Driven Danger: How to Protect U2lity Workers from Vehicle Traffic
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1 Driven Danger: How to Protect U2lity Workers from Vehicle Traffic
2 Sco? Mar2no Been at Washington Electric Coopera2ve 25 years with last 6 years as Safety & Environmental Compliance Specialist
3 Objec2ves The importance of overseeing contract-flagging crews Proper ways to set up work zones Why proper signage is effec2ve at reducing risk Learn about work zone fatali2es that u2li2es have experienced
4 WEC Linemen At WEC the linemen told me two things that are difficult for them one is trees because they can be unpredictable and the other is traffic because they are not in control of it. People do crazy things behind the wheel.
5 U2lity Accident Florida
6 Why are we here? To avoid situations like this
7 Thousands Die Each Year
8 Accidents in Work Zones in Vermont We have had two flagger deaths in Vermont that happened for people who worked for U2li2es. First one happened on a tree crew and a tree landed on the flagger. Second one happened when a flagger was backed over by a U2lity Truck.
9 Workzone Crash Data Per Workzone Management Website h?p://
10 Work zone crashes Per Workzone Management Website h?p://
11 Sta2s2cs ,092 people were killed in traffic accidents which is a 7.2% increase. This is the largest increase in 50 years (Na2onal Highway Safety).
12 Flagger Safety Basics Protec2ng yourself Protec2ng the workers Protec2ng the travelling public
13 Protec2ng the Flagger Flagger Sta*on Visible to approaching motorists Has an escape route Ligh2ng Day2me - not in deep shadow Nighgme - has area ligh2ng Not hidden by the background No personal vehicle Separa2on from work ac2vi2es
14 Flagger DO NOT Mingle With the Crew Leave Your Post Turn Your Back to Traffic Sit Down On The Job
15 Flagger Personal Protec*ve Equipment Class 2 Traffic Control Vest for day2me Class 3 apparel (vest and pants) for nighgme Sturdy Shoes Headgear
16 Flagger DO NOT USE Radio, ipod, cell phone Chair Books and magazines Car radios Personal vehicle
17 Flagger Hos*le drivers Be courteous but firm Keep a safe distance Walk away from any driver who becomes belligerent. If the driver enters the work zone warn the crew - This is an emergency! Get the vehicle s license number and a descrip2on of the driver. No2fy your supervisor of the incident as soon as possible.
18 Protec2ng the workers Communica2on Between flaggers by radio or hand signals Between flaggers and work zone competent person (set up method during tailgate talk)
19 Protec2ng the workers Warning Air horn for emergencies? Or another means of communica2on Vehicle intrusion Crash Emergency in work area Flaggers stop all traffic when air horn sounds
20 Protec2ng the workers Are there any thoughts you want to add about protec2ng the workers
21 Protec2ng the travelling public - Motorists Make Eye Contact Communicate clearly where and when drivers should stop, slow down, and change lanes Trucks try not to stop a truck as the first vehicle in the queue Trucks travel more slowly through the work zone Approaching motorists can t see flagger around truck
22 Plan Ahead Emergency Vehicles Contact local emergency services and no2fy them of the work zone loca2on and dura2on. Know, when you hear the siren, that an emergency vehicle is approaching. Be able to tell the crew what is coming. Special planning may be required when the lane closure distance is very long or the road will be closed completely for short periods.
23 Bicyclists Bicyclists Take longer to get through the work zone Hold bikes to end of queue so they can travel without vehicles behind them
24 Pedestrians Provide ADA accessible pedestrian detour or temporary path if sidewalks are blocked Provide escort (not flagger) through work area if no separate path provided and pedestrian traffic is expected What would you do in a rural area if a pedestrian showed up
25 Pedestrians Proper signs are needed for sidewalk closures Other work zone signs should not block sidewalks, bicycle lanes, etc.
26 Protec2ng the travelling public Are there any thoughts you want to add about protec2ng the traveling public?
27 Work Zone Standards & Guidelines MUTCD is federal document which contains the standards and guidelines to be followed in temporary traffic control zones. Your flip book summarizes these All Work Zones must be compliant with the MUTCD
28 Work Zone Standards & Guidelines OTHER DOCUMENTS Contract plans Special provisions to those plans Traffic Control Plan, or TCP
29 Fundamental principles of temporary traffic control Priori2ze Safety and Minimize Change Communicate Clearly Inspect Work Zone and Monitor Traffic Train Everyone Maintain Good Public Rela2ons
30 Priori2ze Safety & Minimize Change You may be able to maintain two way traffic and not use flaggers
31 Communicate Clearly The path drivers must follow should be clearly marked. Conflic2ng devices should be removed
32 Communicate Clearly Flagger signs should be moved when the work space moves, and removed when flaggers are not present.
33 Inspect Work Zone & Monitor Traffic Watch for long queues and/or unsafe ac2ons by drivers. Make changes when needed
34 Train Everyone, and Maintain Good Public Rela2ons Train Everyone Everyone on the job should receive training appropriate to the job decisions they are required to make.
35 Maintain good public rela2ons You are the one the driver sees and remembers.
36 Typical Flagger Work Zone Equipment
37 Typical Flagger Workzone Equipment Quan*ty Descrip*on 2 Roadwork Ahead Sign 2 One Lane Load Ahead Sign 2 Flagger Ahead (Symbol Sign) 2 End of Road Sign (Op2onal) 8 Portable Sign Stands Cones with retroreflec2ve white bands 2 ANSI Class 2 Reflec2ve Vests or Class 3 if Needed (Nighgme Use) 2 STOP/SLOW Paddles
38 Clothing and Vests Be careful to select clothing that meets ANSI/ ISEA 107 Standards. There are a number of products on the market that appear similar to ANSI garments, but are made of inferior materials and do not provide sufficient visibility, durability and protec2on.
39 Work Zone Layouts and Signing
40 Advance Warning Area Provides Warning Informa2on Ac2ons to take Usually diamond-shaped signs
41 Advance Warning Area
42 Sign Spacing Increases with speed Depends on the type of road Expressways and freeways Rural Urban
43 Recommended Minimum Advance Warning Sign Spacing Table 6C-1 out MUTCD 2009 Edi2on Road A B C Urban(Low Speed) Urban(High Speed) Rural Freeways and Expressway 1,000 1,500 2,640
44 Sign Spacing
45 Transi2on Area and Termina2on Area
46 Flagger Taper and Termina2on Required for lane closures Usually involves 5 cones (End) Taper Should be 50 to 100 feet long End taper can be dead ended with 5 closely spaced cones on centerline
47 Cones Typically used on short dura2on projects Should not be lev una?ended Retroreflec2ve bands required for night use 28 min height for >40 mph, 18 for low speed
48 Ac2vity Area
49 Buffer Space Space to allow vehicles to recover without higng anything or anyone
50 Work Space
51 Travel Space The space for the public to pass safely
52 Review Parts of the Work Zone
53 Planning for Temporary Traffic Control
54 Traffic Control Plan Required for any project that affects the movement of traffic Can be: Simply a standard drawing from the MUTCD Site-specific for more complex project
55 Standard TA 10 out of MUTCD Two Flaggers No arrow panels taper Buffer space extended for visibility
56 Remember Each work site is unique By the book rules won t apply every 2me Basic fundamentals s2ll apply Communicate a clear and simple message Use common sense and good judgment!!
57 Segng-up the Work Zone Set the advance warning signs for traffic on the opposite side of the road from the work space Turn around and set the advance signs serving the traffic that is on the same side of the road as the work space. Flaggers take their sta2ons. Never start flagging un2l all signs and flaggers are in posi2on. Flaggers stop all traffic Set up cones and move equipment into work space Start normal flagging opera2on
58 Inspect Aver Set-Up Look at workzone from driver s perspec2ve? Make sure driver knows where to drive? Can they see all devices clearly? Are workers protected in the workzone?
59 Removal of Work Zone Remove equipment and materials from work space Stop all traffic Remove cones Release traffic, end flagging opera2on Remove signs Never turn back on Traffic
60 Flagging Fundamentals
61 The Well Equipped Flagger A Stop / Slow paddle Full advance warning sign package Channelizing Devices such as cones Communica2on method such as 2-way radio or a baton. Pen and Paper Area ligh2ng for night flagging Flashlight with cone for night flagging
62 Flagger Communica2ons Objec2ve To have the driver understand what ac2ons to take by using standard hand and paddle signals To be understood by the driver
63 STOP/SLOW Paddle 18 x 18 inches MIN! 24 inches is even be?er 6-inch le?ers Rigid handle Minimum 5 v. long
64 Stop Sign Gesture - Face Traffic with arm outstretched and palm towards traffic. Posi2on - Stand on the Shoulder un*l the first car is stopped, then move to the center of the road.
65 SIGN = SLOW Gesture - Facing traffic move arm in sweeping gesture, end sweep by poin2ng to the lane traffic is to use Posi2on Stand on shoulder out of the path of moving vehicles.
66 Flagging During Emergencies Non-scheduled events crashes water main breaks, etc. A 24 x 24 RED flag may be used ONLY in emergency situa2ons Use a stop/slow paddle as soon as possible
67 STOP with a Flag FLAG - held s2ll at shoulder height HAND SIGNAL -Arm outstretched and palm faced to traffic
68 Slow with a Flag FLAG - Move flag slowly up and down between knee and shoulder high HAND SIGNAL - Arm and hand in a pumping mo2on with the palm down
69 Typical Flagging Situa2ons Two flaggers controlling one open lane on a two-lane road Single Flagger controlling both direc2ons of traffic Intersec2ons Special situa2ons
70 Two Flagger Opera2on Communica2on and teamwork is essen2al Typically one flagger is the lead flagger who the crew does communica2on through
71 Two-Flagger Opera2ons First flagger Releases traffic by displaying SLOW Second flagger Stops traffic by displaying STOP
72 Two-Flagger Opera2ons Second flagger Con2nues to STOP traffic un2l the all clear signal is received from the first flagger Releases traffic while the first flagger stops traffic
73 Communica2on Between Flaggers Signals (by sight) Two-way radios A pilot car can also be used in complex temporary traffic control zones or on detours to show following cars the way to go. Token/flag method (Last Resort)
74 Sight Method Both flaggers have visual contact at all 2mes and can easily see each other Use an all clear signal (such as raising one s hat) Be careful not to confuse the driver with hand signals
75 Most common Two-Way Radios Needed when flaggers cannot see each other Needed when mul2ple flaggers (make sure that all flaggers can communicate) Ba?eries!!
76 Flag-carrying Method First flagger hands a flag or a baton to the LAST car allowed to pass That driver hands the flag to the second flagger at the other end all clear signal Second flagger releases traffic Last resort method Need to have extra flags because drivers forget to hand them back
77 Single Flagger Opera2ons
78 Single Flagger Controlling Both Direc2ons of Traffic Short work space Low volume (so low that it is unlikely that cars will approach from both direc2ons at the same 2me) Low speed (35 mph or less) Short dura2on Good visibility All these condi2ons shall be met Flagger posi*oned directly across from work space
79 Single Flagger Stand in a place that is away from the work space and other workers. (So the flaggers can be iden2fied as flagger not worker) Stand where you can be easily seen by drivers from both direc2ons
80 Single Flagger Set Up
81 Intersec2on Flagging Not the recommended set up
82 Flagging at intersec2ons A Flagger can only STOP and RELEASE traffic not direct it where to go. Signalized intersec2on, use a UTO One Flagger for each intersec2on approach Posi2on flagger sta2ons feet before intersec2on Traffic is released one approach at a 2me so there are no traffic conflicts
83 Special Situa2ons: Railroad Crossings Do not allow stopped traffic to back up over a crossing Posi2on flagger PRIOR to crossing
84 Railroad Crossing Outline TA46 out of MUTCD
85 Nighgme Opera2on Reduced visibility More alcohol-related accidents Lower volumes = higher speeds Longer percep2on-reac2on 2mes
86 Day2me vs. Nighgme Work Fatal Crashes Per Workzone Management Website h?p://
87 Device and Equipment Visibility All devices shall be Retroreflec2ve, or Illuminated (Having its own light source)
88 Floodlights Shall be used to illuminate Flagger Sta2ons. Street lights and headlights are not sufficient!
89 Devices That Help Improve Visibility Retroreflec2ve vehicle markings Emergency flashers Flashing strobe lights Rota2ng beacons
90 Flagger Visibility at Night Garments should iden2fy the wearer as a person; throughout all body mo2ons A flashlight with a red cone should be used to emphasize hand signals
91 Overall Goal of Traffic Control Move traffic safely and efficiently through the work zone. Communica*on between everyone is key?
92 Thank You
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