Canada s Population OVERVIEW & OBJECTIVES GRADE REQUIRED MATERIALS

Transcription

1 Canada s Population OVERVIEW & OBJECTIVES GRADE REQUIRED MATERIALS Students describe the distribution, density and growth of Canada s population based on patterns of current and historic settlement and physical features. Students also describe Canada s culture mosaic addressing current immigration, migration, and culture patterns. Students will be able to... Describe Canada s population distribution, density and growth Describe how Canada s physical geography affects the location and size of its population centers Describe the patterns of Canada s recent immigration and migration Describe the diversity of Canada s population as a culture mosaic 8! Outline political maps of Canada: TIME Coastline and Boundaries of Canada or Coastline, Boundaries and Names of 2-5 days Canada and Place Locations and depending on Names of Canada Atlas of Canada number of ( activities and ence) extensions! Colored pencils selected! Atlases! Computer Internet access with projector! Computer Internet access for students! Handouts: Urban Populations, Canada Exit Card, Canada s Cultural Mosaic, Diversity of Canada MINNESOTA SOCIAL STUDIES STANDARD(S) & BENCHMARK(S) Standard 5. The characteristics, distribution and migration of human populations on the earth s surface influence human systems (cultural, economic and political systems) Describe the locations of human populations and the cultural characteristics of the United States and Canada. For example: Locations of human populations density and distribution of population, patterns of human settlement, location of major urban centers, dynamics of population growth, migration, refugees, rural to urban movement, suburbanization, migration of labor. Cultural characteristics patterns of government, international relations, colonialism, patterns of language, patterns of religion, distribution of major cultural groups and minority groups, significant current changes in culture and economy. SUGGESTED PROCEDURE Introduction The teacher will introduce the lesson by asking students what Hayden Christensen and Justin Bieber have in common. Answer: They re both from Canada. Ask students to identify others from Canada. (They may include: Carly Rae Jepsen, Seth Rogen, William Shatner, Avril Lavigne, Michael Buble, Wayne Gretsky, Terry Fox, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Farley Mowat, Guglielmo Marconi, Alexander Graham Bell.) Ask students why they know so many famous people from Canada. Discuss with the class the similarities

2 in populations between Canada and the United States, including similar language, appearance, culture, and location. Tell students that they re going to investigate the people of Canada, including where they live and who they are. Where Canadians Live This is from a Northern Neighbor Lesson, Where Canadians Live. You can access Northern Neighbor lessons on the K-12 Study Canada website under Resources and Canada: Northern Neighbor at Students will understand where Canadians live by using a map, watching a video, and making a bar graph. The teacher begins by giving each student an outline political map of Canada. Instruct students to: 1. Draw a line 50 miles north of the Canada-U.S. border and shade the area between the border and the line draw. (150 miles=241 kilometers) 2. Locate and label Canada s major cities using the Urban Populations handout and an atlas 3. Ask: Why are Canada s major cities located near the border with the U.S.? 4. List students responses on the board 5. All 10 of Canada s largest cities are located within the shaded area except Edmonton. Ask: Why might Edmonton have such a large population? (provincial capital and oil resources) Show the video, Where We Live, referenced under Web Resources, which summarizes Canada s population and historic settlement. After the video, provide relief, climate, and resource maps of Canada for students to examine. Note: Most of the maps are provided with this lesson, however, additional maps can be found in an atlas or at and Ask: Based on the video and the examination of the maps of Canada, what are additional reasons why Canada s major cities are located near the border with the U.S.? Note: Add the additional responses on the board. Instruct students to: Make a bar graph of population for each of the 10 provinces to correspond with the map already made using the landscape perspective and have students label the provinces on the bar graph. Students do the same with the three territories. Ask: What provinces have the greatest population? What provinces have the least population? Why is the pattern of population variable? How does the population of the territories compare with the population of the provinces? Why is there a dramatic difference? Population Density and Population Distribution of Provinces Students will understand population density and population distribution in Canada as well as population growth in Canada over time. The teacher introduces population density and distribution of Canada using the computer projector and several websites listed below.

3 Compare the maps of Canada population distribution and Canada population density (Chapter: Summary of Population ; Interactive Maps at As an alternative, current population distribution maps (2006, 2006, 2001) are available at the following three websites from the Government of Canada and Traveling Mark blog: Note: A 2006 Population Density Map can be accessed through Statistics Canada at The teacher explains that the maps have the same data, but are displayed differently. Ask: What is the difference between distribution and density? When might you use one map rather than the other? Compare these maps with population maps of the U.S. What patterns of population distribution and density do you notice? What similarities and differences do you notice in the two countries population distribution and density? Examine the change in population among the provinces over the past 100 years using the interactive Population Growth map at Ask: What was the pattern of population that existed 100 years ago? The teacher demonstrates by showing the Province Names by Year beginning with 1851; then showing Population Circles by Year beginning with 1851 and the names of the provinces. Ask: What is the pattern of growth across the nation? What provinces had the earliest growth? What provinces had the greatest growth? Activity 1 - Place Mark Working in six small groups, students will engage in an activity to examine a province or group of provinces or territories to determine historical population growth. They will provide a Place Mark (with a text summary) on a Google Map that summarizes population growth for their province(s)/territories. Locations to Place Mark on Google Map: " Atlantic Provinces " Quebec " Ontario " Prairie Provinces " British Columbia " Territories Note: Students may also complete this task by writing a summary and presenting the paragraph on a map or poster or another selected method.

4 Instruct students to: Read the text found at Alternate Format for their province(s) at and examine the corresponding population map. Students will summarize the population of their province(s)/territories and its major city using the alternate format text, corresponding population map of the provinces/territories, and an atlas for topography, climate and resources (or use the online maps). Students will place the summary as a Place Mark on a Google Earth map with the brief text that explains why the population is located in particular areas of the province(s). Students will share their Place Mark with the class. The brief summary should include: 1. Describe the original population 2. Describe the distribution and density of the current population in the province(s)/territories 3. Explain why the distribution and density of the current population is in that particular pattern Students review their work and complete the chart, Canada Exit Card. Canada: A Cultural Mosaic Canada is a diverse country with multiple languages and numerous ethnic/cultural groups. Canada is a cultural mosaic because, as immigrants become Canadians, the country allows and encourages the celebration of the many native or origin cultures. Students complete the handout, Canada s Cultural Mosaic, while investigating Canada s language, urban/rural population, and immigration and migration. The teacher should review the following three options and select the one which best suits his/her students: Instruct students to: Read the brief excerpt, Canada A Cultural Mosaic at and the paragraph True Canadians: Multiculturalism in Canada Debated from CBC Digital Archives at to understand Canada s cultural mosaic. Instruct the students to: Read and respond to the teacher questions using Cultural Mosaic located at This summary of immigration to Canada, multiculturalism in Canada, and refugees to Canada is very readable. Instruct the students to: Read and discuss The Canadian Mosaic Project :, a personal project done by photojournalist Tim Van Horn to celebrate Canada s culture. Languages Using a computer projector, the teacher shows the map, Bilingualism in Canada, from Wikimedia Commons at to identify locations of bilingualism. Ask: What are the two official languages of Canada? What province has the highest percentage of French-speaking persons? Speculate why this is true.

5 Urban and Rural Populations Using a computer projector, the teacher directs students to the Population pyramid with metropolitan and nonmetropolitan populations at: Ask: Why do you think there are fewer men and women ages living in non-metropolitan areas? Next, the teacher goes to Population, urban and rural, by province and territory at Instruct students to: Identify the changing populations of Canada and the percentages of urban and rural populations by completing the Canada Population Change and Percent of Urban and Rural Populations chart. Answer Key for Canada Population Change and Percent of Urban and Rural Populations Year Population % Urban % Rural ,400,000 13% 87% ,400,000 37% 63% ,000,000 62% 38% ,000,000 80% 20% ,400,000 81% 19% The teacher begins a discussion with: Most people in Canada used to live in the countryside, but now most people live in cities. Ask: When did the population become more urban than rural according to the chart? What do you think may be the percentage of urban population in 2021 and why? Immigration and Migration The teacher discusses immigration: Immigration is important to Canada, providing the increased population necessary for its future population growth and strong economy. Immigrants provide skilled workers, new inventions and technologies, and diverse cultures. Immigrants have come to Canada because of various push-pull factors. The teacher explains how push and pull factors may act in concert, driving people away while attracting people to particular countries. Some people left their country because of repressive governments, religious persecution, warfare, and famine and others came to Canada because of Canada s democratic government, high standard of living, economic opportunity, the prospect to succeed, and a multicultural society. 1. Begin examination of immigration by showing the graph, Immigrants to Canada line graph, from the Historical Atlas of Canada, Chapter: Migration at Ask: When was the number of immigrants to Canada greatest in past 100 years? When was the number of immigrants

6 to Canada least in past 100 years? Discuss with students why these years would have a greater number or a lesser number of immigrants. 2. Next, the teacher goes to the graph, Major Ethnic Groups from the Historical Atlas of Canada, Chapter: Population Composition at Ask: What are the three major ethnic groups in Canada? British, French, and German 3. Students should identify the origin of recent immigrant population to Canada for The teacher goes to Table at Statistics Canada for Immigrants to Canada, by country of last permanent residence. Click manipulate tab for total annual immigrants. Ask: What is Canada s total number of immigrants in 2012? 257,892 Ask: In 2012, what five countries did most of Canada s immigrants come from? Philippines (32,830), India (29,010), U.S. (9,436), France (8,157), and Great Britain (7,277) 4. Last, the teacher directs students to the Highlights of Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada found at Statistics Canada, National Household Survey Ask: There are over 6 million immigrants in Canada, which is what percentage of Canada s population? 20% Ask: To what 4 provinces did most immigrants come? Ontario, British Columbia, Quebec, Alberta Ask: Why do you think immigrants might move to Ontario, British Columbia, Quebec, and Alberta? Westernmost province for immigrants from Asia, Quebec for Francophone speakers, opportunities for jobs in oil/natural gas and manufacturing/financial arenas. Note: Answers are found under the "Highlights" section of the "Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada". Activity 2 - Diversity of Canada Students work with a partner(s) (2-3 students) to investigate the diversity of a province or territory and its largest city (the capital) by examining data, completing the chart on the handout, answering questions, and sharing information with classmates. The teacher demonstrates gathering data for the chart by completing one of the provinces Newfoundland and Labrador, for example. The teacher goes to National Household Survey at and click Census Metropolitan Area. Next, click the name of the province and the capital city; then click the tab Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity. Read through the information with the students and provide the answers to the selected Province and Metropolitan Area on the chart of Diversity of Canada handout for the students.

7 Last, the teacher proposes answers to the two questions at the bottom of the chart. Assign students in twelve small groups to a province or territory to complete their part of the chart. Note: Explain to students that they should begin with the largest metropolitan area of their province (usually the capital) to access information for both the city and the province/territory simultaneously. Most information is on data charts; however, some information may be within the text. Nunavut is available, but not its capital, Iqaluit, so students need to go directly to Provinces and Territories instead of the Census Metropolitan Area. Students share information with their peers through a jigsaw so everyone has a completed chart. Students record the information on their chart so charts are completed with all the data. Students review their work and answer the questions on an exit card: Answer Key Canada Exit Card Questions Answers What are Canada s major languages? English & French What are Canada s 3 major ethnic groups? British, French, German What is the total percentage of immigrants in Canada? 20% From what 5 countries did most immigrants in 2012 come? Philippines 33, 393 India 28,781 U.S. 9,571 France 8,147 Great Britain 7,547 What 4 provinces are most immigrants moving to? British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, Quebec What is the percentage of urban population? 81% Students will be able to answer the following questions as a result of the lessons on population: " Where is Canada s population located? Why do most people live near the southern border? " Why are the major cities located in the SE and SW areas of Canada? Why do people choose to live in those particular areas? " Are total populations and areas of the provinces similar? Does a larger province mean a larger population? " Which city is further north: Seattle, Minneapolis, Toronto, or Boston? " What might be some advantages and disadvantages of Canadians living close to the U.S. border? " Why can Canada be called a cultural mosaic? In what provinces and cities are immigrants settling? What provinces and cities have the greatest diversity of immigrants? " How has Canada s physical geography affected the locations and sizes of its population centers? Extensions 1. Students watch a video and write two brief paragraphs answering the questions: What are the qualities of Canadians? and What makes Canada unique? Watch the video, Who is a Canadian? from Tom Brokaw Explains Canada to Americans (6:16) at: Challenge students to write two brief paragraphs answering the same questions for the United States.

8 2. Understand the pattern of population by looking at population in Canada and the U.S. with a population distribution map of North America by examining this dot map created from census data: Ask: Can you identify the political borders? Can you identify major cities? What areas are most densely populated? What type of activities tend to occur in these particular areas? 3. Students understand the Canadian mosaic by reading Canada celebrates evolving cultural mosaic on Canada Day from CanadaVisa.com at Students watch the multimedia light show that celebrates Canada s diverse culture, which occurs every summer on the side of the Parliament building in the capital, Ottawa at either site: Canada Mosaic (2013) (7.55) at or Parliament Hill Ottawa, Mosaika-Light Show (4.27) Students demonstrate their understanding of Canada s cultural mosaic by selecting one of the following projects: Students create a collage of pictures or photos. Students gather pictures of Canadians from magazines or websites in order to construct a collage that illustrates the Canadian Mosaic. Students may add tiles of different colors or cultural artifacts of various culture features to make the mosaic. Students share their results in a gallery walk to observe the posted mosaics. As an alternative, students construct a culture mosaic of their school or grade using photos of classmates to construct a flag. The example of this is the Canadian Mosaic Project, which is a personal project done by photojournalist Tim Van Horn to celebrate Canada s culture seen at: Students create a menu for the diverse cultures of Canada or of the province that they reported using foods that represent the various cultures 4. Students read and respond to teacher questions using Cultural Mosaic located at Hub Pages This summary of immigration to Canada, multiculturalism in Canada, and refugees to Canada is very readable. Assessment " Outline map and bar graph of Canada population " Student responses " Place Mark Summary of population in a province/territory " Exit Ticket chart " Canada s Cultural Mosaic handout " Diversity of Canada handout " Canada Exit Card questions

9 Websites Resources Outline political maps of Canada: Coastline and Boundaries of Canada or Coastline, Boundaries and Names of Canada and Place Locations and Names of Canada : Atlas of Canada Natural Resources Video: Where We Live? Canada at Statistics Canada Relief Map: Atlas of Canada Climate Map: Statistics Canada Resource Map: Resource Reliant Communities, 2001 ; Access map on 2012 power point Canada: A Regional Geography by Dr. David Rossiter Agriculture Map: Canadian Encyclopedia Summary of Population ; Interactive Maps for Population Distribution, Density, and Growth Population Distribution Maps (2006, 2006, 2001): Government of Canada and Traveling Mark blog Population Density Map (2006): Statistics Canada Small Group Activity: Where We Live? Canada at Statistics Canada Canada A Cultural Mosaic paragraph at Immigration from School District #71 True Canadians: Multiculturalism in Canada Debated from CBC Digital Archives Cultural Mosaic from Hub Pages About the Canadian Mosaic Project from Canadian Mosaic Project Bilingualism in Canada map from Wikimedia Commons Population Pyramid with Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan Populations at Statistics Canada Population, Urban and Rural, by Province and Territory from Statistics Canada Immigrants to Canada line graph; at Chapter Migration from Historical Atlas of Canada Major Ethnic Groups at Chapter Population Composition from Historical Atlas of Canada Immigrants to Canada, by Country of Last Permanent Residence; Table from Statistics Canada Highlights of Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada from Statistics Canada, National Household Survey Provinces and Territories under Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity at National Household Survey from Statistics Canada Canada Lessons from K-12 Study Canada

10 Urban Populations City Populations City Population Toronto 5,838,000 Montreal 3,908,000 Vancouver 2,419,000 Ottawa 1,258,000 Calgary 1,265,000 Edmonton 1,196,000 Quebec Hamilton Winnipeg 762,000 London 497,000 Populations Place Population % of National Population Area (square miles) World 7,000,000,000 U.S. (3 rd in world) 314,000,000 3,679,245 California (1 st in U.S.) 37,000, ,704 Canada (35 th in world) 35,000,000 3,849,674 Ontario 13,000,000 40% 412,581 Quebec 7,000,000 24% 594,860 Minnesota 5,379,000 86,943 British Columbia 4,000,000 13% 365,948 Alberta 3,000,000 10% 255,287 Manitoba 1,000,000 4% 250,947 Saskatchewan 1,000,000 3% 251,866 Nova Scotia 945,000 3% 21,425 New Brunswick 755,000 2% 28,355 Newfoundland & Labrador 510,000 2% 156,649 Prince Edward s Island 145,000 <1% 2,185 Northwest Territories 43,000 1/10 th % 519,734 Yukon 34,000 1/10 th % 186,272 Nunavut 33,000 1/10 th % 725,018

11 Canada Exit Card Question United States Canada What is the total population? 314 million What province has the largest population? California (37 million) What province has the smallest population? Wyoming (500,000) What is the population density? 79.6 What province has the largest population density? New Jersey (1,100) Washington, DC (9,800) What province has the least population density? Alaska (1.2) What are the 3 largest cities? New York City Los Angeles Chicago Answer Key - Canada Exit Card Question United States Canada What is the total population? 314 million 35 million What province has the largest population? What province has the smallest population? California (37 million) Wyoming (500,000) 1/10 of U.S. Ontario (13 million) Prince Edward s Island (140,000) Nunavut (31,000) What is the population density? What province has the largest population density? New Jersey (1,100) Washington, DC (9,800) Prince Edward s Island (24.7) What province has the least population density? Alaska (1.2) Newfoundland & Labrador (1.4) What are the 3 largest cities? New York City Los Angeles Chicago Northwest Territories (.0) Toronto Montreal Vancouver

12 Canada s Cultural Mosaic Directions: Answer the questions below while learning about Canada s cultural mosaic of various languages, populations, and immigrants. Cultural Mosaic Why is Canada called a cultural mosaic? Languages What are the 2 official languages of Canada? What province has the highest percentage of French-speaking persons? Speculate why this is true Urban and Rural Populations Identify the percentages of urban and rural populations by completing the chart: Year Population % Urban % Rural ,400, ,400, ,000, ,000, ,400,000 When did the population become more urban than rural according to the chart? Immigration/Migration What are the 3 major ethnic groups in Canada? What is Canada s total number of immigrants in 2012? From what 5 countries did most of Canada s immigrants in 2012 come? There are over 6 million immigrants in Canada, which is what percentage of the population? What 4 provinces are most people in Canada moving to?

13 Diversity of Canada Directions: Complete the chart with information on your province and its major metropolitan area by using the resource: After locating your province or territory and its capital city, go to Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity. Next, answer the two questions at the bottom. Last, be prepared to share the information with your classmates. Does it have a greater or lesser percentage of immigrants than the country of Canada? What are the 3 major countries of immigrants by country of birth? What are the 3 non-official languages (not English or French) spoken most often at home? What are the 3 major visible minority groups? What are the 3 most frequently reported ethnic origins? What are the 3 most frequently reported religions? Country Canada India China United Kingdom Chinese Cantonese Punjabi Chinese South Asian 4.8% Chinese 4.0% Black 2.9% Canadian English French Roman Catholic United Church Anglican Province Metropolitan Area How would you describe the diversity of people in your province? How would you describe the diversity of the major metropolitan area?

14 NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR TERRE-NEUVE-ET-LABRABOR Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (FRANCE) P E I Î-P-É NOUVELLE-ÉCOSSE N B NOVA SCOTIA N-B CANADA km km C C Q U Q B É U E B E E NORTH POLE PÔLE NORD O N T A R I O A V U T N U N M A N I T O B A YUKON NORTHWEST TERRITORIES TERRITOIRES DU NORD-OUEST BRITISH COLUMBIA ALBERTA COLOMBIE- SASKATCHEWAN BRITANNIQUE BOUNDARIES International Provincial and Territorial Dividing line (Canada / Kalaallit Nunaat) 200-mile limit (Exclusive Economic Zone) FRONTIÈRES ET LIMITES Frontière internationale Limite provinciale et territoriale Ligne de séparation (Canada / Kalaallit Nunaat) Limite de 200 milles (Zone Économique Exclusive) Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, Natural Resources Canada. Sa Majesté la Reine du chef du Canada, Ressources naturelles Canada. atlas.gc.ca NB = New Brunswick N-B = Nouveau-Brunswick PEI = Prince Edward Island Î-P-É = Île-du-Prince-Édouard

15 2001. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, Natural Resources Canada. Sa Majesté la Reine du chef du Canada, Ressources naturelles Canada. CANADA km km

16 Kuujjuaq Inukjuak Attawapiskat QUÉBEC Timmins $ $ London Happy Valley- Goose Bay ST JOHN S Corner Brook Gaspé CHARLOTTETOWN FREDERICTON HALIFAX Saint John Yarmouth km km Sept- Îles Nain Montréal $ Pangnirtung Chibougamau Val-d Or Chisasibi Sault Ste Marie Sudbury Salluit Windsor Pond Inlet Alert Resolute Sachs Harbour Tuktoyaktuk Old Crow Inuvik Cambridge Bay Déline Baker Lake Watson Lake Rankin Inlet Hay River Fort Nelson Stewart Masset Fort Churchill McMurray Prince George La Loche Thompson EDMONTON Port Hardy Kamloops Sandy Lake Calgary Vancouver Saskatoon Moose Jaw Kenora CANADA OTTAWA IQALUIT TORONTO WHITEHORSE YELLOWKNIFE VICTORIA REGINA Bay Thunder WINNIPEG Brandon POPULATED PLACES Federal capital Provincial or Territorial capital Other populated places BOUNDARIES International Provincial and Territorial Dividing line (Canada / Kalaallit Nunaat) 200-mile limit (Exclusive Economic Zone) LIEUX HABITÉS Capitale nationale Capitale provinciale ou territoriale Autres lieux habités FRONTIÈRES ET LIMITES Frontière internationale Limite provinciale et territoriale Ligne de séparation (Canada / Kalaallit Nunaat) Limite de 200 milles (Zone Économique Exclusive) Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, Natural Resources Canada. Sa Majesté la Reine du chef du Canada, Ressources naturelles Canada.