TRAINING SERIES ACE GLOBAL LINES DWC LLC. * Powered By Excellence * Prepared By : Lawrence Fernandes

Transcription

1 TRAINING SERIES ACE GLOBAL LINES DWC LLC * Powered By Excellence * Prepared By : Lawrence Fernandes

2 Customer Support Information Safe Reefer Cargo Stowage

3 What s the purpose of a Reefer? * To maintain the Temperature of the Product * It is not designed to reduce or increase the temperature of the product * It relies on good air circulation within and around the load

4 Product Temperature Product should always be cooled to the required temperature before being loaded. Transport refrigeration equipment is designed to maintain temperature only. Product should be loaded from a refrigerated loading bay.

5 Packaging Plastic wrap will act as a vapor barrier. Sometimes it is used to trap in moisture, other times to keep it out. It will always reduce the air circulation in and around the product. Fresh Frozen Products Products

6 Recommended Loading Sequence * Inspect the unit to be loaded. * Pre- cool the box until set- point. * Switch off the unit. * Load pre- cooled product at the correct temperature and as per correct stowage. * Close doors. * Start up unit. * Ensure correct Set- Point. * Ensure continuous Power- Supply by hauliers.

7 Inspect Equipment Ensure Container is clean Container & seals are in good condition Reefer is well maintained and pretripped by trained technicians

8 Pre- Cooling the Container Removes the heat that has entered the body from the sun. Pointless if proper loading bay not provided or unit left off power after packing.

9 Heat Sources 1. Through the body 2. Through the rear door 3. Warm Products 4. Door Seal

10 Open Doors External Heat. When ambient temperature is warmer than the cargo, operating the reefer with the rear doors open will not cool down the cargo (Fig 3). The hot ambient air will heat up the cargo instead. When hot humid air enters the reefer, moisture condenses on the cold cooling coil and turns to ice. Once loading is complete and the doors are closed, the reefer could run for hours with a partially iced-up cooling coil. This will reduce its cooling effect and put the cargo in danger until the unit completes a defrost cycle. Further, the genset should be stopped during stuffing, due to the risk of exhaust gas reaching the fresh cargo.

11 Reefer Precautions - AIRFLOW * Poor air distribution is one of the primary causes of product deterioration even when unit capacity is more than adequate. * Obstruction anywhere around the load can result in hot spots. * Do Not Stack Boxes Above the Red Load Line!!

12 Red Line Always Load Below The Red Line

13 Vertical air channels Container side wall

14 Proper Cargo Loading & Airflow Remember: Airflow is critical to optimal cooling. The shipper is responsible for correct stowage of the cargo within the container.

15 Excessive Space Between Loads Result: Airflow doesn t extend the full length of the reefer.

16 Load placed at the Rear Result: Short-Cycling.

17 Load placed at the Front Result: Air does not flow through the interior of the cargo.

18 Correct Pallet Loading Properly loaded pallets should allow air to flow around and in between the boxes. Spacers will help stabilize the load and ensure good airflow. Minimum 100mm from the rear door

19 Additional Pointers for Agents Safe Reefer Cargo Stowage

20 Ideal Carriage Instructions Parameters that may be included in carriage instructions are as follows: 1. Pre stuffing sanitation Proper cleanliness and lack of odour in containers. 2. Pre cooling of containers 3. Cooling during part loaded conditions Part loaded containers should be closed an temp maintained if there is a delay before complete loading. 4. Prohibition of stuffing cargo at mixed temp. Properly pre cooled cargo and subsequently warmer cargo should not be mixed 5. Stowage requirement : Cargo must never under any circumstances be stowed above the red load line. 6. Ventilation The rate of fresh air ventilation for fresh produce should be specified. 7. Carriage temp Set point temp to be specified as this corresponds to air delivery temp for chilled cargo and to air return temp for frozen goods. 8. Max time with refrigeration Sometimes it may be necessary to specify a maximum duration of time without refrigeration..

21 Carriage Instructions 9. Air circulation rate Some containers have a high air circulation rate of chilled goods and a lower rate for frozen goods. Co2: Fresh fruit / vegetables are alive. They respire by taking up oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide and heat. This carbon dioxide released during respiration may induce storage disorders in some products. Ethylene: All fruits releases small amount of Ethylene during growth and some release much larger amount during ripening. Excess ethylene emissions can accelerate the ripening process of produce. Ripening can be induced in some fruit eg bananas by introducing ethylene in the surrounding air. Ethylene can also increase the rate of deterioration of some produce an may cause off - flavors. 10. Relative humidity When equipment with humidity control is used a range must be specified. 11. Measurement and reporting requirements It is normal to record air temp in refrigerated container. 12. Special conditions for cold weather 13. Packaging Requirement Packaging material for frozen products does not require air holes in the top and bottom of the cartons.

22 Reefer Stowage Airflow, Airflow, Airflow! The correct way to stuff a bottom-air delivery reefer unit with chilled or frozen cargo is illustrated in below figure. In the fresh, chilled cargo, covering the entire floor with cargo forces the cool air to flow through the cartons and products throughout the container. When frozen cargo is stuffed in the same way, cold airflows around the cargo, blanketing the cartons and removing heat that enters through the container walls.

23 Summary - Safe Cargo Stowage * Always use ACE s well maintained & clean reefers. * Ideally pre- cool the container at your storage facility. * Only load pre- cooled cargo at the desired carrying temperature. * Ensure that the load is stacked to provide proper airflow. * Run the unit from the time it s packed un- till the time it is unpacked. Running Hot.To Keep You Cool!!