Human Trafficking in the Russian Federation

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Human Trafficking in the Russian Federation"

Transcription

1 Human Trafficking in the Russian Federation Laurel Mazur The Russian Federation is a major source, point of transit, and destination for human trafficking. Human trafficking in Russia is a multifaceted problem; forced labor, prostitution, child sex tourism, and forced begging are abundant. 1 To date, the current efforts, laws, and programs in place to combat human trafficking within the Russian Federation are inadequate due to the scale of the problem, a lack of coordination, and the role of corruption within the country. The laws that have been passed have yet to be fully enforced. Russia, placed on the Tier 2 Watch List by the United States Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report 2010, has not fully complied and implemented suggested strategies of victim assistance, shelter, and rehabilitation. Human Trafficking in Russia: An Overview Forced begging is a phenomenon most common in large cities within Russia such as Moscow and St. Petersburg. On the other hand, the majority of forced labor occurs in rural areas, especially in the country s eastern reaches. Sex slavery is prevalent in nearly all geographic regions of Russia as well as in surrounding nations. Women and children are most vulnerable to human trafficking and sexual exploitation. Those with little to no perceived agency or opportunities for employment, such as the disabled and the elderly are also susceptible, especially to forced begging. 2 In addition to gender, age, and physical ability, poverty also renders people vulnerable to trafficking. When people live in abject poverty, almost any opportunity, even involving illegal migration and potential exploitation, may be appealing, thus increasing the risk of possible trafficking. In Russia, informal employment within the shadow economy creates a situation of vulnerability for many people; essentially, anyone 1 Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 29

2 employed informally, without standard social protections, runs the risk of being subject to forms of labor exploitation that verge on human trafficking. 3 The high degree of human trafficking within the Russian Federation has significant international implications. Russian women are trafficked to many parts of Western Europe and North America for purposes of sexual exploitation and as mail-order brides for wealthy Western men. 4 Illegal migration routes from nations in Asia such as Cambodia, China, and Thailand use the Russian Federation for transit. Russia is a destination country for people trafficked from poor Asian countries and even more commonly from nations within the Commonwealth of Independent States. Common sources of human trafficking within the CIS are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. 5 The prevalence of trafficking from CIS countries is largely due to both regional proximity and the visa-free system put in place to facilitate migration among these countries. 6 Many people migrate among these countries undocumented and unnoticed by authorities, making it difficult to identify which people may be residing in Russia as a result of human trafficking. Human Trafficking Laws and Conventions Russia has begun to pass legislation in an attempt to address the problem at hand, but deficiencies in Russian legislations continue to frustrate efforts to combat human trafficking. One of the most significant pieces of legislation influencing local Russian law of human trafficking is the Palermo Protocol. The government of the Russian Federation adopted and implemented laws, Article(s) and in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation as a stricter response to the policy. Still, large gaps exist in the Palermo protocol, especially in regards to the definition of exploitation in the context of human 3 Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Penttinen, 2008, pg Aronowitz, 2009, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 33

3 trafficking. 7 Many times within the structure of a human trafficking operation, the middlemen involved have no clear intent to exploit those in their care but are just obeying orders they have been given. For example,...a seller s accomplice transferring a person to a buyer for possession, use or disposal, may not have the specific intent to exploit the victim, as the accomplice receives remuneration not as a result of the exploitation but directly from the seller prior to the exploitation. 8 Because of this lack of clear exploitive intent, the provisions outlined in Article of the Criminal Code prevent these individuals from being indicted for their crimes. In addition to the lack of exploitive intent, the perpetrators criminal intent is often not identified until the individuals are outside Russian borders and the government s jurisdiction, thus limiting Russian law enforcement s ability to respond. 9 In order for Russian law to be more effective in combating human trafficking, more comprehensive domestic legislation must be put into place. The intent of the Palermo Protocol is to target human trafficking at the transnational level, but it does not address domestic trafficking. Thus, in order to have a more comprehensive and effective approach to human trafficking legislation, the government of the Russian Federation would need to draft laws specific to internal trafficking at a domestic legal level. Explicitly defining human trafficking will be especially crucial in Russia because of the crime s simultaneous prevalence and elusiveness. However, comprehensive definitions of key terms related to human trafficking remain absent from current Russian anti-trafficking legislation. For example, there is currently no descriptive definition of victims of human trafficking, making it hard to identify people who may be being victimized. In some situations, victims may instead by identified and prosecuted as criminals depending on their migration status, mode of employment, etc. 10 The inclusion of definitions in anti-trafficking legislation in Russia would make identification and prosecution more objective, thus partially eliminating the possibility that the 7 The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Stoecker, 2005, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 31

4 process would be influenced by corruption or aims of special interest groups. In essence, Russian anti-trafficking legislation is consistent with that found in the Palermo Protocol 11, but to date the Protocol has proved inadequate in addressing domestic human trafficking on its own. Law Enforcement and Human Trafficking Despite being deeply entrenched, human trafficking is nonetheless a relatively new crime within the Russian Federation, and police officers are often ill-equipped to address it. Special law enforcement units are not set up for human trafficking and most police officers are generally unprepared to deal with such crimes. To make matters worse, the legitimacy of Russian law enforcement has been constantly called into question since the fall of the Soviet Union. Buckley s public opinion survey reveals that citizen s answers reflect a lack of belief in the efficacy of political or social institutions, whether at the apex of the system or at the grassroots level. 12 This distrust is legitimized in the fact that many law enforcement officials are either bribed by pimps and traffickers, or benefit from the services that human trafficking operations provide, particularly the commercial sex trade. For those law enforcement officers who are not, in some way, participating in human trafficking operations, it is almost impossible to gain access to or have any contact with victims. There is thus a lack of victims phenomenon present in Russia because victims of human trafficking are reluctant to share crucial information with law enforcement officials, due to distrust and fear that safety from their traffickers is not guaranteed. 13 The psychological trauma of being controlled by others is exacerbated in Russia because of extreme distrust and fear of law enforcement entities. In numerous cases, victims of human trafficking who have shared their stories with law enforcement officers find themselves merely returned to their trafficker, vulnerable to even more threats and abuse 11 Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Buckley, 2009, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 93

5 than they had endured before. 14 In many human trafficking cases, the traffickers maintain complete control over their victims through coercion and threats of force. These threats of force include anything ranging from harm to the individual or to their family if the victim were to try to escape or report the crime to law enforcement. For this reason, special consideration needs to be in place to identify victims of human trafficking while protecting them in the process. Pro-activity on the part of law enforcement is important in detecting human trafficking cases because human trafficking victims are rarely prepared to take initiative to report the crime, testify, or provide evidence. 15 Russia has proven to be deficient in creating and implementing proactive plans, relying instead on outdated modes of response that are rarely adequate in addressing complex trafficking cases. Due to police negligence, very few criminal cases and resulting prosecutions have occurred under Article and For instance, In 2009, police conducted 102 trafficking investigations under Article 127 including at least eight investigations for forced labor cases compared with 111 trafficking investigations including at least 16 forced labor investigations conducted in Those indicted for human trafficking rarely serve the three to fifteen years of incarceration called for under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 17, especially when high-level government officials are involved. 18 Even comprehensive legislation will not be adequate if the actual prosecution and criminal cases are not carried out to the fullest extent of the law. Detection of trafficking offenses must be stepped up to better combat human trafficking within the Russian Federation. As one respondent stated in the survey conducted by Buckley, Before you can solve a problem, you have 14 Cameron, 2008, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg TIPS Report 2010, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pgs. 20, TIPS Report 2010, pg

6 to realize it is a problem. 19 Because of the nature of the commercial sex trade, investigators can act as customers faking an interest in the offered goods. 20 This method, however, is generally not available in instances of forced labor because of its hidden nature and lack of geographic consolidation. Better efforts must also be made to address the less commonly acknowledged forms of human trafficking. The lack of available information or detection of cases involving forced labor and begging leads many law enforcement officers and Russian lawmakers to believe that sex trafficking is the only prevalent form of human trafficking. Business Corruption and Human Trafficking in the Russian Federation Since the fall of the Soviet Union, corruption and organized crime have been staples of life in the Russian Federation. The role of bribery and corruption is said to be one of the most important cost factors in the existence of human trafficking: Without corrupt law enforcement, border guards, police, consular officials, diplomats, lawyers, security, and transport sectors, this trade could not exist. 21 Efforts to combat human trafficking in the Russian Federation are often hindered because of endemic corruption throughout society. Corrupt businesses or government officials are also in place as seemingly legitimate fronts for human trafficking operations or transit agencies. Corrupt officials are crucial to the success of many trafficking operations because of their willingness and ability to create and provide the traffickers with fake documents and identification for the victims. These businesses often appear in the form of travel agencies or tourist firms. 22 Because of the perceived legitimacy of a travel agency, their granting of legal travel documents is rarely questioned by the government or by inspectors. In the rare occasion that these businesses are inspected, the officials in charge are usually bribed to produce a good inspection report for the agency. 19 Buckley, 2009, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Aronowitz, 2009, pg Stoecker, 2005, pg. 84

7 The issue of human trafficking in Russia is also exacerbated by a steadily growing shadow economy which accounts for around 40% of the economy. 23 Those operating within the shadow economy are able to trade people without ever being detected by the government or law enforcement. Due to the lack of actual currency being traded for these services, there is more of a chance that people will be coerced into forced labor with no binding contract or payment plan. The most common fields in which slave labor is employed within the shadow economy in Russia are construction, renovation, transportation, trade, lumbering, or seasonal farming. 24 These fields are greatly in need of unskilled labor and are often appealing to populations vulnerable to forced labor and human trafficking schemes. The presence of slave labor in the shadow economy cannot be entirely attributed to government complicity or widespread corruption but instead is a result of a dangerously unregulated sector of Russia s economy. Human trafficking is a large industry and is active enough that it would not be able to survive without the complicity of Russian officials. In the Russian Federation, bribery is an integral aspect of economic life. At times, Russia has considered the corrupted large firms as its only allies and gave no attention to the small business companies who were not protected from their deadly enemies, bribe-seeking local civil servants. 25 Legitimacy and honesty are not the primary factors that attract the support of the Russian government. Rather, the larger and more lucrative a company, the more supported it will be. These conditions provide a perfect environment for corrupt corporations to conduct human trafficking. The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Combating Human Trafficking in Russia In Russia, the responsibility of combating human trafficking has largely fallen to NGOs. Organizations that specialize in combating human trafficking, such as the Angel Coalition in Moscow, are often the most viable institutions, 23 Venard, 2009, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Venard, 2009, pg. 64

8 as they provide extensive psychological counseling, victim assistance, and rehabilitation programs. However, most NGO activity in the Russian Federation is limited by the lack of funding and support by governmental organizations. As a result, many NGOs have decided to limit their support and prevention activities to raising awareness as opposed to directly working with the victims of human trafficking. This greatly reduces the support that victims receive after being identified and thus leaves their future in the hands of law enforcement officers. The lack of actual contact with trafficking victims limits the victims ability to become rehabilitated and reclaim the lives they had before being forced into labor. In many cases, victims often perceive that their only option for survival is to live as slaves. 26 If direct contact and counseling are not provided to these men, women, and children living as slaves, they can lapse, even voluntarily, into another situation of forced labor. Unfortunately, direct contact and rehabilitation programs are the least represented effort of NGOs within the Russian Federation. NGOs, donors and the government of the Russian Federation need to apply significant support and funding to these organizations for them to be entirely effective in rehabilitating victims and preventing them from relapsing into a trafficked situation again. Only a few NGOs in Russia have made efforts to set up shelters and implement face-to-face contact programs with victims of human trafficking, most notably the Angel Coalition in Moscow which set up 5 shelters in Saint-Petersburg, Murmansk, Petrozavodsk, and Kazan. 27 With NGOs acting as an intermediary between the victims previous condition in a human trafficking situation and their new lives of freedom, psychological aspects can be addressed that assist them in realizing their full potential in a free life once more. The most common reason for lack of NGO activity in the Russian Federation is the lack of state support, including financing. 28 With the lack of support for different efforts, activities of NGOs are reduced to support hotlines and remote counseling as opposed to being equipped and able to 26 Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 97

9 handle more complex forms of assistance such as shelters and comprehensive rehabilitation programs. The lack of financial support is the largest impediment to increased NGO activity within the Russian Federation. Relationship between NGOs and Law Enforcement in Russia NGOs and law enforcement must cooperate better in order to effectively fight human trafficking. Many NGOs in Russia are working to create and provide training programs that educate law enforcement officers on the psychological care of victims of human trafficking that they may be insensitive to. Though cooperation in Russia between law enforcement and NGOs is on the rise, it is lacking because authorities are not aware of the problem. 29 There is also the problem of mutual distrust on the part of law enforcement and NGOs within Russia because of the differing aims of both organizations. The identification of trafficking victims should not be the job of law enforcement alone; it should also be undertaken by NGOs and civil society to make sure that the victims interests are accounted for. 30 The testimonies of human trafficking victims are often misunderstood by law enforcement. A common view of law enforcement officials is that a victim s personal account of their situation is most effective immediately after they have been identified as a victim of human trafficking. Conversely, the NGO and civil society community believes that it is on the basis of longer contacts and regular talks that victims are willing to tell their stories and even to testify and finally to uphold their statements. 31 In Russia, when a victim-centered approach is adopted, law enforcement is able to receive more information in the long run by paying close attention to the needs of the individuals involved. Throughout the world, it is crucial that law enforcement adopts a human rights centered approach when dealing with victims of human trafficking. 32 The inclusion of NGOs into the rehabilitation process of human 29 Stoecker, 2005, pg Cameron, 2008, pg Cameron, 2008, pg Aronowitz, 2009, pg. 156

10 trafficking victims also bridges the gap of their sometimes flawed identification: victims are still characterized to some extent as law breakers and people on the fringes of society. 33 In this case, the role of NGOs is to guide law enforcement officers into a better understanding of the true state of human trafficking victims. Instead of initially regarding them as possible criminals, those subjected to forced labor are increasingly being preliminarily defined as victims of human trafficking within the Russian Federation. This is primarily due to the increased activism and work of local NGOs. The coordination between NGOs and law enforcement enables better definition of the most effective method for dealing with various victims of human trafficking that have been subjected to different situations. This lack of trust in the government exacerbates the division between law enforcement officers and local NGOs. Historically, the government of the Russian Federation has not been supportive of the activities of civil society and NGOs. For this reason, many NGOs are wary of collaborating with the government in fear that if their cause is not wholly supported, they may be shut down. Conclusion and Recommendations Human trafficking and forced labor is a complex, widespread occurrence throughout the Russian Federation. Though efforts are currently in place to combat human trafficking, increased enforcement and support of comprehensive programs are essential to eradicating it.. Even the best intentions will not suffice if the monetary support is not present and, thus, for anti-trafficking efforts to improve, increased funding needs to become a priority. If, as is the current case in Russia, governmental funding will not suffice than support from outside donors needs to be considered. The most important variable in fostering this support is the coordination of actors at all levels of the fight against human trafficking: government officials, international actors, NGOs, and law enforcement officers. This can be achieved by implementing a national plan of action against human trafficking in order to facilitate a plan that includes comprehensive measures for prevention, prosecution, and protection of victims and witnesses, and that 33 Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 97

11 provides a model for cooperation between governmental and governmental institutions and organizations to combat human trafficking. 34 In order for the Russian Federation to be raised from the Tier 2 Watch List, these comprehensive reforms need to be enacted and the presence of corruption needs to be all but eradicated from the country. In order to evaluate the best practices, performance evaluations must to be put in place to analyze the progress of anti-human trafficking efforts in the Russian Federation. Without the inclusion of performance evaluations, it is virtually impossible to hold agents accountable or to assess if the efforts to combat human trafficking are effective. Though these reforms may currently seem an insurmountable challenge, they must be adopted in order for human trafficking to be addressed adequately in the Russian Federation. 34 Tiurukanova, 2006, pg. 108

Operational indicators of trafficking in human beings

Operational indicators of trafficking in human beings Operational indicators of trafficking in human beings Results from a Delphi survey implemented by the ILO and the European Commission First published in March 2009 Revised version of September 2009 What

More information

Resolution 11/3. Trafficking in persons, especially women and children

Resolution 11/3. Trafficking in persons, especially women and children Human Rights Council Eleventh Session Resolution 11/3. Trafficking in persons, especially women and children The Human Rights Council, Reaffirming all previous resolutions on the problem of trafficking

More information

Law of Georgia on Combating Human Trafficking. (Adopted on 28 April 2006, entered into force in 16 June 2006) Chapter I. General Provisions

Law of Georgia on Combating Human Trafficking. (Adopted on 28 April 2006, entered into force in 16 June 2006) Chapter I. General Provisions Law of Georgia on Combating Human Trafficking (Adopted on 28 April 2006, entered into force in 16 June 2006) Chapter I. General Provisions Article 1. Scope of Regulation This Law determines the organizational

More information

Situation of trafficking in Thailand

Situation of trafficking in Thailand Wanchai Roujanavong Thailand UNODC, Vienna 27-29 January 2010 Situation of trafficking in Thailand Thailand has 3 statuses: 1 Sending country, 2 Destination country, 3 Transit country. Forced prostitution,

More information

Definition of human trafficking

Definition of human trafficking Department of Information Society and Action against Crime Directorate of Cooperation Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Affairs Project on Combating and Preventing Trafficking in Human Beings

More information

Transnational Challenges and Approaches to Investigating Trafficking Offences. Ilias Chatzis, Chief, Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling Section

Transnational Challenges and Approaches to Investigating Trafficking Offences. Ilias Chatzis, Chief, Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling Section Transnational Challenges and Approaches to Investigating Trafficking Offences Ilias Chatzis, Chief, Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling Section Trafficking in persons: a low risk / high profit crime

More information

Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography

Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child CRC/C/OPSC/VEN/CO/1 Distr.: General 19 September 2014 Original: English ADVANCE UNEDITED VERSION Committee on the Rights of the Child Optional Protocol

More information

Combat Trafficking in Human Beings. Stage One Research Findings. September 2015

Combat Trafficking in Human Beings. Stage One Research Findings. September 2015 Co-funded by the Prevention of and Fight against Crime Programme of the European Commission Combat Trafficking in Human Beings Stage One Research Findings September 2015 This report reflects only the author

More information

Dear Delegates, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the 2016 Montessori Model United Nations Conference.

Dear Delegates, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the 2016 Montessori Model United Nations Conference. Dear Delegates, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the 2016 Montessori Model United Nations Conference. The following pages intend to guide you in the research of the topics that will be debated at MMUN

More information

FORCED LABOUR WHY IT IS AN ISSUE FOR EMPLOYERS

FORCED LABOUR WHY IT IS AN ISSUE FOR EMPLOYERS FORCED LABOUR WHY IT IS AN ISSUE FOR EMPLOYERS INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF EMPLOYERS SEPTEMBER 2010 INTRODUCTION Although forced labour is universally condemned and banned and many believe that it is

More information

Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking In Human Beings, Especially Women and Children

Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking In Human Beings, Especially Women and Children Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking In Human Beings, Especially Women and Children Introduction This booklet contains the Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Especially

More information

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN CANADA Frequently Asked Questions What is human trafficking? Human trafficking is slavery. Human beings are bought and sold for a number of purposes: sexual exploitation, forced or

More information

An Introduction to Human Slavery Tearfund NZ

An Introduction to Human Slavery Tearfund NZ An Introduction to Human Slavery Tearfund NZ By Reverend Francis Ritchie, 2014 Historical Background Slavery predates human records and was institutionalised in cultures around the world from the earliest

More information

Armenia MODERATE ADVANCEMENT

Armenia MODERATE ADVANCEMENT In 2013, Armenia made a moderate advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. The Government adopted a National Plan of Action Against Trafficking in Persons for years 2013 2015,

More information

OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD ON THE SALE OF CHILDREN, CHILD PROSTITUTION AND CHILD PORNOGRAPHY

OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD ON THE SALE OF CHILDREN, CHILD PROSTITUTION AND CHILD PORNOGRAPHY [ ENGLISH TEXT TEXTE ANGLAIS ] OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD ON THE SALE OF CHILDREN, CHILD PROSTITUTION AND CHILD PORNOGRAPHY The States Parties to the present Protocol,

More information

United Nations Study on Violence against Children. Response to the questionnaire received from the Government of the Republic of GUYANA

United Nations Study on Violence against Children. Response to the questionnaire received from the Government of the Republic of GUYANA United Nations Study on Violence against Children Response to the questionnaire received from the Government of the Republic of GUYANA 1 MINISTRY OF LABOUR, HUMAN SERVICES & SOCIAL SECURITY RESPONSE TO

More information

Assisting Immigrant Victims of Domestic Violence

Assisting Immigrant Victims of Domestic Violence Assisting Immigrant Victims of Domestic Violence ADVOCATE S GUIDE This project was supported by Grant No. 1997-WT-VX-K006 awarded by the Office on Violence Against Women, U.S. Department of Justice. Points

More information

RECOMMENDATIONS ON IDENTIFICATION AND REFERRAL TO SERVICES OF VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS

RECOMMENDATIONS ON IDENTIFICATION AND REFERRAL TO SERVICES OF VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS RECOMMENDATIONS ON IDENTIFICATION AND REFERRAL TO SERVICES OF VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS 1. Identification of victims 1.1. Identification process A human rights centred approach requires early

More information

Guidelines for the UN.GIFT Call for Proposals from Civil Society Organizations

Guidelines for the UN.GIFT Call for Proposals from Civil Society Organizations Guidelines for the UN.GIFT Call for Proposals from Civil Society Organizations 1. INTRODUCTION... 3 1.1. Objective of the guidelines... 3 1.2. UN.GIFT... 3 1.3. UN.GIFT Small Grants Facility... 3 1.4.

More information

Advance copy of the authentic text. The copy certified by the Secretary-General will be issued at a later time.

Advance copy of the authentic text. The copy certified by the Secretary-General will be issued at a later time. PROTOCOL TO PREVENT, SUPPRESS AND PUNISH TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, ESPECIALLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN, SUPPLEMENTING THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME Advance copy of the authentic

More information

Gender Based Violence

Gender Based Violence Gender Based Violence Background and problem statement Background Gender-based violence (GBV) is violence that is directed against a person on the basis of gender (European Institute for Gender Equality,

More information

Copenhagen Conference on Human Trafficking 14 April 2010

Copenhagen Conference on Human Trafficking 14 April 2010 INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION Copenhagen Conference on Human Trafficking 14 April 2010 Forced labour in Europe: cases, concepts and action Dear Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished participants, On

More information

International Organization for Migration (IOM) Mission in Ukraine MIGRATION FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL MIGRATION IN UKRAINE FACTS & FIGURES

International Organization for Migration (IOM) Mission in Ukraine MIGRATION FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL MIGRATION IN UKRAINE FACTS & FIGURES International Organization for Migration (IOM) Mission in Ukraine MIGRATION FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL MIGRATION IN UKRAINE FACTS & FIGURES SEPTEMBER 211 SEPTEMBER, 211 SEPTEMBER, 211 Dear Reader, FOREWORD

More information

Home Security: Russia s Challenges

Home Security: Russia s Challenges Home Security: Russia s Challenges A Russian Perspective Andrei Fedorov * Home security: Russia s challenges Home security and the struggle against terrorism is one of the most crucial issues for the Russian

More information

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women United Nations CEDAW/C/ETH/Q/6-7 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Distr.: General 4 November 2010 Original: English Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination

More information

The official nomination of national focal points for issues relating to statelessness in seven (7) States (commitment 22)

The official nomination of national focal points for issues relating to statelessness in seven (7) States (commitment 22) COMMUNIQUÉ The West Africa Consultative Conference on the Right to a Nationality and Statelessness: Challenges and Opportunities, co-organised by Open Society Initiative for West Africa (OSIWA) and the

More information

OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking * Contents Paragraphs Recommended Principles on Human Rights and Human Trafficking.......

More information

ACT AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING

ACT AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACT AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING Human trafficking is a crime against humanity. Virtually every country in the world is affected by trafficking for sexual exploitation or forced labour. The international

More information

NINETY-EIGHTH SESSION INTERNATIONAL DIALOGUE ON MIGRATION 2009. Human Rights and Migration: Working Together for Safe, Dignified and Secure Migration

NINETY-EIGHTH SESSION INTERNATIONAL DIALOGUE ON MIGRATION 2009. Human Rights and Migration: Working Together for Safe, Dignified and Secure Migration Original: English 19 October 2009 NINETY-EIGHTH SESSION INTERNATIONAL DIALOGUE ON MIGRATION 2009 Human Rights and Migration: Working Together for Safe, Dignified and Secure Migration Effective Approaches

More information

Washington Anti-Trafficking Response Network (WARN) Human Trafficking in Washington State: Identifying & Serving Survivors

Washington Anti-Trafficking Response Network (WARN) Human Trafficking in Washington State: Identifying & Serving Survivors Human Trafficking in Washington State: Identifying & Serving Survivors Washington Anti-Trafficking Response Network (WARN) Kathleen Morris WARN Program Manager International Rescue Committee in Seattle

More information

Regional Anti-Corruption Action Plan for Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan and Ukraine.

Regional Anti-Corruption Action Plan for Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan and Ukraine. Anti-Corruption Network for Transition Economies OECD Directorate for Financial, Fiscal and Enterprise Affairs 2, rue André Pascal F-75775 Paris Cedex 16 (France) phone: (+33-1) 45249106, fax: (+33-1)

More information

What Predicts Human Trafficking? Kevin Bales 1. For any case of trafficking there is a unique set of causes and effects. The broad

What Predicts Human Trafficking? Kevin Bales 1. For any case of trafficking there is a unique set of causes and effects. The broad What Predicts Human Trafficking? Kevin Bales 1 For any case of trafficking there is a unique set of causes and effects. The broad variation of trafficking in persons across regions and cultures means that

More information

UNITED NATIONS Press Release Committee on the Rights of the Child 16 January 2009

UNITED NATIONS Press Release Committee on the Rights of the Child 16 January 2009 UNITED NATIONS Press Release Committee on the Rights of the Child 16 January 2009 The Committee on the Rights of the Child this morning reviewed the initial report of the Netherlands on how that country

More information

TRAFCORD. Anti-Trafficking Coordination Unit Northern Thailand

TRAFCORD. Anti-Trafficking Coordination Unit Northern Thailand TRAFCORD Anti-Trafficking Coordination Unit Northern Thailand Area of Operations: Northern Thailand 9 Provinces along the Thai-Burmese and Thai-Laotian Borders Trafficking Routes Into Northern Thailand

More information

SEX WORK ENFORCEMENT GUIDELINES ADOPTED JANUARY 2013

SEX WORK ENFORCEMENT GUIDELINES ADOPTED JANUARY 2013 VANCOUVER POLICE DEPARTMENT SEX WORK ENFORCEMENT GUIDELINES ADOPTED JANUARY 2013 PREPARED BY: Kristie McCann Planning and Policy Advisor Sergeant Richard Akin Counter Exploitation Unit Inspector Cita Airth

More information

Chairman's Summary of the Outcomes of the G8 Justice and Home Affairs Ministerial Meeting. (Moscow, 15-16 June 2006)

Chairman's Summary of the Outcomes of the G8 Justice and Home Affairs Ministerial Meeting. (Moscow, 15-16 June 2006) Chairman's Summary of the Outcomes of the G8 Justice and Home Affairs Ministerial Meeting (Moscow, 15-16 June 2006) At their meeting in Moscow on 15-16 June 2006 the G8 Justice and Home Affairs Ministers

More information

CRC/C/OPSC/SWE/CO/1. Convention on the Rights of the Child. United Nations

CRC/C/OPSC/SWE/CO/1. Convention on the Rights of the Child. United Nations United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child CRC/C/OPSC/SWE/CO/1 Distr.: General 23 January 2012 Original: English Committee on the Rights of the Child Fifty-eighth session 19 September 7 October

More information

HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING. DPKO Policy Paper (March 2004)

HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING. DPKO Policy Paper (March 2004) HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING DPKO Policy Paper (March 2004) Executive Summary Introduction This paper examines human trafficking and peacekeeping, and presents a DPKO strategy. i.

More information

EUROPEAN UNION COMMON POSITION ON UNGASS 2016

EUROPEAN UNION COMMON POSITION ON UNGASS 2016 EUROPEAN UNION COMMON POSITION ON UNGASS 2016 UNGASS 2016 is a key opportunity for the international community to take stock of the achievements of the international drug control system to date, to elaborate

More information

G20 ANTI-CORRUPTION WORKING GROUP PROGRESS REPORT 2013

G20 ANTI-CORRUPTION WORKING GROUP PROGRESS REPORT 2013 G20 ANTI-CORRUPTION WORKING GROUP PROGRESS REPORT 2013 September, 2013 G20 Anti-Corruption Working Group Progress Report 2013 ANTI-CORRUPTION WORKING GROUP PROGRESS Introduction 1. The renewal of the G20

More information

Bangkok Declaration Synergies and Responses: Strategic Alliances in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

Bangkok Declaration Synergies and Responses: Strategic Alliances in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Bangkok Declaration Synergies and Responses: Strategic Alliances in Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice We, the States Members of the United Nations, Having assembled at the Eleventh United Nations Congress

More information

Profits and poverty: The economics of forced labour

Profits and poverty: The economics of forced labour US$150,000,000,000 Profits and poverty: The economics of forced labour The global integration of economies, including labour markets, has brought many opportunities for workers and businesses and has spurred

More information

COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. Brussels, 17 December 2003 (OR. en) 14994/03. Interinstitutional File: 2002/0043 (CNS) MIGR 101

COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. Brussels, 17 December 2003 (OR. en) 14994/03. Interinstitutional File: 2002/0043 (CNS) MIGR 101 COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Brussels, 17 December 2003 (OR. en) Interinstitutional File: 2002/0043 (CNS) 14994/03 MIGR 101 LEGISLATIVE ACTS AND OTHER INSTRUMTS Subject : Council Directive on the residence

More information

Advocate for Women s Rights Using International Law

Advocate for Women s Rights Using International Law 300 Appendix A Advocate for Women s Rights Using International Law The United Nations (UN) brings together almost every government in the world to discuss issues, resolve conflicts, and make treaties affecting

More information

Good practices and tools for use in case management, including by front-line law enforcement authorities responding to trafficking in persons

Good practices and tools for use in case management, including by front-line law enforcement authorities responding to trafficking in persons Distr.: General 9 December 2009 Original: English Working Group on Trafficking in Persons Vienna, 27-29 January 2010 Item 6 of the provisional agenda * Good practices and tools for use in case management,

More information

HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION AND RESPONSES

HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION AND RESPONSES HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION AND RESPONSES Report conducted by E.V. Tiurukanova and the Institute for Urban Economics for the UN/IOM Working

More information

UNDERSTANDING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN CAMBODIA

UNDERSTANDING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN CAMBODIA 80 UNDERSTANDING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN CAMBODIA Devon Palk During my first trip to Cambodia with the McMaster School, I conducted research on the developing Cambodian Stock Exchange. As an accounting major,

More information

ILO 2012 Global estimate of forced labour Executive summary

ILO 2012 Global estimate of forced labour Executive summary ILO 2012 Global estimate of forced labour Executive summary UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL JUNE 1, 2012, 8:30 a.m. GMT RESULTS Using a new and improved statistical methodology, the ILO estimates that 20.9 million

More information

REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON MIGRATION REGIONAL GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL PROTECTION IN CASES OF THE REPATRIATION OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING

REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON MIGRATION REGIONAL GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL PROTECTION IN CASES OF THE REPATRIATION OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON MIGRATION REGIONAL GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL PROTECTION IN CASES OF THE REPATRIATION OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON MIGRATION REGIONAL GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL

More information

5. The Model Strategies and Practical Measures are aimed at providing de jure and de

5. The Model Strategies and Practical Measures are aimed at providing de jure and de MODEL STRATEGIES AND PRACTICAL MEASURES ON THE ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN THE FIELD OF CRIME PREVENTION AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE 1. The multifaceted nature of violence against women suggests

More information

BASIC IMMIGRATION LAW

BASIC IMMIGRATION LAW BASIC IMMIGRATION LAW Introduction Under immigration law, anyone not having a right of abode in the UK is subject to immigration control and can only live, work and settle in the UK by permission (Section

More information

HOW TO OBTAIN AND POST AN IMMIGRATION BOND: A Guide for Non-Citizens in Detention

HOW TO OBTAIN AND POST AN IMMIGRATION BOND: A Guide for Non-Citizens in Detention HOW TO OBTAIN AND POST AN IMMIGRATION BOND: A Guide for Non-Citizens in Detention January 2011 1 AM I ELIGIBLE FOR A BOND? Figuring out whether or not you are eligible for a bond is a very complicated

More information

Poverty and Human Trafficking

Poverty and Human Trafficking Awareness Poverty and Human Trafficking Human trafficking, also known as trafficking in persons (TIP), is a modern-day form of slavery. It is a crime under state, federal and international law. It is currently

More information

Victim/Witness Security and Protection

Victim/Witness Security and Protection REFERENCE GUIDE ON PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF CHILD VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN EUROPE Chapter 13 Victim/Witness Security and Protection 13.1 General principles Child victims who agree to testify should be

More information

(S.272) It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: (1) According to his book, The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking

(S.272) It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: (1) According to his book, The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking No. 85. An act relating to human trafficking. (S.272) It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont: Sec. 1. FINDINGS The general assembly finds that: (1) According to his book,

More information

Qatari Law NO. (15)OF YEAR 2011 On Combating Trafficking in Human Beings

Qatari Law NO. (15)OF YEAR 2011 On Combating Trafficking in Human Beings Qatari Law NO. (15)OF YEAR 2011 On Combating Trafficking in Human Beings Chapter One-Definitions Article (1) In the implementation of the provisions of this law, the following words shall have the respective

More information

COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS

COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS Recommendation Rec(2006)8 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on assistance to crime victims (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 14 June 2006 at

More information

GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN S RIGHTS. Council of Europe Standards

GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN S RIGHTS. Council of Europe Standards GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN S RIGHTS Council of Europe Standards G ender equality is central to the protection of human rights, the functioning of democracy, respect for the rule of law, and economic growth

More information

Child Labour What is child labour? What is the difference between child labour and child slavery?

Child Labour What is child labour? What is the difference between child labour and child slavery? Child Labour What is child labour? In 2010, the International Labor Organization estimated that there are over 306 million children aged 5-17 in the world who are economically active. This includes most

More information

Russian Mail-Order Brides: Protection and Information Via Legislation

Russian Mail-Order Brides: Protection and Information Via Legislation Russian Mail-Order Brides: Protection and Information Via Legislation By Ryan Heggs August 2010 Introduction Recent incidences of men murdering their mail-order brides, or fiancés in which a marriage was

More information

PHILADELPHIA POLICE DEPARTMENT DIRECTIVE 3.24

PHILADELPHIA POLICE DEPARTMENT DIRECTIVE 3.24 PHILADELPHIA POLICE DEPARTMENT DIRECTIVE 3.24 Issued Date: 12-18-14 Effective Date: 12-18-14 Updated Date: SUBJECT: HUMAN TRAFFICKING PLEAC 4.5.1b,d 1. POLICY A. Human trafficking is a multi-billion dollar

More information

Dear Ohioans, Very respectfully yours, Mike DeWine Ohio Attorney General

Dear Ohioans, Very respectfully yours, Mike DeWine Ohio Attorney General Dear Ohioans, Human trafficking is a horrendous crime that preys upon the most vulnerable among us, often targeting our children. In August 2011, after hearing from local citizens about suspected human

More information

DERBY CITY COUNCIL S EQUALITY AND DIVERSITY POLICY

DERBY CITY COUNCIL S EQUALITY AND DIVERSITY POLICY Achieving equality and valuing diversity DERBY CITY COUNCIL S EQUALITY AND DIVERSITY POLICY November 2009 Translations and making the booklet accessible This policy booklet gives details of the Council

More information

Georgia MINIMAL ADVANCEMENT

Georgia MINIMAL ADVANCEMENT In 2014, Georgia made a minimal advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. Georgia has received an assessment of minimal advancement because the Government lacked a labor inspectorate

More information

SUMMARY VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN STATISTICS:

SUMMARY VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN STATISTICS: Kosovo (Republic of Kosova) General Country Information: 1 Population: 1,733,872 Female population: 860,274 Member of Council of Europe: No Member of European Union: No CEDAW ratified: (Not signed) CEDAW

More information

Trafficking in Children in South Asia

Trafficking in Children in South Asia Trafficking in Children in South Asia Trafficking in Children in South Asia Save the Children Sweden Regional office for South and Central Asia The vision Save the Children works for: a world which respects

More information

Compensation. International framework Marjan Wijers

Compensation. International framework Marjan Wijers Compensation International framework Marjan Wijers Why? Legal basis International human rights law ECrtHR, Rantsev vs Russia and Cyprus (2010): trafficking falls within the scope of Art. 4 ECHR without

More information

A CHILD-RIGHTS APPROACH ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND CHILD TRAFFICKING: A UNICEF PERSPECTIVE

A CHILD-RIGHTS APPROACH ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND CHILD TRAFFICKING: A UNICEF PERSPECTIVE A CHILD-RIGHTS APPROACH ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND CHILD TRAFFICKING: A UNICEF PERSPECTIVE United Nations Children s Fund International migration and child trafficking affect a significant number of

More information

Test Your Knowledge About Trafficking

Test Your Knowledge About Trafficking est Your Knowledge About rafficking Running ime: 1 hour Materials: Flipchart and flipchart stand/chalkboard, markers/chalk; Handout A: rafficking Awareness Survey; Handout B: rafficking Awareness Answers

More information

Children s participation: Mekong Youth Forum and COMMIT

Children s participation: Mekong Youth Forum and COMMIT Children s participation: Mekong Youth Forum and COMMIT Briefing paper Introduction Human trafficking is one of the most serious problems affecting children and young people in the Greater Mekong Sub-region

More information

Department of Justice and Equality. Request for Tenders (RFT) for an Evaluation of the REACH Project. Closing Date: 12 noon on 9 December 2014

Department of Justice and Equality. Request for Tenders (RFT) for an Evaluation of the REACH Project. Closing Date: 12 noon on 9 December 2014 European Union CO-funded under the Progress programme of the. Department of Justice and Equality Request for Tenders (RFT) for an Evaluation of the REACH Project Closing Date: 12 noon on 9 December 2014

More information

Prostitution: Causes and Solutions

Prostitution: Causes and Solutions Prostitution: Causes and Solutions Donna M. Hughes Professor & Carlson Endowed Chair in Women s Studies University of Rhode Island La Prostitucion Feminine: Propuestas e Intervencion (Female Prostitution:

More information

Section 17: Offenses against the Administration of Justice

Section 17: Offenses against the Administration of Justice 399 Section 17: Offenses against the Administration of Justice General Very often, the legislation of post-conflict states lacks adequate administration-ofjustice offenses. This section is a relatively

More information

Botswana MINIMAL ADVANCEMENT

Botswana MINIMAL ADVANCEMENT In 2013, Botswana made a minimal advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. The Government continued its Stay-in-School Program which is focused on training educators and social

More information

Madrid Memorandum on Good Practices for Assistance to Victims of Terrorism Immediately after the Attack and in Criminal Proceedings

Madrid Memorandum on Good Practices for Assistance to Victims of Terrorism Immediately after the Attack and in Criminal Proceedings Madrid Memorandum on Good Practices for Assistance to Victims of Terrorism Immediately after the Attack and in Criminal Proceedings The Cairo Declaration on Counterterrorism and the Rule of Law (September

More information

TESTIMONY OF COOK COUNTY STATE S ATTORNEY ANITA ALVAREZ SENATE JUDICIARY SUBCOMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE LAW

TESTIMONY OF COOK COUNTY STATE S ATTORNEY ANITA ALVAREZ SENATE JUDICIARY SUBCOMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE LAW TESTIMONY OF COOK COUNTY STATE S ATTORNEY ANITA ALVAREZ SENATE JUDICIARY SUBCOMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE LAW FEBRUARY 24, 2010 THANK YOU SENATOR DURBIN AND MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE FOR INVITING ME

More information

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women The General Assembly, Distr. GENERAL A/RES/48/104 23 February 1994 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women General Assembly resolution 48/104 of 20 December 1993 Recognizing the urgent

More information

Council of Europe Project on Cybercrime in Georgia Report by Virgil Spiridon and Nigel Jones. Tbilisi 28-29, September 2009

Council of Europe Project on Cybercrime in Georgia Report by Virgil Spiridon and Nigel Jones. Tbilisi 28-29, September 2009 Council of Europe Project on Cybercrime in Georgia Report by Virgil Spiridon and Nigel Jones Tbilisi 28-29, September 2009 Presentation Contents An assessment of the Georgian view of cybercrime and current

More information

33rd 3ordinary Session of the Head of State and Government Ouagadougou, 18 January 2008 ECOWAS COMMON APPROACH ON MIGRATION

33rd 3ordinary Session of the Head of State and Government Ouagadougou, 18 January 2008 ECOWAS COMMON APPROACH ON MIGRATION COMMISSION DE LA CEDEAO ECOWAS COMMISSION 33rd 3ordinary Session of the Head of State and Government Ouagadougou, 18 January 2008 ECOWAS COMMON APPROACH ON MIGRATION INTRODUCTION 3 I. ECOWAS COMMON APPROACH

More information

SUBMISSION TO THE FEDERAL ATTORNEY-GENERAL S DISCUSSION PAPER:

SUBMISSION TO THE FEDERAL ATTORNEY-GENERAL S DISCUSSION PAPER: SUBMISSION TO THE FEDERAL ATTORNEY-GENERAL S DISCUSSION PAPER: THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE RESPONSE TO SLAVERY AND PEOPLE TRAFFICKING, REPARATION, AND VULNERABLE WITNESS PROTECTIONS Submission on behalf of Project

More information

Voices for Victims: Lawyers Against Human Trafficking Tool Kit for Bar Associations

Voices for Victims: Lawyers Against Human Trafficking Tool Kit for Bar Associations Task Force on Human Trafficking presents Voices for Victims: Lawyers Against Human Trafficking Tool Kit for Bar Associations Human Trafficking (also known as Trafficking in Persons, TIP) is considered

More information

LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MONEY TRANSFERS AS RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY INSTRUMENTS

LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MONEY TRANSFERS AS RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY INSTRUMENTS LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MONEY TRANSFERS AS RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY INSTRUMENTS FATIH OZBAY SENIOR FELLOW, CENTER ON FOREIGN POLICY AND SECURITY, HASEN FATIH OZBAY 128 Migrants who are mostly coming from former

More information

Group Policy 1. INTRODUCTION 2. BUSINESS INTEGRITY. 2.1. Honesty, Integrity & Fairness

Group Policy 1. INTRODUCTION 2. BUSINESS INTEGRITY. 2.1. Honesty, Integrity & Fairness Corporate Code of Conduct and Ethics Policy Approver: CEO Valid from: 26-11-13 1. INTRODUCTION CRI recognizes its responsibilities as a global services provider, and is committed to being a responsible

More information

Global Report On Trafficking In Persons Executive Summary

Global Report On Trafficking In Persons Executive Summary Global Report On Trafficking In Persons Executive Summary February 2009 A knowledge crisis about a crime that shames us all The term trafficking in persons can be misleading: it places emphasis on the

More information

Corporations and Human Rights: Do They Have Obligations?

Corporations and Human Rights: Do They Have Obligations? Corporations and Human Rights: Do They Have Obligations? International law has traditionally been understood as a system set up by states to regulate the affairs between them. 1 Especially, since the Second

More information

For purposes of this policy, the following terms will be defined as follows.

For purposes of this policy, the following terms will be defined as follows. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND THE WORKPLACE POLICY STATEMENT The City University of New York ( CUNY ) disapproves of violence against women, men, or children in any form, whether as an act of workplace violence

More information

Migration/ Asylum. Co-operation in the field of drugs

Migration/ Asylum. Co-operation in the field of drugs Non-exhaustive list of issues and questions to facilitate preparations for the bilateral meeting with Turkey in the area of Chapter 24 Justice, freedom and security Migration/ Asylum - Which are currently

More information

SIREN event report STRATEGIC INFORMATION RESPONSE NETWORK United Nations Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking (UNIAP): Phase III

SIREN event report STRATEGIC INFORMATION RESPONSE NETWORK United Nations Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking (UNIAP): Phase III SIREN event report STRATEGIC INFORMATION RESPONSE NETWORK United Nations Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking (UNIAP): Phase III BANGKOK, THAILAND 20 June 2011 GMS-09 THE STATE OF COUNTER-TRAFFICKING

More information

Brian Iselin Ohrid, Macedonia 8-9 November 2004

Brian Iselin Ohrid, Macedonia 8-9 November 2004 Brian Iselin Ohrid, Macedonia 8-9 November 2004 Human Trafficking Some points to remember: Palermo Convention and Trafficking Protocol Diverse range of markets for people not one market, not one crime.

More information

Violence against women in Egypt 1

Violence against women in Egypt 1 United Nations Statistical Commission ESA/STAT/AC.193/2 United Nations Statistics Division Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía de México November 2009 Meeting of the Friends of the Chair of the

More information

NEW YORK STATE ANTI-TRAFFICKING LAW

NEW YORK STATE ANTI-TRAFFICKING LAW NEW YORK STATE ANTI-TRAFFICKING LAW New York State (NYS), especially New York City (NYC), is a destination for trafficked persons from all over the world who are forced into various labor sectors, such

More information

1. Presentation. 2. Overview of the crime of trafficking in Peru

1. Presentation. 2. Overview of the crime of trafficking in Peru Supplementary information report submitted by the Human Rights Commission of the Legal Clinic at the PUCP to the CESCR regarding trafficking in persons in Peru 1. Presentation The present report is the

More information

HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND MODERN-DAY SLAVERY

HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND MODERN-DAY SLAVERY NOVEMBER 2006 Human Rights & International Affairs Contact: Leticia Diaz, MS Senior Policy Advisor Human Rights & International Affairs What Human Trafficking & Slavery May Look Like? A young girl in Russia

More information

National Resources for Sex Trafficking

National Resources for Sex Trafficking National Resources for Sex Trafficking Dear John Campaign Atlanta, Georgia Website: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=frsbo6g21hu The Dear John Campaign is a public education program in Atlanta, Georgia

More information

WORKPLACE VIOLENCE WHAT IS WORKPLACE VIOLENCE?

WORKPLACE VIOLENCE WHAT IS WORKPLACE VIOLENCE? WORKPLACE VIOLENCE Violence in the workplace has become an epidemic. Not only is workplace violence increasingly common in workplaces where violence is expected -- for example, corrections, law enforcement

More information

CALL for Action. Protecting of the rights of refugee and migrant children arriving in Europe

CALL for Action. Protecting of the rights of refugee and migrant children arriving in Europe CALL for Action Protecting of the rights of refugee and migrant children arriving in Europe 1 PART I: INTRODUCTION Refugee and migrant flows in Europe are at an unprecedented high in 2015, more than a

More information

TITLE III JUSTICE, FREEDOM AND SECURITY

TITLE III JUSTICE, FREEDOM AND SECURITY TITLE III JUSTICE, FREEDOM AND SECURITY Article 14 The rule of law and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms In their cooperation on justice, freedom and security, the Parties shall attach

More information

Orphans and Vulnerable Children in India A Broad Overview. Kavitha P. Das, B.D.S., M.P.H.

Orphans and Vulnerable Children in India A Broad Overview. Kavitha P. Das, B.D.S., M.P.H. Orphans and Vulnerable Children in India A Broad Overview Kavitha P. Das, B.D.S., M.P.H. Background India is the worlds largest democracy with a population of over a billion- 400 million of which are children

More information

Dear Representative,

Dear Representative, Dear Representative, The Sex Workers Outreach Project-USA is a social justice network dedicated to the fundamental human rights of sex workers and their communities, focusing on ending violence and stigma

More information