TrustZone, DSP and SIMD Extensions

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1 ARCHITECTURE FOR MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS ARM Cortex-A Series with Jazelle, TrustZone, DSP and SIMD Extensions Professor: Cristina Silvano P t d b Presented by: Vu Duc Xuan Quang

2 Contents Cortex-A series Jazelle technology TrustZone technology DSP Extensions SIMD Extensions

3 Cortex-A series Used in applications that have high-compute requirements, run rich operating systems and deliver interactive media and graphics experience. Includes: Cortex A5, A8, A9 processors. Features: Ideal for mobile Internet High performance Advanced extensions: NEON, Jazelle, TrustZone, Thumb-2 Multicore processors: 1-4 cores Full L1 cache coherency, Advanced coherency

4 Cortex-A series RISC processor core High performance 32-bit core Up to 13-stage pipeline technology DMIPS/MHz per core Advanced branch prediction Advanced memory system 1-2 cycle cache access Pipe-lined loads and stores Tuned for memory streaming Integrated or closely-coupled coupled optional level-2 caches Applications: used in a wide variety of applications

5 Cortex-A9 First synthesizable ARM processor able to deliver more than 8000 aggregate DMIPS for demanding embedded applications First ARM processor to combine Cortex-A architecture with MP capabilities for increased performance with in the tight power limitation of high performance mobile device Includes: Cortex-A9 MPCore processor: a multicore processor Cortex-A9 processor: a traditional single processor Cortex-A9 hard macro processor: drivers for lower power with high performance for new markets

6 Cortex-A9 Improved second-generation superscalar pipeline design Highest performance, supported ARMv7 architecture Most advanced pipeline with 2.5 DMIPS/MHz, high efficiency, dynamic length, multi-issue superscalar, speculating 8-stage pipeline, out-of-order of order instruction dispatch and completion Supporting the configuration of 16, 32 or 64KB four way associative L1 caches, with up to 8MB of L2 cache through the optional L2 cache controller Increased power efficiency with higher performance for lower power consumption

7 Cortex-A8 Based on ARMv7 instruction set architecture In-order order, dual-issue issue, superscalar microprocessor core 13-stage main integer pipeline 10-stage NEON media pipeline dedicated L2 cache with 9-cycle latency branch prediction based on global history Key metrics delivers 2000 DMIPS for next-generation consumer applications achieves 1GHz when fabricated in high-performance technologies consumes less than 300mW in low-power devices less than 4mm 2 at 65nm

8 Cortex-A5 Based on ARMv7 instruction set architecture Multicore processor 1-4 cores Single core available Speed from 530MHz to greater than 1GHz Smallest Cortex-A processor Tiny size, 0.27 mm 2 excluding RAM/cache Energy efficient performance 1.57 DMIPS / MHz per core High performance memory system including caches and memory management unit

9 Jazelle Technology for Java Application Enables the ARM processors to execute Java bytecode directly in hardware and delivers unparalleled Java performance on the ARM architecture Enables high performance in smallest memory footprints Optimal balance between speed and code density with run-time compilers Low cost and low power Less than 12K gates and small memory footprint result in lower power Uses 87% less energy than an equivalent non-accelerated ARM core Broad industry adaption Sun Microsystems, Aplix and Esmertec are early adopters

10 TrustZone Architectural extensions to introduce a Security state Effectively two virtual CPUs separated by a new mode Monitor mode the gatekeeper for switching CPUs Some hardware registers duplicated to aid switching Memory tagged as secure and non-secure by the system Only the secure CPU can access the secure memory & peripheralsp System can include secure and non-secure peripherals

11 DSP Extensions Increase the digital signal processing capability of ARM solutions in high-performance applications, while offering the low power consumption required by portable, battery-powered devices. Optimized for a broad range of software applications, where the extensions increase the DSP performance to enable efficient processing of the required tasks. Applications: Audio encode/decode (MP3: AAC, WMA) Servo motor control (HDD/DVD) MPEG4 decode Voice and handwriting recognition Embedded d control Bit exact algorithms (GSM-AMR)

12 SIMD Extensions for Multimedia Increase the processing capability of ARM processor-based SoC without materially increasing the power consumption. Optimized for a broad range of software applications, where the extensions increase performance by up to 75% or more. Applications: Media streaming Internet appliance MPEG4 and H246 encode/decode FFT processing Complex arithmetic Viterbi processing

A Survey on ARM Cortex A Processors. Wei Wang Tanima Dey

A Survey on ARM Cortex A Processors Wei Wang Tanima Dey 1 Overview of ARM Processors Focusing on Cortex A9 & Cortex A15 ARM ships no processors but only IP cores For SoC integration Targeting markets: