History of Garden Design. Dr. Cynthia McKenney

Transcription

1 History of Garden Design Dr. Cynthia McKenney

2 The Purpose of the Garden Changes Over time Embellished farms Production Early Park Versailles is an example Hunt and take long walks Walls and stands of trees

3 Modern Parks Picturesque Majesty Grandeur Expansive Capability Brown

4 Modern Parks Poetic Egyptian and Greek mythology Art No movement

5 Modern Parks Romantic Moving Water Shadows Attention to detail

6 Pleasure Gardens No link to being useful Laborious artifice Branches and foliage become walls and ceilings Status Vases, figures

7 Hanging Gardens of Babylon Ancient Wonder of the World Nebuchadnezzar II around 600 B.C. Artificial mountain with rooftop gardens to cheer up a home sick wife Hanging refers to overhang balcony

8 Hellenistic and Roman Gardens Hadrian s Villa Example of Roman Gardens Characterized by meeting of axis's 100 B.C to AD 500 Retreat Religious symbols

9 Islamic Gardens Persian gardens Europe about 60 B.C. Indicative of climate These evolved into the Mughal gardens of India Inlaid tiles and mosaic

10 Moroccan Gardens More color added Contemplation gardens Key water features Influenced Spanish Gardens

11 Spanish Gardens Orangery Production and beauty Indicative of climate Straight lines

12 Oriental Gardens Japanese Zen Concurrent development to Europe Hill and pond gardens Meditation Symbolic features

13 Japanese Seison-KaKu Modeled on nature House becomes a direct part of the garden Simulate age and permanence

14 Chinese Gardens Modeled on nature Miniature landscape of large areas Symbolic elements Meditation Symbolic features

15 Characteristics of Italian Renaissance Gardens Very formal lines that intersect Result of hot climate Influences French baroque gardens

16 Italian Renaissance Gardens Geometrically patterned beds, or parterres, are a distinct element of the Italian style. Traditionally, Italian gardens had few flowers. The plants were primarily evergreens for texture and shape, often in manicured topiary.

17 Italian Renaissance Gardens 19 th century revival Italian gardens are based on: Steps, urns and balustrades geometrical to serpentine

18 Characteristics of Italian Renaissance Gardens Designed to be inspiring all year round Not dependent on color Very formal An expansive vista

19 Characteristics of Italian Renaissance Gardens Display and backdrop for sculpture Historic themes Contrast of sun and shade Shady alle or walk Water Features

20 French Baroque Gardens Retains the elements of geometric design and parterre gardening

21 French Baroque Gardens Water features and fountains remain important with highly styled elements

22 French Baroque Gardens Stairs and balustrades are also incorporated to change from one terraced area to another

23 French Baroque Gardens The expansive vista and topiary hedges remain critical elements but less statuary is present.

24 Anglo-Dutch Formal Gardens Retains many of the similar elements but color begins to enter the picture This is more in favor with today

25 Formal English Gardens Statuary, balustrades and stairs to transfer from one terrace to another

26 Formal English Gardens The heavy influence of both French and Italian gardening is easily recognized.

27 English Landscape Gardens

28 Formal English Gardens Estate Parks became popular Capability Brown was a designer that removed much of the formal gardens in favor of a natural design with a stream and green sward.

29 English Gardenesque Gardens Current these highlight individual plantings to their best Avent of the botanical collector s approch Cottage gardens

30 English Landscape Gardens No talk on English gardens is complete without the Ha-Ha feature! Provides the naturalistic sward while allowing for the production animals to be held away from the botanicals