Early Ideas of the Atom
|
|
- Cody Roberts
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Atoms the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. - electrically neutral - spherical - positively charged nucleus surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons
2 Early Ideas of the Atom Democritus: believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible Dalton: first organized atomic theory based on the scientific method.
3 Experiments Thomson: discovered the electron using cathode ray tubes. Created the plumpudding model. Millikan: calculated the mass of the electron using the oil droplet experiment. Rutherford: discovered the nucleus using the gold foil experiment. Disproved the plum-pudding model.
4
5
6 Honors Chemistry 2.A Electrons in the Atom
7 The Bohr Model An electron is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits, around the nucleus Each possible electron orbit in Bohr s model has a fixed energy The fixed energies an electron can have are called energy levels.
8 an electron can jump from one energy level to another the electrons in an atom cannot be between energy levels an electron must gain or lose energy to move from one energy level to another (quantum) the higher an electron is on the energy ladder, the farther it is from the nucleus.
9 The Quantum Mechanical Model the quantum mechanical model does not involve an exact path the electron takes around the nucleus determines the allowed energies an electron can have and how likely it is to find the electron in various locations around the nucleus based on probability
10 Atomic Orbitals A region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron. Solving Schrodinger s equation gives the energies an electron can have The energy levels are labeled by quantum numbers (n) Each energy sublevel corresponds to an orbital of a different shape, which describes where the electron is likely to be found.
11 n=1 has 1 sublevel (1s) n=2 has 2 sublevels (1s 2p) n=3 has 3 sublevels (1s 2p 3d) n=4 has 4 sublevels (1s 2p 3d 4f)
12 Electron Configurations Electrons and the nucleus interact to make the MOST STABLE arrangement Electron Configurations are the ways in which electrons are arranged in different orbitals around the nucleus The following rules tell you how to find the electron configurations of atoms...
13 The Aufbau Principle Each box represents an orbital The s sublevel is always the
14 Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund s Rule an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible
15 The principle quantum energy level only holds that many sub-levels. Principal Energy Level # of sub-levels sub-levels n=1 1 1s n=2 2 2s 2p n=3 3 3s 3p 3d n=4 4 4s 4p 4d 4f
16 The number of electrons in each sub-level. sub-level # of electrons in each sub-level s 2 p 6 d 10 f 14
17 Maximum number of electrons in each energy level. Principal Energy Level (n) sub-levels electrons total number of electrons 1 1s s 2p s 3p 3d s 4p 4d 4f
18 The orbitals in each sub-level. sublevel # of electrons in each sublevel # of orbitals Names of each orbital s 2 1 s p 6 3 pz px py d 10 5 dz 2 dxz dyz dxy dx 2 -y 2 f 14 7 fz 3 fxz 2 fyz 2 fxyz fz(x 2 -y 2 ) f x ( x 2-3 y 2) f y (3 x 2- y 2)
19 Electron Configuration Rules 1.Identify how many electrons are in the atom. 2.There is a maximum of 2 electrons per orbital. Total electrons: s=2, p=6, d=10, f=14 3.Electrons do not pair up within an energy sub-level until each orbital already has 1 electron. 4.Place electrons in the orbitals (lowest energy first) until the superscripts add up to the total number of electrons.
20 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 6s 2 4f 14 5d 10 6p 6 7s 2 5f 14...
21 Periodic Table Shortcut PERIOD # = # of shells / energy levels
22 Electron Configurations of Ions Na: Na + :
23 Exceptional EC s Chromium: Cr What we would predict: What it actually is: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1 3d 5 The 3d suborbital is more stable when either half filled OR completely filled. Copper: Cu What we would predict: What it actually is: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1 3d 10 These transfers lower the overall energy.
24 Valence Electrons The electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom Using electron configuration: add the s electrons and the p electrons only example: P: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 3 2+3= 5 valence e- Using group number: GROUP # = # valence e- These are usually the only electrons involved in chemical bonds
25 The Periodic Table of Elements Periods (row) & Groups (columns) Metals: good conductors (heat & electricity), ductile, malleable, shiny Metalloids: properties are similar to, and in between, metals and nonmetals Nonmetals: poor conductors & brittle. Physical properties differ between nonmetals (hard to generalize).
26 Trends in the Periodic Table: Atomic Size
27 Trends in the Periodic Table: Ionization Energy Ionization Energy: the energy required to remove an electron from an atom and overcome the electron+proton attraction. Related to ionic charge.
28 Trends in the Periodic Table: Ionic Size Cations (+) -> lost e - -> smaller Anions (-) -> gained e - -> larger
29 Trends in the Periodic Table: Electronegativity Electronegativity: the ability of an atom to attract electrons when the element is part of a compound. Can be used to predict the type of bond that will form The most electronegative element is F
Section 11.3 Atomic Orbitals Objectives
Objectives 1. To learn about the shapes of the s, p and d orbitals 2. To review the energy levels and orbitals of the wave mechanical model of the atom 3. To learn about electron spin A. Electron Location
More informationATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S. The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39)
ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39) THE ATOM All elements listed on the periodic table are made up of atoms.
More information9/13/2013. However, Dalton thought that an atom was just a tiny sphere with no internal parts. This is sometimes referred to as the cannonball model.
John Dalton was an English scientist who lived in the early 1800s. Dalton s atomic theory served as a model for how matter worked. The principles of Dalton s atomic theory are: 1. Elements are made of
More informationAPS Science Curriculum Unit Planner
APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner Grade Level/Subject Chemistry Stage 1: Desired Results Enduring Understanding Topic 1: Elements and the Periodic Table: The placement of elements on the periodic table
More informationChemistry - Elements Electron Configurations The Periodic Table. Ron Robertson
Chemistry - Elements Electron Configurations The Periodic Table Ron Robertson History of Chemistry Before 16 th Century Alchemy Attempts (scientific or otherwise) to change cheap metals into gold no real
More informationErnest Rutherford Atomic Model 1911. Plum Pudding Model J.J. Thomson 1897
1 The arrangement of electrons in an atom determine most of the chemical properties of that atom. Electrons are what actually do the reacting. Plum Pudding Model J.J. Thomson 1897 Ernest Rutherford Atomic
More informationName Date Class ELECTRONS IN ATOMS. Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics
13 ELECTRONS IN ATOMS Conceptual Curriculum Concrete concepts More abstract concepts or math/problem-solving Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics Honors Curriculum Core honors content Options
More informationElements in the periodic table are indicated by SYMBOLS. To the left of the symbol we find the atomic mass (A) at the upper corner, and the atomic num
. ATOMIC STRUCTURE FUNDAMENTALS LEARNING OBJECTIVES To review the basics concepts of atomic structure that have direct relevance to the fundamental concepts of organic chemistry. This material is essential
More informationAtoms and Elements. Outline Atoms Orbitals and Energy Levels Periodic Properties Homework
Atoms and the Periodic Table The very hot early universe was a plasma with cationic nuclei separated from negatively charged electrons. Plasmas exist today where the energy of the particles is very high,
More informationElectrons in Atoms & Periodic Table Chapter 13 & 14 Assignment & Problem Set
Electrons in Atoms & Periodic Table Name Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1. Date 2. Date 3. Date 4. Date 5. Date 6. Date 7. Date 8. Electrons in Atoms & Periodic Table 2 Study Guide: Things You
More informationThe Periodic Table; Chapter 5: Section 1 - History of the Periodic Table Objectives: Explain the roles of Mendeleev and Moseley in the development of
The Periodic Table; Chapter 5: Section 1 - History of the Periodic Table Objectives: Explain the roles of Mendeleev and Moseley in the development of the periodic table. Describe the modern periodic table.
More informationPart I: Principal Energy Levels and Sublevels
Part I: Principal Energy Levels and Sublevels As you already know, all atoms are made of subatomic particles, including protons, neutrons, and electrons. Positive protons and neutral neutrons are found
More informationUnit 2 Periodic Behavior and Ionic Bonding
Unit 2 Periodic Behavior and Ionic Bonding 6.1 Organizing the Elements I. The Periodic Law A. The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers B. Elements
More informationChapter 3, Elements, Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table
1. Which two scientists in 1869 arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic masses to form a precursor of the modern periodic table of elements? Ans. Mendeleev and Meyer 2. Who stated that the
More information******* KEY ******* Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide
Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide VOCABULARY: Write a brief definition of each term in the space provided. 1. Atoms: smallest unit of an element that has all of the properties of that
More informationList the 3 main types of subatomic particles and indicate the mass and electrical charge of each.
Basic Chemistry Why do we study chemistry in a biology course? All living organisms are composed of chemicals. To understand life, we must understand the structure, function, and properties of the chemicals
More informationChemistry: The Periodic Table and Periodicity
Chemistry: The Periodic Table and Periodicity Name: per: Date:. 1. By what property did Mendeleev arrange the elements? 2. By what property did Moseley suggest that the periodic table be arranged? 3. What
More informationSCPS Chemistry Worksheet Periodicity A. Periodic table 1. Which are metals? Circle your answers: C, Na, F, Cs, Ba, Ni
SCPS Chemistry Worksheet Periodicity A. Periodic table 1. Which are metals? Circle your answers: C, Na, F, Cs, Ba, Ni Which metal in the list above has the most metallic character? Explain. Cesium as the
More informationElements, Atoms & Ions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation FOURTH EDITION by Steven S. Zumdahl University of Illinois Elements, Atoms & Ions Chapter 4 1 2 Elements Aims: To learn about the relative abundances of the elements,
More informationHistory of the Atom & Atomic Theory
Chapter 5 History of the Atom & Atomic Theory You re invited to a Thinking Inside the Box Conference Each group should nominate a: o Leader o Writer o Presenter You have 5 minutes to come up with observations
More information4.1 Studying Atom. Early evidence used to develop models of atoms.
4.1 Studying Atom Early evidence used to develop models of atoms. Democritus said that all matter consisted of extremely small particles that could NOT be divided called these particles atoms from the
More informationElectron Arrangements
Section 3.4 Electron Arrangements Objectives Express the arrangement of electrons in atoms using electron configurations and Lewis valence electron dot structures New Vocabulary Heisenberg uncertainty
More informationDevelopment of the Atomic Theory
Development of the Atomic Theory Atom The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance. Element A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances
More informationATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE
ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE Chapter 3 Vocabulary Words (27 words) Nucleus Atomic number Proton Mass number Neutron Isotopes Electron Atomic mass unit (amu) Energy level Average
More informationChapter 5 Periodic Table. Dmitri Mendeleev: Russian Chemist credited with the discovery of the periodic table.
Chapter 5 Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev: Russian Chemist credited with the discovery of the periodic table. How did he organize the elements? According to similarities in their chemical and physical
More informationMolecular Models & Lewis Dot Structures
Molecular Models & Lewis Dot Structures Objectives: 1. Draw Lewis structures for atoms, ions and simple molecules. 2. Use Lewis structures as a guide to construct three-dimensional models of small molecules.
More informationAtomic Theory: History of the Atom
Atomic Theory: History of the Atom Atomic Theory: experimental observations that led scientists to postulate the existence of the atom (smallest bit of an element). 1. Law of Conservation of Mass -During
More informationElectrons In Atoms Mr. O Brien (SFHS) Chapter 5 Standard 1D
Electrons In Atoms Mr. O Brien (SFHS) Chapter 5 Standard 1D Electrons in Atoms (std.1d) What are Bohr Models? planetary model in which the negatively-charged electrons orbit a small, positively-charged
More informationKEY. Honors Chemistry Assignment Sheet- Unit 3
KEY Honors Chemistry Assignment Sheet- Unit 3 Extra Learning Objectives (beyond regular chem.): 1. Related to electron configurations: a. Be able to write orbital notations for s, p, & d block elements.
More information2. John Dalton did his research work in which of the following countries? a. France b. Greece c. Russia d. England
CHAPTER 3 1. Which combination of individual and contribution is not correct? a. Antoine Lavoisier - clarified confusion over cause of burning b. John Dalton - proposed atomic theory c. Marie Curie - discovered
More informationChapter 5 TEST: The Periodic Table name
Chapter 5 TEST: The Periodic Table name HPS # date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The order of elements in the periodic table is based
More informationAtomic Structure Ron Robertson
Atomic Structure Ron Robertson r2 n:\files\courses\1110-20\2010 possible slides for web\atomicstructuretrans.doc I. What is Light? Debate in 1600's: Since waves or particles can transfer energy, what is
More informationelectron configuration
electron configuration Electron Configuration Knowing the arrangement of electrons in atoms will better help you understand chemical reactivity and predict an atom s reaction behavior. We know when n=1
More informationChapter Test. Teacher Notes and Answers 5 The Periodic Law TEST A 1. b 2. d 3. b 4. b 5. d 6. a 7. b 8. b 9. b 10. a 11. c 12. a.
Assessment Chapter Test A Teacher Notes and Answers 5 The Periodic Law TEST A 1. b 2. d 3. b 4. b 5. d 6. a 7. b 8. b 9. b 10. a 11. c 12. a 13. c 14. d 15. c 16. b 17. d 18. a 19. d 20. c 21. d 22. a
More information6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234
Unit C: Atoms, elements, and Compounds 6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234 Key Concepts: 3. Elements are organized according to their atomic number and electron arrangement on the periodic table.
More informationChapter 7. Electron Structure of the Atom. Chapter 7 Topics
Chapter 7 Electron Structure of the Atom Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1 Chapter 7 Topics 1. Electromagnetic radiation 2. The Bohr model of
More informationCopyrighted by Gabriel Tang B.Ed., B.Sc.
Chapter 8: The Periodic Table 8.1: Development of the Periodic Table Johann Dobereiner: - first to discover a pattern of a group of elements like Cl, Br, and I (called triads). John Newland: - suggested
More informationMulti-electron atoms
Multi-electron atoms Today: Using hydrogen as a model. The Periodic Table HWK 13 available online. Please fill out the online participation survey. Worth 10points on HWK 13. Final Exam is Monday, Dec.
More informationPERIODIC TABLE OF GROUPS OF ELEMENTS Elements can be classified using two different schemes.
1 PERIODIC TABLE OF GROUPS OF ELEMENTS Elements can be classified using two different schemes. Metal Nonmetal Scheme (based on physical properties) Metals - most elements are metals - elements on left
More informationThe Atom and the Periodic Table. Electron Cloud Structure Energy Levels Rows on the Periodic Table Bohr Models Electron Dot Diagrams
The Atom and the Periodic Table Electron Cloud Structure Energy Levels Rows on the Periodic Table Bohr Models Electron Dot Diagrams Review The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups.
More informationUnit 3 Study Guide: Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table
Name: Teacher s Name: Class: Block: Date: Unit 3 Study Guide: Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table 1. For each of the following elements, state whether the element is radioactive, synthetic or both.
More informationAtomic Structure: Chapter Problems
Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems Bohr Model Class Work 1. Describe the nuclear model of the atom. 2. Explain the problems with the nuclear model of the atom. 3. According to Niels Bohr, what does n stand
More informationUntitled Document. 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? 4. Which statement best describes the density of an atom s nucleus?
Name: Date: 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? A. protons and electrons grouped together in a random pattern B. protons and electrons grouped together in an alternating pattern C. a core
More informationTrends of the Periodic Table Diary
Trends of the Periodic Table Diary Trends are patterns of behaviors that atoms on the periodic table of elements follow. Trends hold true most of the time, but there are exceptions, or blips, where the
More informationAtomic Calculations. 2.1 Composition of the Atom. number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number
2.1 Composition of the Atom Atomic Calculations number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons number of protons = number of electrons IF positive
More informationCHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers
1 CHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers 1. Which statement regarding the gold foil experiment is false? (a) It was performed by Rutherford and his research group early in the 20 th century. (b) Most of
More informationUnit 3.2: The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends Notes
Unit 3.2: The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends Notes The Organization of the Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev was the first to organize the elements by their periodic properties. In 1871 he arranged the
More informationPeriodic Table Trends in Element Properties Ron Robertson
Periodic Table Trends in Element Properties Ron Robertson r2 n:\files\courses\1110-20\2010 possible slides for web\ch9trans2.doc The Periodic Table Quick Historical Review Mendeleev in 1850 put together
More informationChapter 18: The Structure of the Atom
Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom 1. For most elements, an atom has A. no neutrons in the nucleus. B. more protons than electrons. C. less neutrons than electrons. D. just as many electrons as protons.
More informationChemistry. The student will be able to identify and apply basic safety procedures and identify basic equipment.
Chemistry UNIT I: Introduction to Chemistry The student will be able to describe what chemistry is and its scope. a. Define chemistry. b. Explain that chemistry overlaps many other areas of science. The
More informationFlame Tests & Electron Configuration
Flame Tests & Electron Configuration INTRODUCTION Many elements produce colors in the flame when heated. The origin of this phenomenon lies in the arrangement, or configuration of the electrons in the
More informationWAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
WAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION All waves are characterized by their wavelength, frequency and speed. Wavelength (lambda, ): the distance between any 2 successive crests or troughs. Frequency (nu,):
More informationP. Table & E Configuration Practice TEST
P. Table & E Configuration Practice TEST Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A line spectrum is produced when an electron moves from one energy
More information3 CHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS: ELEMENTS, ATOMS AND IONS
3 CHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS: ELEMENTS, ATOMS AND IONS All matter is built up from chemical combinations of elements. As of 2003, there are 114 known elements, of which 88 are naturally occurring; the remaining
More informationChapter 7. Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 7 John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Development of Table
More informationChapter 3. Elements, Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table
Chapter 3. Elements, Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table In the early 1800's many elements had been discovered and found to have different properties. In 1817 Döbreiner's
More informationChemistry CP Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration. Learning Targets (Your exam at the end of Unit 2 will assess the following:)
Chemistry CP Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Electron Learning Targets (Your exam at the end of Unit 2 will assess the following:) 2. Atomic Structure and Electron 2-1. Give the one main contribution to the
More informationUNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS
UNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS 2.1 Elements An element is a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances. Each element is represented by an abbreviation called
More informationCHEMISTRY BONDING REVIEW
Answer the following questions. CHEMISTRY BONDING REVIEW 1. What are the three kinds of bonds which can form between atoms? The three types of Bonds are Covalent, Ionic and Metallic. Name Date Block 2.
More information7.4. Using the Bohr Theory KNOW? Using the Bohr Theory to Describe Atoms and Ions
7.4 Using the Bohr Theory LEARNING TIP Models such as Figures 1 to 4, on pages 218 and 219, help you visualize scientific explanations. As you examine Figures 1 to 4, look back and forth between the diagrams
More informationNOTES ON The Structure of the Atom
NOTES ON The Structure of the Atom Chemistry is the study of matter and its properties. Those properties can be explained by examining the atoms that compose the matter. An atom is the smallest particle
More informationAtoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter
Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 2 1 Chapter Outline 2.1 The Rutherford Model of Atomic Structure 2.2 Nuclides and Their Symbols 2.3 Navigating the Periodic Table 2.4 The
More informationCHAPTER 6 Chemical Bonding
CHAPTER 6 Chemical Bonding SECTION 1 Introduction to Chemical Bonding OBJECTIVES 1. Define Chemical bond. 2. Explain why most atoms form chemical bonds. 3. Describe ionic and covalent bonding.. 4. Explain
More informationCh. 9 - Electron Organization. The Bohr Model [9.4] Orbitals [9.5, 9.6] Counting Electrons, configurations [9.7]
Ch. 9 - Electron Organization The Bohr Model [9.4] Orbitals [9.5, 9.6] Counting Electrons, configurations [9.7] Predicting ion charges from electron configurations. CHEM 100 F07 1 Organization of Electrons
More informationName Class Date. What is ionic bonding? What happens to atoms that gain or lose electrons? What kinds of solids are formed from ionic bonds?
CHAPTER 1 2 Ionic Bonds SECTION Chemical Bonding BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is ionic bonding? What happens to atoms that gain or lose
More informationMODERN ATOMIC THEORY AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
CHAPTER 10 MODERN ATOMIC THEORY AND THE PERIODIC TABLE SOLUTIONS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. Wavelength is defined as the distance between consecutive peaks in a wave. It is generally symbolized by the Greek
More informationPeriodic Table Questions
Periodic Table Questions 1. The elements characterized as nonmetals are located in the periodic table at the (1) far left; (2) bottom; (3) center; (4) top right. 2. An element that is a liquid at STP is
More information3. What would you predict for the intensity and binding energy for the 3p orbital for that of sulfur?
PSI AP Chemistry Periodic Trends MC Review Name Periodic Law and the Quantum Model Use the PES spectrum of Phosphorus below to answer questions 1-3. 1. Which peak corresponds to the 1s orbital? (A) 1.06
More informationThe Advanced Placement Examination in Chemistry. Part I Multiple Choice Questions Part II Free Response Questions Selected Questions from1970 to 2010
The Advanced Placement Examination in Chemistry Part I Multiple Choice Questions Part II Free Response Questions Selected Questions from1970 to 2010 Atomic Theory and Periodicity Part I 1984 1. Which of
More information6.5 Periodic Variations in Element Properties
324 Chapter 6 Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements 6.5 Periodic Variations in Element Properties By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe and explain the observed trends
More informationChapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life
Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life Name Period This chapter covers the basics that you may have learned in your chemistry class. Whether your teacher goes over this chapter, or assigns it for you
More informationAtomic Structure Chapter 5 Assignment & Problem Set
Atomic Structure Name Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1. Date 2. Date 3. Date 4. Date 5. Date 6. Date 7. Date 8. Atomic Structure 2 Study Guide: Things You Must Know Vocabulary (know the definition
More informationPERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Periodic Table: an arrangement of elements in horizontal rows (Periods) and vertical columns (Groups) exhibits periodic repetition of properties First Periodic Table: discovered
More informationAtoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter
Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 2 1 Chapter Outline 2.1 The Rutherford Model of Atomic Structure 2.2 Nuclides and Their Symbols 2.3 Navigating the Periodic Table 2.4 The
More information19.1 Bonding and Molecules
Most of the matter around you and inside of you is in the form of compounds. For example, your body is about 80 percent water. You learned in the last unit that water, H 2 O, is made up of hydrogen and
More informationPERIODIC TABLE. reflect
reflect Suppose you wanted to organize your locker at school. How could you separate and arrange everything in an organized way? You could place the books, notebooks, and folders on a shelf that is separate
More informationANSWER KEY. Energy Levels, Electrons and IONIC Bonding It s all about the Give and Take!
ANSWER KEY Energy Levels, Electrons and IONIC Bonding It s all about the Give and Take! From American Chemical Society Middle School Chemistry Unit: Chapter 4 Content Statements: Distinguish the difference
More informationLaboratory 11: Molecular Compounds and Lewis Structures
Introduction Laboratory 11: Molecular Compounds and Lewis Structures Molecular compounds are formed by sharing electrons between non-metal atoms. A useful theory for understanding the formation of molecular
More informationIonic and Metallic Bonding
Ionic and Metallic Bonding BNDING AND INTERACTINS 71 Ions For students using the Foundation edition, assign problems 1, 3 5, 7 12, 14, 15, 18 20 Essential Understanding Ions form when atoms gain or lose
More informationB) atomic number C) both the solid and the liquid phase D) Au C) Sn, Si, C A) metal C) O, S, Se C) In D) tin D) methane D) bismuth B) Group 2 metal
1. The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing A) atomic mass B) atomic number C) molar mass D) oxidation number 2. Which list of elements consists of a metal, a metalloid, and
More informationAll about Chemical Bonding Ionic
Program Support Notes by: Peter Gribben BA BSc (Hons) PGCE Produced by: VEA Pty Ltd Commissioning Editor: Darren Gray Cert IV Training & Assessment Executive Producer: Simon Garner B.Ed, Dip Management
More informationEXPERIMENT 4 The Periodic Table - Atoms and Elements
EXPERIMENT 4 The Periodic Table - Atoms and Elements INTRODUCTION Primary substances, called elements, build all the materials around you. There are more than 109 different elements known today. The elements
More informationIt takes four quantum numbers to describe an electron. Additionally, every electron has a unique set of quantum numbers.
So, quantum mechanics does not define the path that the electron follows; rather, quantum mechanics works by determining the energy of the electron. Once the energy of an electron is known, the probability
More informationChapter 7 Periodic Properties of the Elements
Chapter 7 Periodic Properties of the Elements 1. Elements in the modern version of the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing. (a). oxidation number (b). atomic mass (c). average atomic mass
More informationArrangement of Electrons in Atoms
CHAPTER 4 PRE-TEST Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms In the space provided, write the letter of the term that best completes each sentence or best answers each question. 1. Which of the following orbital
More informationSCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table
Lesson Topics Covered SCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table 1 Note: History of Atomic Theory progression of understanding of composition of matter; ancient Greeks and
More information5.1 Evolution of the Atomic Model
5.1 Evolution of the Atomic Model Studying the atom has been a fascination of scientists for hundreds of years. Even Greek philosophers, over 2500 years ago, discussed the idea of there being a smallest
More informationClass Notes Standards Addressed: 8.3.11
Name: Period #: Class Notes Standards Addressed: 8.3.11 History of the Periodic Table: Demitri Mendeleev = Russian chemist who discovered a pattern to the in 1869. o How did he discovery a pattern to the
More informationTrends of the Periodic Table Basics
Trends of the Periodic Table Basics Trends are patterns of behaviors that atoms on the periodic table of elements follow. Trends hold true most of the time, but there are exceptions, or blips, where the
More informationChapter 2 Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table
Chapter 2 Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table 2.1 (a) neutron; (b) law of conservation of mass; (c) proton; (d) main-group element; (e) relative atomic mass; (f) mass number; (g) isotope; (h) cation; (i)
More informationAtoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table (Chapter 2)
Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table (Chapter 2) Atomic Structure 1. Historical View - Dalton's Atomic Theory Based on empirical observations, formulated as Laws of: Conservation of Mass Definite Proportions
More informationChapter Five: Atomic Theory and Structure
Chapter Five: Atomic Theory and Structure Evolution of Atomic Theory The ancient Greek scientist Democritus is often credited with developing the idea of the atom Democritus proposed that matter was, on
More informationAAHS-CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM PREP-REVIEW GUIDE MAY-JUNE 2014 DR. GRAY CLASS OF 2016
AAHS-CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM PREP-REVIEW GUIDE MAY-JUNE 2014 DR. GRAY CLASS OF 2016 UNIT I: (CHAPTER 1-Zumdahl text) The Nature of Science and Chemistry 1. Explain why knowledge of chemistry is central to
More informationChapter Outline. 3 Elements and Compounds. Elements and Atoms. Elements. Elements. Elements 9/4/2013
3 Elements and Compounds Chapter Outline 3.1 Elements A. Distribution of Elements Foundations of College Chemistry, 14 th Ed. Morris Hein and Susan Arena Copyright This reclining Buddha in Thailand is
More informationCHAPTER 6 REVIEW. Chemical Bonding. Answer the following questions in the space provided.
Name Date lass APTER 6 REVIEW hemical Bonding SETIN 1 SRT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. a A chemical bond between atoms results from the attraction between the valence
More informationTro's "Introductory Chemistry", Chapter 4
1 Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro Atoms and Elements Opening figure showing a shore scene with molecules of O 2, N 2, triethyl amine (CH 3 CH 2 ) 3 N, and rocks made of silicates containing
More informationCHEMISTRY II FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Name Period CHEMISTRY II FINAL EXAM REVIEW Final Exam: approximately 75 multiple choice questions Ch 12: Stoichiometry Ch 5 & 6: Electron Configurations & Periodic Properties Ch 7 & 8: Bonding Ch 14: Gas
More informationChapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life Multiple-Choice Questions 1) About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living
More informationCHAPTER 9 ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND THE PERIODIC LAW
CHAPTER 9 ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND THE PERIODIC LAW Quantum mechanics can account for the periodic structure of the elements, by any measure a major conceptual accomplishment for any theory. Although accurate
More informationChemistry 2 Chapter 13: Electrons in Atoms Please do not write on the test Use an answer sheet! 1 point/problem 45 points total
Chemistry 2 Chapter 13: Electrons in Atoms Please do not write on the test Use an answer sheet! 1 point/problem 45 points total 1. Calculate the energy in joules of a photon of red light that has a frequency
More information