Atomic Structure Timeline
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1 Atomic Structure Timeline Use the following information to fill out your foldable. You will be responsible for the information found on this PowerPoint presentation.
2 Democritus (400 B.C.) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny indivisible particles Not based on experimental data Greek: atomos
3 Alchemy (next 2000 years) Mixture of science and mysticism. Lab procedures were developed, but alchemists did not perform controlled experiments like true scientists.
4 John Dalton (1807) British Schoolteacher based his theory on others experimental data Billiard Ball Model atom is a uniform, solid sphere
5 John Dalton Dalton s Four Postulates 1. Elements are composed of small indivisible particles called atoms. 2. Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms of different elements are different. 3. Atoms of different elements combine together in simple proportions to create a compound. 4. In a chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged, but not changed.
6 Henri Becquerel (1896) Discovered radioactivity spontaneous emission of radiation from the nucleus Three types: alpha ( ) positive beta ( ) negative gamma ( ) neutral
7 J. J. Thomson (1903) Cathode Ray Tube Experiments beam of negative particles Discovered Electrons negative particles within the atom Plumpudding Model
8 J. J. Thomson (1903) Plumpudding Model positive sphere (pudding) with negative electrons (plums) dispersed throughout
9 Ernest Rutherford (1911) Gold Foil Experiment Discovered the nucleus dense, positive charge in the center of the atom Nuclear Model
10 Ernest Rutherford (1911) Nuclear Model dense, positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons
11 Niels Bohr (1913) BrightLine Spectrum tried to explain presence of specific colors in hydrogen s spectrum Energy Levels electrons can only exist in specific energy states Planetary Model
12 Niels Bohr (1913) Brightline spectrum Planetary Model electrons move in circular orbits within specific energy levels
13 Erwin Schrödinger (1926) Quantum mechanics electrons can only exist in specified energy states Electron cloud model orbital: region around the nucleus where e are likely to be found
14 Erwin Schrödinger (1926) Electron Cloud Model (orbital) dots represent probability of finding an e not actual electrons
15 James Chadwick (1932) Discovered neutrons neutral particles in the nucleus of an atom JoliotCurie Experiments based his theory on their experimental evidence
16 James Chadwick (1932) Neutron Model revision of Rutherford s Nuclear Model
17 Murray GellMann & George Zweig Murray Gell Mann was an American physicist who received a Nobel Prize for his theory on elementary particles. He also found that all the elements of an atom are held together by quarks. To find this, he blasted high speed electrons into a hydrogen atom. George Zweig proposed the existence of quarks. He thought of them as aces, because he guessed there were four quarks in every atom. Now, in the same year, both these guys proposed the idea of quarks. They tested electrical charges, and that how the numbers for quarks came about.
18 1700s 1800s 1900s History of the Atom Timeline Antoine Lavoisier makes J.J. a substantial Thomson number discovers of contributions the to the electron field of and Chemistry proposes the Plum Pudding Model in Niels Bohr proposes the Bohr Model in James Chadwick discovered the neutron in in BC 0 Democritus proposes the 1 st atomic theory Erwin John Dalton Ernest Rutherford Schrodinger proposes performs his the Gold Foil describes atomic theory Experiment in in 1909 the electron 1803 cloud in
19 Progression of the Atomic Model + + Electron Cloud + Electron Cloud The structure of an atom, according to: James Ernest Erwin J.J. Democritus Neils Schrodinger Thomson Chadwick Rutherford Bohr & John Dalton
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