Draft for comments only Not to be cited as East African Standard

Transcription

1 EAST AFRICAN DRAFT STANDARD Potable Water Specification EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY EAS ##:2000 ICS EAC 2000 First Edition 2000

2 EAS ##:2009 Foreword Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community will be removed. In order to achieve this objective, the Community established an East African Standards Committee mandated to develop and issue East African Standards. The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures of the Community. East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards they are implementing. East African Community 2000 All rights reserved * East African Community P.O. Box 1096 Arusha Tanzania Tel: /8 Fax: eac@eachq.org Web: * 2000 EAC All rights of exploitation of any form and by any means reserved worldwide for EAC Partner States NSBs EAC 2009 All rights reserved ii

3 Introduction EAS ##:2000 Increasingly it has been recognized that traditional suppliers of drinking water such as public and private waterworks may not be able in many instances or under all circumstances to guarantee the microbiological safety of product to the extend previously thought possible. This has lead to high consumption of bottled water and thus rapid growth of the industry. This standard has been prepared to guide manufacturers, importers and consumers on the quality requirements for bottled/packaged waters other than natural mineral waters and hence safeguard the consumers' health.... EAC 2009 All rights reserved iii

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5 EAS 153:2000 Potable water Specification 1 Scope This East African Standard prescribes the quality requirements and Method of sampling and test of Potable water used for domestic and containerized purposes. 2 Field of application This standard applies to water distributed in the food industry for domestic and catering purposes, and Potable water. This standard applies to the biological, physical, chemical radiological, organoleptic and quality criteria of potable water. Mineral waters are covered in EAS 13, Specification for containerized mineral water. 3 Terms and Definitions 3.1 Potable water Shall be water that is safe to drink, pleasant in taste and suitable for domestic purposes. 3.2 Containerized drinking water shall be drinking water that has undergone treatment through filtration, decantation, dechlorination, reverse osmosis and UV light radiation and/or ozonation prior to packaging 3.3 drinking water shall be potable water intended for human consumption 3.4 Treated water (piped, bottled, etc) e.g. piped treated water- water that is conventionally treated usually by coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection and distributed through pipe distribution network. EAC 2000 All rights reserved

6 EAS ##: Partially treated piped water Water uses any one or more of the above treatment processes but not all 3.6 Untreated water/rural- water that is supplied in its natural form without any treatment, e.g. from boreholes, shallow wells, springs or RWH 3.7 Conventional Treatment collection, storage and distribution of drinking water involving deliberate coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection to improve the safety and quality of the finished drinking water to consumers 3.8 Water Quality The chemical, physical and biological characteristics of water in respect to suitability for an intended use/purpose, e.g. domestic, car washing, farming, mining, industrial purposes or healthy ecosystem, 3.9 Safe water Water that is free of chemical substances & micro-organisms in concentrations which could cause illness or body disorders in any form Surveillance An independent continuous, specific measurement, observation and reporting for the purpose of water quality management and operational activities commonly done by Health 3.11 Disinfection Reduction by means of chemical agents and/or physical methods, of the number of micro-organism to a level that does not compromise food safety or suitability. 4. Requirements for potable water Potable water shall conform to the requirements enunciated in the following clauses and tables 4.1 Water intended for human consumption shall be free from organisms and from concentrations of particulate matter chemical substances that may be a hazard to health (See Tables 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). EAC 2009 All rights reserved 2

7 EAS ##: Potable water shall be free from microscopic organisms such as algae, zooplanktons, flagilates, parasites and toxin producing organisms. 4.3 Supplies of potable water shall be as pleasant to drink as circumstances permit. Coolness, absence of turbidity and absence of colour and of any disagreeable taste or smell are of the utmost importance in public supplies of potable water. The location, construction, operation and supervision of water supply, its reservoirs and its distribution system shall be such that they exclude any possible pollution of the water (see Tables 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). 4.4 Potable containerized water shall be handled under hygienic conditions stipulated in EAS 39 Code of practice for food and drink industry, 4.5 Potable water shall be collected, processed and packaged in accordance with CAC/RCP 48, Code of hygienic practices for bottled/packaged drinking waters (other than natural mineral water) Table 1 The Physical Requirements Sl. No. Characteristic Drinking water Containerized drinking water i) Colour TCU 15 true colour units max. Apparent colour 15 true colour units max. 25 units Test method ISO 7887 ii) Turbidity NTU 5 max. (NTU) 1 max. (NTU) ISO 7027 iii) ph ISO iv) Taste Not objectionable Not objectionable Es 605 v) Odour Odourless Odourless Es 605 or ASTMD 1292 vi) Conductivity 1500 micro S/cm 1500 micro S/cm ISO 7888 a) True colour units (TCU) mean 15 hazen units after filtration. EAC 2009 All rights reserved 3

8 EAS ##:2009 Table 2 Quality requirements for drinking water and containerized drinking water a) Sl. No. Substance or characteristic Drinking water (mg/l max.) Containerized drinking water (mg/l max.) Test method i) Suspended matter Not detectable Not detectable EAS 15 ii) Total dissolved solids iii Total organic matter ISO 8245 iv) Total hardness, as CaCO 3, v) Aluminium, as Al +++, ISO vi) Chloride, as Cl ISO 9297 vi) Iron Fe ISO 6332 vii) Sodium, as Na ISO viii) Sulphate ISO ix) Zinc, as Zn ISO 92 x) Magnesium, as Mg xi) Residual free chlorine Not detectable xii) Calcium, as Ca The methods of test are prescribed in KS 459: Parts 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. b) Under conditions of epidemic diseases, it may be necessary to increase the residual chlorine temporarily. Table 3 Limits for inorganic contaminants in drinking water and containerized drinking water Sl. No. Substance Limit of concentration mg/l, max. i) Arsenic, as As 0.01 Test method ii) Cadmium, as Cd iii) Lead, as Pb 0.01 iv) Copper, as Cu v) Mercury (total as Hg) EAS 15 EAC 2009 All rights reserved 4

9 vi) Manganese, as Mn 0.1 vii) Selenium, as Se 0.01 viii) Ammonia (N) 0.5 ix) Chromium, as Cr 0.05 x) Nickel, as Ni 0.02 xi) Cyanide, as CN 0.01 xii) Barium, as Ba 0.7 xiii) Nitrate, as NO 3 45 xiv) Boron, as (boric acid) 0.3 xv) Fluoride, as F b) xvi) Bromate, as BrO xvii) Nitrite xiii) Phosphates, as PO 4 3- a) The methods of test are prescribed in EAS EAS ##:2000 b) If the product contains more than 1.0 mg/l fluoride, the following term shall appear on the label as part of, or in close proximity to the name of the product on in any otherwise prominent position water contains fluoride. Table 4 Limits for organic constituents in drinking water and containerized drinking water Sl. No. Substance Limit µg/l max. Test method i) Aromatics Benzene Toluene Xylene Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon EAS 15 EAC 2009 All rights reserved

10 EAS ##:2009 ii) Chlorinated Alkanes and Alkenes Carbon tetrachloride 2 iii) iv) 1,2-Dichloroethane 30 1,1-Dichloroethylene 0.3 1,1-Dichloroethene 30 Tetrachloroethene 40 Phenolic substances Phenols 2 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 200 Trihalomethanes Chloroform 30 v) Pesticides Aldrin/Dieldrin 0.03 Chlordane (total) 0.3 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 30 DDT (total) 1 Heptachlor and Heptachlor Epoxide 0.03 Hexachlorobenzene 1 Lindane BHC 2 EAC 2009 All rights reserved 6

11 Vi Vii viii Methoxychlor Surfactants (reacting with methlene Blue) Mineral oil Organic matter a) The methods of test are prescribed in EAS 15 EAS ##:2000 EAC 2009 All rights reserved Table 5a Microbiological limits for Potable water Sl. No. Type of micro-organism Drinking water Containeriz ed i) Total viable counts at ºC, inml, max. a) 3 drinking water Test method ISO 4833 ii) Total Coliforms in 100 ml Nil Nil ISO 4832 iii) E. Coli in 100 ml Nil Nil iv) Staphylococcus aureus in 100 ml v) Sulphite reducing anaerobes in100 ml vi) Pseudomonas aeruginosa fluorescence in 100 ml vii) Streptococcus faecalis in 100mL Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil ISO ISO ISO Nil Nil ISO viii) Shigella in 100 ml Nil Nil ISO ix) Salmonella in 100 ml Nil Nil ISO 6785 a) Not for implementation purposes but for monitoring the system at source. Total time before analysis should be not more than 6 h at 4 ºC. Determination of total viable counts shall start within 12 h after collection of the drinking -

12 EAS ##:2009 water sample. b) Methods for the microbiological examination of foods. Table 5b Bacteriological quality for different types of water supplies Type of supply Number per 100 ml Test methods Treated water entering the distribution system Untreated water entering the distribution system Water in distribution system Unpiped supplies Emergency supplies of water Faecal coliforms Coliform organisms Nil ISO 4832 Nil ISO 4832 Faecal coliforms Nil ISO coliform organisms in any one sample Nil in any two consecutive samples Nil in 98 percent of yearly samples ISO 4832 ISO 4832 ISO 4832 Faecal coliforms Nil ISO 4832 Faecal coliforms Coliform organisms Faecal coliforms Coliform organisms 3 coliform organisms in any one sample Nil in any two consecutive samples Nil in 95 percent of yearly samples ISO 4832 ISO 4832 ISO 4832 Nil ISO ISO 4832 Nil ISO 4832 Nil ISO Drinking water and containerized drinking water shall comply with the limits for radioactive materials stipulated in Table 6. EAC 2009 All rights reserved 8

13 EAS ##:2000 Table 6 Limits for radioactive materials in drinking water and containerized drinking water Radioactive material Limit in pci/l Test method i) Gross alpha activity 1 ii) Gross beta activity 15 ISO 9696 ISO 9697 a) Method for determining gases, organic compounds and radioactivity in drinking water. 7 Packaging 7.1 The product shall be packed in scaled retail containers suitable for preventing the possible adulteration or contamination of water and shall be environmental friendly. 7.2 Inertia of the packaging material should be sufficient to ensure that the food safety of the product is not affected. 8 Labeling requirements In addition to Standard Specifications for Labeling of Pre-packaged Foods, East African Standard EAS 38, the following provisions shall apply..1 The name of the product The name of the product shall be the appropriate term as defined in Water containing carbon dioxide that emerges from the source and is packaged directly with its entrapped gas or from which the gas is mechanically separated and later reintroduced at a level not higher than naturally occurring in the water, may bear on its label the words naturally carbonated or naturally sparkling Packaged water which contains carbon dioxide at levels than those naturally occurring in the source of the product shall be labelled with the words carbonated, carbonation added, or sparkling. 8.2 Additional labelling requirements Mineral content If the content of total dissolved substances of the water is below 500 ppm or if it is greater than 1500 ppm, the statement "Low mineral content", or a similar term or the statement "High mineral content", or a similar term respectively, may appear on the principal display panel following the statement of identity. If labeling indicates the amount of specific minerals present in the product, the label shall describe the amount in ppm. EAC 2009 All rights reserved 9

14 EAS ##: Fluoride Packaged water containing added fluoride shall be labeled "Fluoridated water". Any water that is called fluoridated water shall contain not less than 0,8 mg/l fluoride ion. The product should not contain more than 1,5 mg/l of fluoride Geographic location The geographic location may be indicated on the label for artesian, spring or well water Water from water distribution system When drinking water is supplied by a public or private tap water distribution system, the wording "From a public or private distribution system" must appear along with the name of the product on the front of the main label. 8.3 Labeling prohibitions No claims concerning medicinal (preventive, alleviative or curative) or other beneficial effects relating to the health of the consumer shall be made in respect of the properties of the product covered by the standard The way in which labels on the packaged water are presented must not cause confusion with other categories of water, particularly natural mineral water, as defined in the standard for Natural Mineral Waters (EAS 13) The use of any statement or of any pictorial device, which may create confusion in the mind of the public or in any way mislead the public about the nature, origin, composition and properties of bottled / packaged drinking water other than natural mineral waters put on sale, is prohibited. 8.4 Optional Labeling The following terms, descriptive of the particular properties of the product, may appear on the label as part of, or in close proximity to, the name of the product or in an otherwise prominent position, provided that conditions specified are adhered to: a) "Alkaline" - where the product contains more than 600 mg/l CHO 3 b) "Acidulous" - where the product contains more than 250 mg/l free carbon dioxide c) "Saline" - where the product contains more than 1000 mg/l NaCl d) "Contains Fluorine" - where the product contains more than 1 mg/l F e) "Contains Irons" - where the product contains more than 5 mg/l Fe f) "Contains Iodine" - where the product contains more than 1 mg/l I g) "May be Diuretic" - where the product contains more than 1000 mg/l total dissolved solids or 600 mg/l HCO The following are also examples of optional labeling: (a) trade name; EAC 2009 All rights reserved 10

15 (b) the date of the authorization to commence collection and production; EAS ##:2000 (c) the results of analysis of the water wither as it emerges at the source, including a statement of any treatment, or of the results of analysis of the water in the container. 9 Scale of Sampling The quantity of packed mineral water of the same type belonging to the same batch of manufacture and packed in a day shall constitute a lot For ascertaining the conformity of the material to the requirements of the specification, samples shall be tested from each lot separately The number of bottles to be selected from a lot shall depend on the size of the lot and shall be according to Table 4. The tests shall be carried out according to EAS 15. Table 4 Scale of sampling No. of bottles in the Lot (1) Sample size (2) Up to to to and above 9 EAC 2009 All rights reserved 11