The Following Question complete from your End-of Chapter questions in your book on page 157 (write answers in complete sentences:

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1 The Following Question complete from your End-of Chapter questions in your book on page 157 (write answers in complete sentences: 1. Question 1 Wind, solar, geothermal 2. Question 2a C. Power is a measure of the amount of energy transferred per second. 3. Question 2b The units of Power are Watts (W), Kilowatts (kw) 4. Question 3a In the experiment where purple solid is added to the bottom of a Bunsen beaker in an area where a Bunsen burner is burning, the purple solid will dissolve in the water, and, because of the heat provided by the Bunsen burner, the water will begin to rise and fall in a convection current that the purple solid will make visible. 5. Question 3b The purple colour forms a convection current because water is being heated by the Bunsen burner, the water molecules immediately above the Bunsen burner speed up and move up and outward, being replaced by cold water, which creates a current. 6. Question 4a A fossil fuel that can be burned in a power station may be coal, oil, or gas. 7. Question 5a A tennis ball that has energy from its position above the earth has gravitational potential energy (GPE) 8. Question 5b-i The student is stating that energy will be converted from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy, because this is a usual energy conversion that happens when an object falls from a stationary position and is pulled down to earth by gravity. It must change its position which requires movement and kinetic energy is the energy of motion. 9. Question 5b-ii The student may not be completely accurate in saying that all of the energy stored up will be purely transferred into kinetic energy. Some energy may be converted into other forms like heat or light, depending on how fast the ball is moving. 10. Question 5c The ball moves because it is being pulled by gravity. 11. Question 6a The work done when a car engine uses a force of 500N to move a car 200m is force x distance = 500N x 200m = J 12. Question 6b The work done when a shopkeeper uses a force of 50 N to lift a box 1.5 meters is force x distance = 50N x 1.5m = 75 J 13. Question 7a The power of a lightbulb that transfers 6000J every minute is Power = work time = 6000J 60 seconds = 100 Watts

2 14. Question 7b The power of a lightbulb that has a current of 0.05A and a potential difference of 240 V is Power = current x potential difference = 0.05A x 240V = 12 W. 15. Question 7c Since both lightbulbs are equally bright, and we prefer a bulb that is energy efficient which means it uses less energy to give off the same amount of light, the lightbulb that uses 12 Watts of power is more energy efficient. 16. Question 8a Energy is transferred through a double glazed window by conduction as the glass molecules on the inside of the window, on the side of the warm room are heated up, they move faster and that energy spreads to the colder side of the window where air molecules are excited on its surface. 17. Question 8b The rate of energy transfer would decrease, because glass molecules would take more energy to move than gas molecules with are more excitable, or more easily energized. Conduction would not occur, and energy would be transferred very slowly by radiation. 18. Question 9 Insulating my house will reduce my energy bills because I can keep heat energy in my house and not have to spend money on producing it with gas/oil heaters, or electric heaters. Also, in the summer, an insulated house, wont heat up at quickly, which will keep it cool. 19. A gannet is a type of sea bird. (a) To catch food, the gannet dives down into the sea. What is the useful energy transfer when the gannet dives? Choose words from the box below.

3 When the gannet dives, gravitational potential energy is transferred to kinetic energy. 20. Sankey diagrams summarise all the energy transfers taking place in a process. The thicker the line or arrow, the greater the amount of energy involved. What can we say is true about the Sankey Diagrams above? a. Apparatus A is more efficient b. Apparatus B is more efficient c. They both have the same efficiency 21. The efficiency of a device is the proportion of the energy supplied that is transferred in useful ways. You should be able to calculate the efficiency of a device as a decimal or as a percentage. The efficiency of a device such as a lamp can be calculated: efficiency = useful energy out total energy in (for a decimal efficiency) efficiency = (useful energy out total energy in) 100 (for a percentage efficiency) Calculate the percent (%) efficiency of Apparatus A and Apparatus B below (Show your work). Apparatus A: 1/10 x 100 = 10 % Efficiency Apparatus B: 4/10 x 100 = 40 % Efficiency

4 22. A coal-fired power station is 40% efficient. This means that: a. 40% of the chemical energy stored in coal is transferred to electrical energy b. 60% of the chemical energy stored in coal is transferred to electrical energy c. 40% of the chemical energy stored in coal is transferred to the surroundings as heat 23. Renewable energy sources quickly replenish themselves and can be used again and again. For this reason they are sometimes called infinite energy resources. A resource that cannot be replaced when it is used up is called a non-renewable energy resource. Energy resources that, once used, can replenish themselves and can be used again and again are called: a. Nonrenewable c. Finite e. b. Renewable d. Potential Kinetic 24. What is another term used to mean renewable? a. Sustainable b. Finite c. Infinite 25. Energy resources that, once used, cannot be replaced are called: a. nonrenewable. c. b. renewable. infinite. d. potential. e. kinetic. 26. What is another term used to mean non-renewable? a. Nonrenewable b. Finite c. Infinite 27. Which of the energy sources listed is NOT a renewable source of energy? a. Oil b. Solar c. Wind d. Tidal 28. What type of energy source is formed from fossilised plants and is found sandwiched between other types of rock in the Earth? a. Oil b. Coal c. Geothermal d. Biomass e. Nuclear

5 29. What is the name given to the source of energy created with the burning of decaying plant or animal waste? a. Oil b. Coal c. Geothermal d. Biomass e. Nuclear 30. What type of energy source comes from radioactive minerals such as uranium and releases energy when the atoms of the radioactive minerals are split by nuclear fission? a. Biomass b. Natural gas c. Geothermal d. Hydro-electric power (HEP) e. Nuclear 31. Estimates from international government organisations suggest that if the world's demand for fossil fuels continues at its present rate, they may run out within some of our lifetimes. How long is the world's supply of oil meant to last for? a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 30 years d. 50 years e. 70 years 32. Which energy source is derived from the movement of sea water in and out of turbines to generate electricity? b. Hydro-electric power (HEP) c. Tidal d. Solar 33. Which statement below is NOT an advantage of tidal energy? a. Tidal barrages have the potential to generate a lot of energy b. Tidal barrages can double as bridges c. Tidal barrages can help to prevent flooding d. Tidal barrages can alter the ecosystem around the estuary impacting on wildlife habitats e. Tidal energy is renewable and once in use can be used for generations What is the name of the renewable energy supply generated by capturing sunlight in panels that convert the sunlight into electricity? b. Hydro-electric power (HEP) c. Tidal d. Solar

6 34. What is the name of the renewable energy source generated from using volcanic heat found under the Earth's surface? b. Hydro-electric power (HEP) c. Tidal d. Solar 35. What natural resource is harnessed to generate hydro-electric power (HEP)? b. Water c. Light d. Heat

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