Wildlife of Bangladesh. Professor Md. Mostafa Feeroz, Ph.D Chairman Department of Zoology Jahangirnagar University

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1 Wildlife of Bangladesh By Professor Md. Mostafa Feeroz, Ph.D Chairman Department of Zoology Jahangirnagar University

2 2% are Vertebrates Animal Diversity 98% are invertebrates

3 An Overview of Biodiversity of Bangladesh A. Flora Plant species: More than 6000 Algae: 300 species Bryophyte: 250 species Pteridophyte: 250 species Angiosperm: 5000 species Gymnosperm: 4 species B. Invertebrates Aphid : 30 species Bee : 18 species Dung beetle : 30 species Lady bird : 93 species Firefly : 25 Mosquito : 113 species Spider : 400 species Butterfly : 150 species Crab : 4 species (Freshwater) 11 species (Marine) Shrimp : 10 species (Freshwater) 19 species (Marine)

4 An Overview of Biodiversity of Bangladesh Group Fishes C. Vertebrates Total no. of living species 266 (fresh-water and brackish water) Total 442 (marine) 708 Amphibians 22 (inland) - 22 Reptiles 109 (inland) 17 (marine) 126 Birds 388 (resident) 240 (migratory) 628 Mammals 110 (inland) 3 (marine) 113 Total

5 What is Wildlife?

6 Amphibians of Bangladesh 22 species so far recorded

7 Total reptile species: 126 (109 inland and 17 marine species). Lizards: 18 species Reptiles of Bangladesh

8 Reptiles of Bangladesh Total reptile species: 126 (109 inland and 17 marine species). Inland Turtles : 22 species

9 Reptiles of Bangladesh Total reptile species: 126 (109 inland and 17 marine species). Crocodile: 1 species Gharial : 1

10 Total reptile species: 126 (109 inland and 17 marine species). Reptiles of Bangladesh Inland Snakes: 67 species Poisonous species: 15

11 Total reptile species: 126 (109 inland and 17 marine species). Reptiles of Bangladesh Inland Snakes: 67 species Nonpoisonous species: 52

12 Birds of Bangladesh Worldwide 9000 species, Bird species occur in the Indian region 1200 Bangladesh has 628 species of birds (276 passerine and 352 non-passerine) 388 are resident 240 are migratory

13 Birds of Bangladesh Wetland birds

14 Birds of Bangladesh Birds of Prey

15 Birds of Bangladesh Migratory birds in Bangladesh 240 species of which only 22 species are ducks

16 Birds of Bangladesh These are not Migratory

17 Mammals of Bangladesh Mammals 110 (inland) species 3 (marine) species Total 113 species

18 Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Slow Loris Nycticebus bengalensis Solitary, nocturnal, arboreal Feeds on fruits, foliage, insects Found in evergreen and semi-evergreen forests of NE and SE Critically Endangered

19 Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta Living in a group of 15-78, diurnal, terrestrial/arboreal Feeds on fruits, foliage, crops, insects Found in all forest and rural/urban human settlement Vulnerable

20 Pig-tailed macaque Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Macaca leonina Living in a group of 13-26, diurnal, mostly arboreal Feeds on fruits, foliage, insects Found in evergreen and semi-evergreen forests of NE and SE Critically Endangered

21 Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Hanuman langur Semnopithecus entellus Living in a group of 10-25, diurnal, terrestrial Feeds on crops, fruits, foliage, insects Found only in human settlement of Keshobpur in Jessore (Central part of SW) Critically Endangered

22 Capped langur Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Trachypithecus pileatus Living in a group of 2-20, diurnal, mostly arboreal Feeds on foliage and fruits Found in deciduous, evergreen, semi-evergreen, planted forests Endangered

23 Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Phayre s langur Trachypithecus phayrei Living in a group of 3-15, diurnal, arboreal Feeds on fruits, foliage, insects Found in evergreen, semi-evergreen forests of NE and SE

24 Mammals of Bangladesh Primates Hoolock gibbon Bunopithecus hoolock Living in a group of 2-5, monogamous, territorial, diurnal, arboreal Feeds mostly on fruits Found in evergreen, semi-evergreen forests of NE and SE Critically Endangered

25 Mammals of Bangladesh Herbivorous: 5 species

26 Mammals of Bangladesh Largest mammal on land

27 Mammals of Bangladesh Carnivorous: 27 species

28 Mammals of Bangladesh Bats: 29 species

29 Mammals of Bangladesh Rodent: 21 species

30 Mammals of Bangladesh Dolphin : 7 species Insectivorous: 4 species Pangolin : 3 species Rabbit: 2 species

31 Wildlife habitat in Bangladesh Habitat Original (km 2 ) Current (km 2 ) Protected area (km 2 ) % loss Freshwater swamp Mangroves Semi-evergreen Tropical Moist Deciduous Tropical Semi-evergreen Tropical Wet Evergreen Total

32 Wildlife Habitat in Bangladesh Freshwater swamp

33 Wildlife Habitat in Bangladesh Evergreen/ Semievergreen Forest

34 Wildlife Habitat in Bangladesh habitat in coastal areas

35 Extinct wildlife species

36 Status of wildlife of Bangladesh Group Extinct Total No. of Living Species Locally Threatened Critically Endange red (CR) Endanger ed (EN ) Vulnerable (VU) Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals Total Total

37 Major threats Habitat changes and loss Encroachment Poaching/hunting Natural calamities Pollution Unintentional disturbance by people Diseases Destruction for breeding sites Use for traditional medicine Improper implementation of Wildlife Act

38 Major threats Systematic logging Firewood collection by Individuals Causes of habitat destruction

39 Major threats Causes of habitat destruction Large scale illegal commercial logging Wood used in brickfield/plywood factory

40 Man made landslide because of mud removal for urban development Major threats Causes of habitat destruction Tribal settlement inside forest

41 Major threats Causes of habitat destruction Slash and burn Gas field explosion

42 Major threats Man-wildlife conflict

43 Major threats Poaching/hunting

44 Is there any threats from wildlife to human? Yes Zoonotic / Transmissible diseases

45 How to protect our wildlife and their habitat? Academic Institutes/ research organizations can provide base line information and guidelines for wildlife management and conservation which are the prerequisite for in-situ and ex-situ wildlife conservation BUT Implementation and monitoring by the respective authorities play vital role in any conservation programme.

46 Hog Deer Axis porcinus

47 Sl. No. Name of the Protected area Year of Notification Area (sq. km) District Wildlife Sanctuaries Protected Areas of Bangladesh 1 Hazarikhil Chittagong 2 Char Kukri- Mukri Bhola 3 Pablakhali Rangamati 4 Chunati Chittagong 5 Sundarbans East Bagherhat 6 Sundarbans South Khulna 7 Sundarbans West Satkhira 8 Rema-Kalenga Habiganj National Parks 9 Himchari Cox s Bazar 10 Madhupur Tangail 11 Bhawal Gazipur 12 Lawachara Moulvibazar 13 Kaptai Rangamati 14 Nijhum Dwip Noakhali 15 Ramsagar Dinajpur 16 Meda Kachhapia Cox s Bazar 17 Satchari Habiganj Game Reserve 18 Teknaf Cox s Bazar

48 Role of Government in Wildlife Conservation Declared Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park and Game Reserve The main wildlife management planning efforts by the Government so far are: The Sundarbans Wildlife Management Plan Integrated development of the Sundarbans Wildlife Management Plan for the Sundarbans Reserve Forest (UNDP/FAO) Forest Resource Management Plan Conservation Management Plan of the Wildlife Sancturies in the Sundarbans Forests (World Bank) Integrated Resource Management Plan (IRMP) was prepared for improving the Sundarbans Reserved Forest (SRF) Sundarban Biodiversity Conservation Project (SBCP) Coastal and Wetland Biodiversity Management at Cox s Bazar and Hakaluki Haor (CWBMP)

49 Important wildlife habitat for immediate protection

50 Changing our attitude toward wild animals, participation of all concerned people / organizations can only make it possible to create a fearless future for our wildlife and their habitat

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