PV pumping economics lessons from Australia (irrigation, drinking water, stock)
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1 PV pumping economics lessons from Australia (irrigation, drinking water, stock) Geoff Stapleton Managing Director Global Sustainable Energy Solutions Pty Ltd
2 Water Pumping Throughout history many methods have been developed to aid irrigation and pump water for human uses. The most common used in remote communities are Hand pumps Wind Pumps Direct diesel driven pumps with a diesel generator Electric submersible pumps with a diesel generator Solar submersible pumps
3 Solar Water Pumping Solar water pumping utilises a solar panel as the energy source. The photovoltaics convert the sunlight directly into electricity, this is then supplied to a DC pump controller and motor, which, in turn, pumps water whenever the sun shines. PV Array DC Pump Control Pump and Motor
4 Applications Solar water pumps are used primarily for three applications: Village/household water supply Livestock watering Irrigation Image source: g
5 Numbers Solar pumps have really come of age over recent years and are now an economic and practical alternative to all other pumping solutions, even for irrigation. The Research Institute for Sustainable Energy (RISE) estimate that there are over solar powered water pumps installed across the world.
6 Solar Water Pumping in Australia In Australia they are widely used on farms and outback stations to supply bore and surface sourced water to livestock. Due to the isolations of many of these areas solar provides the best option for these pumping needs.
7 Solar Pumping ADVANTAGES Unattended operation No fuel costs Low maintenance Easy installation Long-life Works wherever the sun shines DISADVANTAGES Water storage is required High system design and planning needs High capital costs
8 Economics RISE have assessed the economic viability of PV pumping systems in comparison to diesel pumping systems and found that economic PV pumping is limited to 5 kwp However with reductions in solar prices this might increase.
9 Typical Performance Comparison The performance table below is based on a 5.5 kw hr/day and shows the comparison between a typical stationary and tracking array, Note values will vary depending on the average available irradiance in the region Stationary array 5.5kw hr/day Tracking array 5.5kw hr/day 150W 300W 450W 600W 900W 1200W 1800W 2400W 5m m m m m Source: SOLAR PUMPS-FURTHER READINGS an article by Cindy Benjamin 2010
10 Approximate Prices Array (W p ) Stationary Tracking 175W $5,490 $6, W $8,870 $10, W $10,390 $11, W $12,070 $13, W $14,850 $16, W $15,750 $17, W $17,850 $19, W $22,950 $25, W $26,700 $29, W $38,680 $44, W $48,300 $55,410 Source: SOLAR PUMPS-FURTHER READINGS an article by Cindy Benjamin 2010
11 Economic comparisons Difficult to get case studies on economic comparisons in Australia. Why? Station owners and farmers know it is cheaper longer term to operate than diesel--
12 Case Studies-South Australia Soon after purchasing farm they needed to update their water pumping system so they could water their stock throughout the year. The old windmill was removed and replaced with the 300 Watt solar system capable of providing 50 m head and up to 24,000 litres of water per day. Approximate Cost $12,000 Source-Mono Pumps Australia
13 Case Studies-Dairy Farm Victoria Owner decided to install a Solar System to extract water from his bore without having to incur the costs of running a more conventional AC or diesel powered pumping system. The chosen submersible solar system known consisted of three 175W panels capable of producing over 1500 litres per hour while the sun shines. In fact, with great efficiency, the system pumps up a 2 line over several hundred. Owner stated the no cost of running the system appealed tome, as power was to far away, and the windmill did not give us enough water in the summer. I am extremely happy with the performance so far Approximate cost $14,000 Source-Mono Pumps Australia
14 Case Study Hamilton Downs NT 2000 km 2 property 80 km south-west of Alice Springs, running 5000 shorthorn cattle Relies totally on underground water, previously using wind power and a supporting diesel generator for a constant water supply. Solar pump replaced windmill and diesel generator on a well 100 m from the homestead. 600W Solar Array---well 64 metresdeep pumps to holding tanks Approximate costs $17,000 Source Grundfos Pumps Australia
15 Case Study Flinders Ranges -SA Flinders Ranges sheep and cattle station situated 650 km north of Adelaide, 3,500 km 2 property, which when fully stocked will run up to breeding ewes and 1500 breeding cattle. Replaced 30 windmills with 17 bore hole pumps units are powered by 136 GF 50 (50 W) solar modules. Each installation has an average of eight modules.. Water depth varies from 9 to 50 m and flows range from 3000 to 5000 gallons (11 to 19 m 3 ) a day, all sites use the same pump model. Owner stated: Had we kept the windmills, we would have needed at least two additional staff simply to maintain them. Solar power is the way to go, and the pumps offer versatility, great performance and reliability. We decided that the expense of installing the Solar pumps would be a sound investment in the long term.. Source Grundfos Pumps Australia
16 Use in Asia Solar (photovoltaic) powered water pumping has the potential to bring sustainable supplies of potable water to millions of people in developing countries. Programs to over come the upfront cost barrier will be required.
17 THANK YOU
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