gas or vapours condensation, to avoid environment pollution, custom designed according to Customer requirements, capacity range from 30 to kw, temperature range from 0 C to 80 C. Prefabricated cold storage rooms and warehouses for storage and preservation of chemical and pharmaceutical products or raw materials. Engineered equipment and plants for thermal treatments or industrial applications, designed to increase product quality or production quantity. Refrigerated clean rooms, for production processes or researches in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, suitable to operate in a temperature range of 5 C to 30 C.
13 > Angelantoni Industrie Group ACS in the World
14 > Angelantoni Industrie Group AS in the World
15 Archimede Solar Energy SpA
16 > Archimede Solar Energy Shareholders
17 > Archimede Solar Energy Basic Corporate Information Archimede Solar Energy is the company of the Angelantoni Group that operates in the Renewable Energies sector. Archimede produces, under license from ENEA, receiver tubes for thermodynamic solar power plants. The tubes produced by Archimede operate at high temperatures (up to 600 C) and use molten salts. In the solar power plants, the tubes are positioned in the focus of a parabolic solar mirror, which concentrates the sun s rays; the thermal vector fluid runs inside the tubes. Thanks to a spectrally selective coating (CERMET) and a casing kept in a vacuum, Archimede tubes ensure maximum sunlight yield (maximum absorption and minimum emission). Thermodynamic solar power plants using molten salts produce energy without either emissions or pollution, and they do not make use of any toxic or dangerous materials. In particular, the vector fluid is a common fertilizer already used widely in agriculture.
18 > Archimede Solar Energy Mission To be leader in the field of Solar Receiver Tubes for thermodynamic power stations. To develop the technology of Molten Salts, in order to increase the efficiency of the system and in accord with our environmental friendly approach. To promote use of renewable energy, like the Sun, for a better future, a safer life for our and next generations. Concentrated on your future
19 > Archimede Solar Energy Project evolution 2010 ENEA Innovative components test and qualification Industrial demonstration phase Start of operation of the experimental prototype Start of operation of Archimede plant (R&D Elioslab + Tubosol) ENEA Lab research phase Main components design in cooperation with national industries
20 High Temperature Receiver Tube
21 > Receiver Tube The product HEMS08 Archimede Solar Energy receiver tubes are produced under license from ENEA (Italian National Research Agency for Renewable Energy) Are designed for thermodynamic solar power plants operating high temperature (up to 550 C) with molten salts as Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF). Thanks to a unique spectrally selective coating stable up to 600 C and a casing kept in a vacuum, Archimede tubes ensure the maximum sunlight yield and thus they are the most technologically advanced solar receivers available for high temperature range. Moreover the thermal capacity of the HTF it is possible to accumulate the solar energy in special storage tanks so that electric power can be produced on the basis of the actual needs of the users even in absence of solar radiation.
22 > Receiver Tube The product description 1 Optical film coated stainless steel absorber tube; 2 Coated glass sleeve enclosure; 3 Bellows; 4 Glass to metal joint; 5 Internal shield with NEG Strips; 6 Barium getters; 7 Vacuum enclosure.
23 > Receiver Tube The coating The surface coating deposited on the tube is constituted of a thin film multilayer structure including an inferior layer of metal, reflecting in the infrared, and a superior layer of antireflective ceramic material. CERAMIC LAYER CERMET LAYER METALLIC LAYER A graded ceramic-metallic material (CERMET) having different volumetric fraction of metal is interposed between the two films. Thanks to this spectrally selective coating, the receiver tubes have 1) an absorbance higher than or equal to 95% 2) a design emissivity of lower than 10% at 400 C 3) a design emissivity of lower than 14% at 580 C
24 > Receiver Tube Characteristics of the steel pipe Material Electric welded AISI 316Ti steel with lapped and electropolished external surface Material characteristics Corrosion resistant with flow of molten salts mixture NaNO3 and KNO3 Surface finish Average roughness Ra<0.5 µm Dimensions Length 4060±1 mm, OD 70±0.5mm, thickness 3 mm Irradiated surface/total surface 0, > Receiver Tube Characteristics of the glass pipe Material Borosilicate glass (Sio2 80,3%, B2O3 13%, Al2O3 2,4%, Na2O+K2O 4,3%) Transmittance of solar radiation (%) 91.5% Transmittance of solar radiation with anti reflective coating Dimensions 96.5% Length 3,896±1 mm, OD 125 mm, thickness 3 mm
25 > Receiver Tube Pht parameters for spectrally selective coating Solar radiation absorbance?95% Radiation emissivity in the IR 400 C; C > Receiver Tube Functional characteristics Weight of the receiver Thermal vector fluid Physical state of the thermal vector fluid Max operating pressure of the steel pipe Min/Max operating temperature of the molten salt mixture?30 kg Molten salts mixture (60% NaNo3, 40% KNO3) Liquid 20 bar 290 C/550 C Max operating temperature 580 C Vacuum Enclosure pressure 1.0 x 10 4 mbar
26 > Receiver Tube Operating Conditions HEMS08 is designed to operate for a period of more than 25 years at working temperature (of up to 550 C) under normal installation, operating and maintenance conditions. The nominal vacuum pressure of 10 4 mbar is maintained during receiver tubes lifetime by means of a getter assembly located in the expansion bellow region, in order to avoid heat losses due to conduction and convection. Under normal installation, operation and maintenance conditions, no vacuum losses will occur and permeated hydrogen will be captured by the getter. Moreover a Barium indicator will give air leak indication by color change.
27 > Receiver Tube performances Heat loss of Archimede Solar Energy (ASE) receiver tubes has been performed at ENEA Casaccia laboratory (Rome). Receiver tubes have been heated by Joule effect at different temperatures (indicated by dots in diagrams) until reaching stationary conditions. The thermal energy loss has been deduced from the measure of electrical power that it is necessary to keep constant the temperature of the system.
28 Receiver Tube Manufacturing Process
29 > Manufacturing Process equipment for coating Sputtering machine designed and assembled at the ENEA C. R. Portici, to perform the deposition of the selective coating on the absorber tube
30 > Manufacturing Process glass to metal joint a borosilicate glass joined to a metal ring
31 > Manufacturing Process R&D activities Production of the glass to metal seal Production of a new compliant bellow for working at high temperature Development of the heat treatment for out gassing and sealing automatically the glass envelope under vacuum Development of the AR deposition process on the glass tube
32 CSP High Temperature using molten salts
33 > CSP ENEA technology for solar power plants The concentrated solar energy is collected at high temperature by a suitable Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) and stored in a hot tank, for converting thermal energy into electrical when actually requested. The collection and storage of concentrated solar energy in heat at high temperature can be performed at high efficiency with: 1) Molten salts mixture as HTF (60% NaNO 3, 40% KNO 3 ) Density: high Specific heat: high Dynamic viscosity: low Chemical stability with temperature: stable up to 600 C Toxicity: no Crystallization temperature: 238 C Solidification temperature: 221 C Warning: The temperature of the piping have to be higher than 238 C for molten salts flow 2) New Parabolic Solar Collector with high concentration factor and optical efficiency 3) New Heat Collector Element (HCE) with high photo thermal efficiency and mechanical reliability
34 > CSP ENEA technology for solar power plants
35 > CSP The molten salts Thermal storage and molten salt Thermal storage, in the earlier phases of CSP technologies development, was considered as an option, now it is becoming a need. Molten salt is one of the best storage media but when it is used in a solar field with mineral oil HTF its performances are heavily reduced. Environmental aspects Mineral oil is easily flammable and toxic and its usage has to accomplish to severe regulations. Molten salt is a fertilizer. In case of accidental spilling its freezing avoid a deep penetration in the ground. From 390 C to 550 C The extended temperature operating range give the possibility to use standard and more efficient steam turbine (steam temperature up to 535 C). Moreover the integration of solar fields with existent combined cycle plants became easier and cheaper.
36 > CSP The molten salts: properties Nitrate salts mixture: Sodium Nitrate (NaNO 3 ): 60% w. Potassium Nitrate (KNO 3 ): 40% w. Features: Operative temperatures: C; Non flammable and non toxic fluid; Low cost fluid; T ( C) Phase Diagram NaNO 3 -KNO 3 Melting point Freezing point Good heat transport properties: 200 > High Coefficient of Heat Transfer > High Heat Capacity 150 > High Density > Low Operative Pressures Salts Physical Properties : Molar Fraction NaNO Freezing Temperature: 238 C; Melting Temperature: 221 C; Heat of Fusion: 161 kj/kg; Volume Change on Fusion: 4,6%.
37 > CSP The molten salts: usage implications and performances Cumulative effect The increase of the solar field average temperature implies a decrease in solar collectors efficiency Furthermore nighttime circulation at high temperature (about 280 C) causes additional heat losses 9.3% 15.3% On the other hand the production of higher temperature steam (up to 535 C) allows more efficient thermodynamic conversion 5.7% Molten salt does not present any Hydrogen degradation effects on HCE performance, hence we do expect some advantage on the overall solar field efficiency
38 > CSP Thermal Storage and molten salts Thermal storage, in the earlier phases of CSP technologies development, was considered as an option, now it is becoming a need. Molten salt is one of the best storage media but when it is used in a solar field with mineral oil HTF its performances are heavily reduced. Indirect system* Direct system Thermal capacity [MWh] Cold storage temperature[ C] Hot storage temperature[ C] Salt Mass [tons] Tank height[m] Tank diameter[m] *
39 ENEA PCS and Archimede Project
40 > ENEA PCS Solar Collector Assembly Test Loop Main Parameters > Heat transfer fluid: mixture of molten salt (40% KNO3 60% NaNO3) > Normal operating temperature: C >Heat transfer fluid flow: 3,0 7,5 kg/s > Design pressure: 8,5 bar > Molten salt volume: 5 m3 ( 9500 kg) > Maximum thermal power: 500 kw
41 > Archimede Project Priolo Gargallo (SR) Realization and commercial operation of a demonstration plant using the technology developed by ENEA to be integrated in a combined cycle standard power plant.
42 > Archimede Project Priolo Gargallo (SR)
43 > Archimede Project Priolo Gargallo (SR)
44 > Archimede Project Priolo Gargallo (SR)
45 Archimede Solar Energy Development Plan
46 > Development Plan
47 > Development Plan New manufacturing Plant
48 > Development Plan New manufacturing Plant
49 > Development Plan Demo Plant
50 > Development Plan Demo Plant
51 > Development Plan New manufacturing Plant
52 > Development Plan New manufacturing Plant
53 Archimede Solar Energy Località Cimacolle, Massa Martana (PG)
Presented by Mauro Vignolini
A new approach to concentrating solar plant (CSP) by ENEA ENEA objective Economic element of solar plant ENEA technology innovations Archimede demonstrative solar plant Final remarks Presented by Mauro
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