Small Scale LNG. Market Opportunities. Update ISO Global Standards for LNG Filling Stations. Shyreen Dahoe, Secretary of ISO PC 252

Transcription

1 Small Scale LNG Market Opportunities Update ISO Global Standards for LNG Filling Stations Shyreen Dahoe, Secretary of ISO PC 252 Martin Seifert, Chairman of ISO 252

2 The metrics of a LNG refuelling station Small Scale LNG Capacity: m 3 LNG storage Average time for filling storage 1-2 hours Tank pressure: 6 10 bar/temperature: o C LNG-Dispensing: l/min Investment costs: Mio Euro

3 Small Scale LNG Drivers and Barriers Diversification of vehicle fuel Chain Reduction of local emissions by running hecvy duty applications Locomotives Goods transports Canal ships Diversification of NG sources Backup, peak-straving (on per day basis) LNG advantages in density substitution of Diesel Ship fuelling Virtual pipelines to remote regions Easy LNG-transport on road rail cars, barges for neau shore or river transport 3 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW

4 Small Scale LNG Drivers and Barriers Lack of framework regulations for LNG on Land and rivers in the EU/Transportation of LNG on road, canals and rail still not harmonized Subsidies/tax exemption-reductions for LNG- Infrastructure build up No harmoniezed standards for LNG/LCNG refuelling stations No approved standards for on board equipment on vehicles 4 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW

5 Typical Small Scale LNG Total L-CNG stations in Europe: 30 LNG, Heavy Duty Vehicles CNG, mainly for Passenger And Light Duty Vehicles

6 The Landscape The use of LNG as a vehicle fuel is one of the fastest growing sectors of the NGV industry Rapid technical advances Broad scope of possible applications: - Heavy duty vehicles - Rail locomotives - Marine applications: Ship propulsion But... Very interesting for peak shaving Key technology for satellite gas distribution systems

7 And the Key is LNG transport on the road LNG transport on ships (inland shipping) LNG transport on rails

8 Standards What is it...bloody Boring!!! Who want s zo know about standards processes? Who want s to participate? But we need them for: - The Authorities. Assist regulators/ ease approvals - For Commissioning - Maintaining safety and reliability

9 Standards Permanent working in progress Never finished

10 Safety considerations Flammable Vapour: Thermal radiation from ignited LNG vapours/explosions Cryogenic fluid (T<-130 o C). Burns by direct exposure of skin/material damages

11 Requirements for the use Containments: Primary containment with appropriate materials and engineering design/secondary containment preventing leaks such that the area affected is minimized Minimize the frequency and size of LNG release and the consequences Risk analysis Detection of gas and fire Safety concept with alarms Emergency shutdown/equipment isolation Hazardous zones (avoiding ignition sources) Separation distances Training Maintenance

12 Current Standards in the LNG Field EN 13645: Installations and equipment for LNG Design of onshore installations with a storage capacity between 5-200t EN 1473: Installation and equipment for liquified natural gas-design of onshore installations

13 Current Status of Refuelling Station Standards LNG Shyreen Dahoe Secretary ISO/PC 252 Martin Seifert Chairman ISO/PC

14 Start-up ISO/PC 252 & RCS (1) New work item proposal submitted to ISO by the NGV Global in Adopted on 18 th June 2009 and ISO structure established to carry out the work. Chairman: Martin Seifert (Swiss Water & Gas Association) Mandatory Voluntary 14

15 UN Structure for NGV Regulations United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN / ECE) Inland Transport Committee Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) Regulation 115 Working Party.29 World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations Working Party on General Safety Provisions (GRSG) Regulation 110

16 Start-up ISO/PC 252 ISO International Organization Standardization UN / ECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe PC252 CNG & LNG Fuellng Stations WG1 CNG Fuelling Stations WG2 LNG & L-CNG Fuelling Stations TC220 Cryogenic vessels (Working Groups 1,2,3) WG1 NGV connector TC193 Natural Gas Characteristics Liaison TC22 Road Vehicles TC22/SC25 Road vehicles using LPG, CNG, LNG H 2 WG3 CNG vehicle components Liaison WG4 LNG vehicle components (incl. Connector) TC58 CNG cylinders ISO ISO GRPE Working Party on Pollution and Energy Inland Transport Committee WP.29 R-115: Retrofit/ Installation Adapted from: Harmonization of ISO Standards and UN Regulations: New on-board components for CNG, H2 and CNG-H2 blends, A. Bassi, SINTESI, March GRSG Working Party on General Safety Provisions R-110: CNG fuel systems 16

17 ISO Standards Structure for Fuel Storage: Cryogenics & CNG ISO International Organization Standardization TC220 Cryogenic vessels Liaison TC22/SC25 Liaison TC58 CNG cylinders WG1 Design and construction WG2 Operational requirement s WG3 Supporting standard WG7 Compatibility between gases and material WG10 Fitting of valves to gas cylinders SC4 Operational requirements for vehicle SC2 Cylinder fitting SC3 Cylinder design WG2 Retesting of cylinders by acoustic emissions WG3 Methods for inspection and requalification of NGV fuel gas container WG5 Periodic inspection by ultrasonic examination WG25 Welded stainless steel cylinders WG27 Composite cylinders WG17 CNG cylinders for road vehicles ISO/DIS ISO/DIS Adapted from: Harmonization of ISO Standards and UN Regulations: New on-board components for CNG, H2 and CNG-H2 blends, A.Bassi, SINTESI, March 2008

18 ISO-Standards Work

19 Scope of ISO/PC 252 & Work Program 17 P-members 13 O-members ISO/PC 252 Natural gas fuelling stations for vehicles 45 Experts Internal Liaisons - ISO/TC 22/SC 25 - ISO/TC ISO/TC 58 SC 3 & 4 - ISO/TC CEN/PC 252 WG 1 CNG stations for fuelling vehicles ISO/WD 16923(: ) WG 2 LNG stations for fuelling vehicles ISO/WD 16924(: ) External Liaisons - NGV Global - OIML - UN WP.29 GRSG Design, construction and operation of stations for fuelling CNG/LNG to vehicles; including equipment, safety devices and maintenance. 19

20 Small Scale LNG Update ISO Global Standard for Natural-Gas Filling Stations Progress in the creating of ISO/PC 252: Natural Gas fuelling Stations for Vehicles (including fuel station design, construction, operation, equipment, safety devices and maintenance) Solving restrictions (limited infrastructure available for delivery and distribution at fuelling stations) for LNG vehicles by harmonizing requirements for such infrastructure and open up global markets for this cleaner technology

21 Small Scale LNG Date: ISO/WD Revision 9d ISO/TC 252/ WG 2 Secretariat: NEN Natural Gas Fuelling Stations LNG Stations for fuelling Vehicles Part x: Part title Warning This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.

22 Structure of ISO LNG Station standard

23 Structure of ISO LNG Station standard

24 Structure of ISO LNG Station standard

25

26 Status Draft Standards & Issues (2) LNG Definitions Type approval Risk assessment & safety distances Self-service installations Parameters for dispensing (P, T) Periodic inspection Gas quality Vehicle refuelling appliances (VRA) Odorization Metering Venting of NG to the atmosphere

27 Specifics LNG vehicle fuelling standard (1) ISO/WD (: ) LNG storage tank Pumps & Commonalities Odorization LCNG interface On-going Boil-off gas handling equipment To be started Mobile LCNG On-going Mobile LNG & storage Safety distances To be started Operating pressure: Several existing systems ISO/CEN? LNG quality No standards

28 Small Scale LNG

29 Small Scale LNG

30 Small Scale LNG

31 Small Scale LNG Combined LNG and CNG Dispensing

32 Small Scale LNG

33 Small Scale LNG

34 Small Scale LNG Pump arrangements Fig 2: Thermo siphon arrangement Fig 3: Conventional arrangement (the lower line should be changed for to eliminate upwards siphon.)

35

36 Fuel Quality Issues LNG Ships engines especially dual fuel require constant quality, high purity, high methane number LNG for safe and economic operation For constant power to provide manoeuverability Without engine knock (damage, efficiency loss) While all other transport fuels are subject to strict specifications, LNG in general is not. There is a need for LNG fuel standardization like in the USA (fuel grade) Think of EN standards for petrol, diesel, biodiesel,... and EU Fuel Quality Directive. And what about manufacturer s warranties?

37 LNG Fuel Quality Fuel Grade LNG: methane 97.0 mole % ethane 1.0 mole % total inert gases 2.0 mole % (US industry standard) Experiences in countries like USA, Australia, China, Japan, UK, Norway

38 Critical Issues for Small Scale LNG Risk analysis in a standardized form: 1. For the equipment 2. For the site specific aspects Hazardous zones: Eex-document with safety distances Internal and external safety distances

39 Still a long list of Critical Issues

40 And on top of that: Self Dispensing of LNG Multifuel Stations/Integration of LNG Distances to other Fuels and their Dispensers Storage Limits for Small Scale LNG Blow Of Limitations/Use of Blow Off Gas

41 Summary Worldwide: The technologies for handling LNG are there LNG production, transportation, unloading, dispensing technically solved, safe, reliable Europe: Big issue LNG distribution infrastructure in continental Europe Trend: Small scale LNG refuelling network Trend: Small scale liquefaction, pipeline liquefaction Trend: LNG first movers: ships Barrier: Prices of equipment/economics of transport/lng prices at terminals Barrier: Consistent normative and regulatory framework for LNG in general

42 That s the End Any Questions left? m.seifert@svgw.ch 42 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW