王华平. J. McDowell. disjunctivist. automata Cassam p. VII CZX031

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1 77 * 王华平 20 J. McDowell disjunctivist automata Cassam p. VII * 10CZX031

2 78 J. S. Mill A. Ayer 30 Ego Wittgenstein 1975 par ibid 2000 MS p. 59 ibid ibid 256 ibid 293 ibid ibid MS Manuscript

3 他心的直接感知理论 79 criteria Malcolm pp symptom Wittgenstein p q q p Hacker p. 291 p q pain-behavior ibid 244 ibid 281 the outer the inner locus expressions ibid 244 ibid ibid ibid 1980 Vol. Ⅱ 570 ibid 170 cf. Malcom pp Albritton pp Garver pp

4 80 Wittgenstein 1953 p. 178 cf. Wright p. 123 Hacker pp defeasible S M C S M C C C' S M M' McDowell 1998 pp S M S M S M P S M P M appearance highest common factor ibid p. 386

5 他心的直接感知理论 81 McDowell 1998 p. 389 ibid p. 370 ibid p. 305 p p p p ibid 2002 p. 97 ibid 1998 p. 380

6 82 Gallese and Goldman p. 496 sub-personal Lavelle pp percept A. Goldman Goldman p. 147 ibid p. 113 Gallagher p. 541 S. Gallagher Gallagher p. 541

7 他心的直接感知理论 83 - Gallagher and Meltzoff pp Gopnik and Meltzoff p. 131 Gallagher p know-how McGann and Jaegher p. 424 Schilbach A. -Akel and S. -Tsoory pp Scholl and Tremoulet p. 299 A. -Akel A. and S. -Tsoory S Neuroanatomical and neurochemical bases of theory of mind in Neuropsychologia 49. Albritton R On Wittgenstein's use of the term criterion' in Journal of Philosophy Cassam Q The Possibility of Knowledge Oxford Oxford University Press. Gallagher S Direct perception in the intersubjective context in Consciousness and Cognition 17. Gallagher S. and Meltzoff A. N The earliest sense of self and others in Philosophical Psychology 9. Gallese V. and Goldman A Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mind-reading in Trends in Cognitive Sciences Garver N Wittgenstein on criteria in C. D. Rollins ed. Knowledge and Experience Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Press. Goldman A Simulating Minds Oxford Oxford University Press. Gopnik A. and Meltzoff A Words Thoughts and Theories Cambridge MIT Press. Hacker P. M. S Insight and Illusion Oxford Oxford University Press. Lavelle J Theory-theory and the direct perception of mental states in Review of Philosophy and Psychology 3 2. Malcolm N Wittgenstein's philosophical investigations in The Philosophical Review 63 4.

8 84 McDowell J Meaning Knowledge and Reality Cambridge Harvard University Press Knowledge and the internal revisited in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 64. McGann M. and Jaegher H. D Self-other contingencies enacting social perception in Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 8 4. Schilbach L. Forthcoming Toward a second-person neuroscience in Behavioral and Brain Sciences. Scholl B. and Tremoulet P Perceptual causality and animacy in Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 8. Wittgenstein L Philosophical Investigations Oxford Blackwell Philosophical Remarks ed. by R. Rhees Cambridge Blackwell Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology Oxford Blackwell Wittgenstein's Nachlass Oxford Oxford University Press. Wright C Realism truth-value links other minds and the past in Ratio Bristol 责任编辑 : 孟宪清 檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾檾 Aristotle 1965 Metaphysics Penguin Books. Bergson 1984a L'Evolution Creatrice in Oeuvres Paris PUF. 1984b Les Deux Sources de la Moral et de la Religion Paris Quadrige /PUF Matière Et Mémoire Paris Quadridge /PUF. Henry 1990 Phénoménologie Matérielle Paris PUF De la Phénoménologie Tome I Phénoménologie de la Vie Paris PUF. Kant 1933 Critique of Pure Reason London The Macmillan Press Ltd. Lévinas 2006 Totalité et Infini Essai sur L'Extériorité Paris Kluwer Academic. Marion 1998 tant Donné Essai d'une Phénoménologie de la dontion Paris PUF De Surcroit tudes sur les Phénoménes saturés Paris PUF. Merleau-Ponty 1968 Résumés de Cours Collége de France Paris ditions Garlimard La Nature Paris dition du Seuil. 1996a Notes de Cours Paris ditions Gallimard. 1996b loge de la Philosophie et Autres Essais Paris ditions Gallimard. Sartre 1996 L' tre et Néant Paris ditions Gallimard. 责任编辑 : 孟宪清

9 128 generation of the modern New Confucianism their culture stances can be described as Different and the same small. But only in their Mohist views on the first half of the 20th can they be described as very much the same. This very much the same is not the same as the surface indicates it is rather the meeting points of the fundamental spirit and basic method its main manifestation is the historical attitudes comparing of Chinese with Western using the western philosophy as a reference and being embodied in Scientific and logical views etc. It reflects the intrinsic demand of the modernization of Chinese Philosophy from the specific meaning and accordance to the spirits of the Science democracy fraternity in the Mohist. On the Divinity Humanity and Thingness of Nature Yang Da-chun The Nature has three faces divinity humanity and thingness. The Nature has its thingness or materiality. This means it has its proper values meanings and ends. The Nature has its divinity. This signifies that it obeys the divine values meanings and ends. The Nature's divinity may be veil of its thingness or disguise of its humanity. The Nature has its humanity. This means that human's understanding or existence determines Nature's values meanings and ends. The fundamental tensions lie between the Nature's thingness and its humanity or between Nature and Human Nature. In the transition from ancient philosophies to modern philosophies and postmodern philosophies there exists a change from Nature's thingness to its divinity and humanity but finally a return from its humanity to its thingness with the theological turn in phenomenology being a symbol of it. The Direct Perception Theory of Other Minds Wang Hua-ping The problem of other minds may be divided into the conceptual and the epistemological problems. Based on the original works done by Wittgenstein and McDowell this paper develops a direct perception theory. This theory sees other men as a seamless whole and holds that both physical and mental properties of other men can be directly perceived. More precisely other minds can present in perceptual experiences as ordinary objects do. The direct perception theory solves both the conceptual and the epistemological problems. It is not incompatible with the theory of theory or with simulation theory. To the contrary it provides an account of how it is possible to attribute mind to others in the light of the theory of theory or simulation theory. The Computational Explanation of Intentionality Li Quan-min Intentionality is one of central concepts in the philosophies of mind and cognitive science. According to the computational theory of mind mental states are computational so the nature of intentionality should be explained by means of computational view. In this paper it is argued that if computation is regarded as the dynamic change or transformation of information and the different approaches to the conceptualization of the world are taken the computational explanation of intentionality is not only possible but also powerful. A cognitive system can simulate the external physical objects and internal virtual objects by constructing the models based on anticipatory and selective information. These abilities that construct and anticipate environment come from the learning which is the computing or the transformation of information.